听电影学英语-食品公司 11

　　[00:02.60]世界上最大的屠宰场

[00:08.36](snorting)

[00:15.04]is a small town called Tar 1 Heel 一个叫塔希尔的小镇

[00:15.36]The town where the plant is located 这个厂房位于

[00:18.08]in the middle of a very economically-depressed area. 这一带都是经济很落后的地方

[00:24.92]史密斯菲尔德公司

[00:26.76]the art of picking and choosing 已经掌握了怎样挑选出

[00:30.60]a workforce 2 that they can exploit, 可以被压榨的劳动力

[00:31.60]initially from the local workforce-- 最初是当地人

[00:35.28]the poor whites, the poor black. 贫穷的白人和贫穷的黑人

[00:40.64]They went through that workforce very quickly. 他们很快就榨干了当地的劳动力

[00:47.52]all the way from Dentsville, South Carolina, 接送工人从南卡罗来纳州的丹斯维尔

[00:48.20]to Clinton, North Carolina. 到北卡罗来纳州的克林顿上班

[00:50.04]You have to draw a circle 100 miles in diameter, 从这里画一个半径50英里的圆圈

[00:55.36]and that’s where all of your workers are coming from. 工厂的工人就是从这个区域雇来的

[00:59.92]由工人身上的隐藏摄像机拍摄

[01:06.92]Man: They have the same mentality 3 towards workers 食品公司对待工人的态度

[01:10.44](squealing)

　　[01:13.96]Man: You know, the hog 4, they don’t really have to worry about their comfort 你知道,公司其实不关心猪是不是过得舒服

[01:19.32]because they’re temporary. They’re gonna be killed. 因为它们的存在是暂时的,终有一天会送去屠宰

[01:22.16]And they have the same viewpoint to the worker. 他们就是这样对待工人的

[01:25.00]You’re not worried about the longevity 5 of the worker 公司不关心员工的健康和寿命

[01:27.68]because, to them, everything has an end. 因为在他们看来,一切都有个终结

[01:31.00]屠杀区域——每天要屠杀32000头猪

[01:38.88]- (clicks, whirring) - (squealing) 卡哒声、轰鸣声、惨叫声

[01:51.44]Man: When you’ve got 2000 hogs 6 an hour going through 这些工厂每小时要处理2000头猪

[01:53.76]employees, because they’re handling these guts 7 so much, 里面的工人们因为整天处理内脏

[01:58.96]they get infections in their fingernails and all. 他们的指甲,还有其他地方都被感染了

[01:59.80]All their fingernails separate from their fingers. 他们的指甲从手指上脱落

[02:01.16]Man #2: You’re covered with blood, feces, urine. 每天都跟血,粪便,尿打交道

[02:06.32]It’s easy to get hurt down there. 很容易就会受伤害

[02:07.68]Man: You’re doing that same movement 你对每一只猪

[02:09.52]for that same piece of the hog 都做同样的动作

[02:10.16]and it’s nonstop, you know. 周而复始

[02:12.84]Basically you’re treated as a human machine. 基本上你就是被当作机器使用的

[02:16.04]Man #3: You get people that can’t afford 史密斯菲尔德公司很清楚

[02:20.36]to leave from out there, and Smithfield knows this. 这些工人一旦失去了这份工作,就没有其他办法谋生了

[02:22.72]And that’s what they hold over you. 他们就是这样控制工人的

[02:29.08]Schlosser: 100 years ago 100年前

　　[02:33.08]when Upton Sinclair wrote "The Jungle" 当厄普顿?辛克莱撰写小说"屠场"的时候

[02:35.60]there was a beef trust that wielded 8 enormous power. 一个由牛肉供应商组成的托拉斯有举足轻重的影响力

