音标：[dis'mei] ；柯林斯词典等级：2 级；

n. 沮丧
vt. 使惊愕, 使气馁

v. fill with apprehension or alarm; cause to be unpleasantly surprised

词型变化：过去式 : dismayed ; 过去分词 : dismayed ; 现在分词 : dismaying ; 名词复数形式 : dismays ; 第三人称单数 : dismays
考试类型：[六级/考研/托福/IELTS/GRE]

词性分布：

名词74%

动词26%

dismay的用法和样例：

例句

用作名词(n.)

The enemy retreated in perfect dismay.敌人沮丧地退去。
To my dismay, he made the same mistakes.让我感到沮丧的是，他又犯了同样的错误。
He watched the burning bouse with dismay.他绝望地看着着火的房子。

用作及物动词(vt.)

The teacher was dismayed at the students' lack of response.老师对学生的毫无反应感到沮丧。
It dismayed us that the project had been canceled.那个计划取消了，这让我们非常惊讶。

常见句型

用作动词(v.)

用作不及物动词S+～(+A)

Soldiers must never dismay.军人必须永不气馁。

用作及物动词S+～+ n./pron.

The thought that she might fail the history test dismayed her.想到她的历史可能考不及格时,她很气馁。
He dismayed his colleagues by refusing the offer.他拒绝了这项建议,使同事们感到惊讶。

I was dismayed at the news.我听到这个消息,很沮丧。
He was dismayed when he found his wallet gone.他发现丢了钱包而惊慌失措。
The speaker was dismayed by the audience's lack of interest.听众没有兴趣,讲演者感到沮丧。
The travellers were dismayed to find the bridge had been wash away.旅行者们发现桥被冲跑了,很沮丧。
I was dismayed to learn that she had failed again.得知她又一次失败,我感到失望。

其他

She in one lifetime sees all causes lost, herself dismayed and hopeless.一生中,她看见所有事业都归于失败,而她自己则心灰意冷、无比失望。

用作名词(n.)

I am filled with dismay at the news.我对这个消息极为震惊。
To their dismay, the door was locked.使他们惊慌的是,门已被锁上了。

词汇搭配

用作动词 (v.)

～+副词

dismay extremely极端沮丧
dismay thoroughly完全气馁
dismay utterly十分惊愕

～+介词

dismay at the news对这消息感到惊愕
dismay by由于…而沮丧

用作名词 (n.)

动词+～

feel dismay感到惊愕
strike dismay使惊恐不安

介词+～

fill〔struck〕 with dismay极为惊愕

经典引文

My amusement at this soon changed to dismay.sssss Tolkien
出自：ssssG. B. Shaw
She hugged him tightly with tears in her eyes, dismayed at how much he had changed.
出自：J. G. Farrell

【近义词】

alarm警报
consternation惊愕
bewilder 使迷惑
confuse使困惑
bother烦扰
disturb扰乱
embarrass使窘迫
appall使 ... 胆寒
frighten使惊吓
depress使沮丧
daunt使 ... 胆怯
disappointment失望
shock震惊
apprehension理解
panic惊慌
sadness悲哀
depression沮丧
disappoint使失望
sadden(使)黯淡
perturb使烦恼
discourage阻碍
horror恐怖
fright惊骇
terror恐怖
horrify使恐惧
funk恐惧
demoralise使堕落
demoralize使士气低落
discouragement挫折
get down下来
dispirit使沮丧
deject <古>垂头丧气的...
cast down扔掉
appal使 ... 惊骇
disheartenment气馁

【反义词】

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