世界小史 第89期:达罗

Although we know almost nothing about the people who built Mohenjo Daro, 尽管我们几乎一点不知道什么人建造了摩亨佐.达罗， we do know that different people arrived much later, and that they are ancestors of the people who inhabit

世界小史 第90期:斯巴达人

In time, most of the continent was subdued by the descendants of these invaders, 当时，该大陆的大部分被这些侵略者的后裔征服， who, like the Spartans, maintained a distance between themselves and the peoples they had conquered. 他

世界小史 第91期:文字

Their task was to perform sacrifices to the gods and look after the temples, and, as in Egypt, they were in charge of sacred knowledge. 他们的职责是照管给神灵的祭献品和神庙，就像在埃及那样，他们负责神圣的事情。 Th

世界小史 第79期:当地居民

Let us now take a closer look at two of Greece's most important cities: Sparta and Athens. 现在让我们仔细看看希腊两个最重要的城市：斯巴达和雅典。 We already know something about the Spartans: they were Dorians, who, when th

世界小史 第80期:活着

Boys were beaten just to harden them to pain. 人们打男孩只是为了让他们变得坚强，习惯疼痛。 A harsh upbringing is still called 'Spartan' today, 今天人们仍把这种严格的教育称之为斯巴达式教育， and as you know

世界小史 第78期:火山地区

As sometimes happens in volcanic regions, there was a fissure in the ground from which vapor issued. 像在火山地区常见的那样, 蒸汽使地面产生裂缝。 If anyone inhaled it, it literally clouded their mind. It was as if they were drunk

世界小史 第77期:奥林匹克运动会

Since the Olympic Games took place once every four years, and were attended by all the Greeks, they provided everyone with a convenient way to measure time. 由于奥林匹克运动会每四年举行一次,而且所有的希腊人都来观看，所以运

世界小史 第106期:孔夫子

So I am sure you will be interested in the teachings of Confucius or K'ung Fu-tzu, as he was called in Chinese. 所以我确定你会对孔子或汉语中叫孔夫子的学说感兴趣。 They aren't hard to understand. Nor to remember. 它们不难懂

世界小史 第105期:释迦牟尼

Now at the same time as the Buddha was seeking to relieve man's suffering in India,就在释迦牟尼在印度寻找使人类摆脱苦难的时候，as you remember, that was around 500 BC, there was in China another great man who was also trying to

世界小史 第104期:东方

On the contrary, you'll see that it's all quite straightforward. 相反，你会发现它非常简单。 We can write 'white' by drawing something that is white in this case, a sunbeam. 我们可以画些白色的东西，这就写成了白了比如日

世界小史 第103期:太阳

But wait a minute! you say. If they all spoke different languages, how could using the same script make any difference? 但等一下。你说。如果他们全都说不同的语言，他们怎么用同一种文字区分呢？ Well, Chinese writing is

世界小史 第102期:公元前2500年

But at the time I am going to talk about, around 2,500 years ago,我要讲述的那个时期里，大约在公元前2500年，all this was yet to come, though China was already a vast and ancient kingdom. 这一切还全都没有，虽然当时的中国

世界小史 第101期:奇怪的图画

When I was a schoolboy, China was to us, as it were, at the other end of the world. 在我上小学时，中国对于我们来说是世界的另一端。 At most we had seen the odd picture on a teacup or a vase, so that we imagined a country of stif

世界小史 第100期:不平坦

So this was the Enlightenment that the Buddha experienced under the fig tree: 这便是释迦牟尼在无花果树下所参悟的道： the realization that, instead of giving in to our wishes, we can break free from them rather like when we are feel

世界小史 第99期:主人

I can already hear you saying: That's all very well, but people can't help wanting things! The Buddha thought otherwise. 我已经听到你说的：说得不错。但是人们对自己的欲望是无能为力的呀。 释迦牟尼不这样认为。 H

世界小史 第98期:一本书

The idea that came to him, his great Enlightenment, the solution to human suffering, was this: 他参透到的伟大的知觉，让人类摆脱苦难的思想，是这样的： if we want to avoid suffering, we must start with ourselves, because all

世界小史 第92期:森林里冥想

But it would be wrong to say that the Indians were a cruel people. 但是说印度人是一个残忍的民族是错误的。 On the contrary, their priests were serious and profound thinkers,相反，他们的祭司是很严肃、深沉的思考者，

世界小史 第93期:梵天

For the divine breath of Brahma is the essence of all things. 因为神圣的梵天(波罗贺摩)的气息是万物的精华。 To help their pupils understand this, Indian priests had a lovely formula which you may turn over in your mind. 为使他们

世界小史 第94期:乔答摩

Holy men like these penitents and hermits, were common in India 3,000 years ago, and there are still many there today. 3000年前，这样神圣的人、忏悔者和遁世者在印度有很多很多，今天也还有。 But one of them was different

世界小史 第95期:妻子

The driver was forced to explain that this was an old man. 驭车人只得给他解释这是一位老人。 Deep in thought, Gautama returned to his palace. 乔答摩若有所思地回到他的宫殿。 On another occasion he saw someone who was sick