[02:38.44]Immigrants from Eastern Europe were being abused 在政府没有制定监管制度的情况下

[02:42.48]in the absence of any kind of government regulation 东欧来的移民工人在肉类工厂里被压榨

[02:46.48]There were horrible disfiguring injuries 曾经发生过致人伤残的事件

[02:47.84]and even deaths. 甚至有工人死亡

[02:53.52]Pollan: Things got better. They slowly got better. 后来情况慢慢好转了

[02:58.52]Schlosser: Teddy Roosevelt took on the beef trust. 西奥多?罗斯福总统制裁了这个牛肉托拉斯

[02:59.56]Labor 9 unions slowly organized meatpacking workers 工会慢慢把工人们组织起来

[03:06.24]and turned it into one of the best industrial jobs 使肉类生产变成了美国最好的

[03:09.92]in the United States. 工作岗位之一

[03:12.40]By the 1950s to be a meatpacking worker 到20世纪50年代,一个肉类生产工人的待遇

[03:13.60]was like being an auto 10 worker 跟汽车生产工人差不多

[03:16.60]who has a good wage, good benefits, pension. 工资高,福利也优厚,还有退休金

[03:21.12]And then what happened? 但是后来发生了什么?

[03:22.48]Well, the meat-packing companies got bigger 为了满足快餐业

[03:25.64]in order to serve the needs of the fast-food industry, 这个最大的客户的需要

[03:28.32]which was its biggest customer. 肉类供应商扩大了规模

[03:31.00]Some of the meat-packing companies like IBP 有些肉类供应商,例如IBP公司

[03:32.68]borrowed the same sort of labor practices 借鉴了快餐业的

[03:37.00]from the fast food industry-- 某些雇佣制度

[03:37.36]cutting wages, making sure there were no unions, 减薪,禁止成立工会

[03:41.04]speeding up production, 加快生产速度

[03:41.72]and having the worker do the same task 让工人们反反覆覆

[03:44.88]again and again and again. 只做一件事

[03:47.72]And meat-packing is now 肉类生产

[03:50.92]one of the most dangerous jobs in the United States. 现在是美国最危险的工作之一

[03:54.24]The meat-packing industry also recruited 肉类供应商现在还雇用了

[03:56.44]a new set of immigrants-- illegal immigrants 一批新的移民工人,包括非法移民

[04:00.60]and recent immigrants from Mexico. 和新近从墨西哥移民到美国来的人

[04:03.64]Many of the illegal immigrants coming to America 很多到美国来的非法移民

[04:06.48]were corn farmers in Mexico. 原本在墨西哥种玉米

[04:08.16]NAFTA led to a flooding of the Mexican market 北美自由贸易区的成立,让墨西哥成为了

[04:13.84]with cheap American corn. 美国廉价玉米的倾销目标

[04:14.68]It’s put more than a million and a half Mexican farmers out of work. 这让超过150万的墨西哥人失去工作

[04:20.88]They couldn’t compete with this cheap corn coming from America. 他们的产品无法对抗从美国进口的廉价玉米

[04:22.72](yelling)

[04:24.56]Pollan: So what happens to those million and a half Mexican farmers? 那这150万墨西哥农民怎么办呢?

　　[04:30.08]Schlosser: Meat packers like IBP, 像IBP

[04:32.72]National Beef and Monfort 全国牛肉公司,蒙佛特公司这样的肉联公司

[04:33.92]began actively 11 recruiting in Mexico. 开始积极地在墨西哥招聘工人

[04:38.08]Companies advertised on the radio 这些公司在电台和报纸

[04:38.60]and in newspapers. 做广告

[04:41.44]IBP set up a bus service IBP公司还提供接送服务

[04:45.64]in Mexico to bring workers into the United States. 好让工人从墨西哥到美国来上班

[04:49.16]For years the government turned a blind eye 多年以来,政府对肉类供应商

[04:53.84]by the meat-packing industry. 视而不见

[04:55.16]But now, when there’s an anti-immigrant movement, 但是现在,当反移民运动兴起

[04:59.68]they’re cracking down all of a sudden, 政府就开始采取严厉手段

[05:00.20]but they’re not cracking down on these companies. 不是对付食品公司