音标：['pɒizn] ；柯林斯词典等级：2 级；牛津三千核心词汇；

n. 毒药, 毒, 毒物, 有毒害的事物
vt. 毒害, 毒杀, 使中毒
vi. 放毒, 下毒

n. any substance that causes injury or illness or death of a living organism
n. anything that harms or destroys
v. spoil as if by poison
v. kill with poison

词型变化：名词复数形式 : poisons ; 过去分词 : poisoned ; 现在分词 : poisoning ; 过去式 : poisoned ; 第三人称单数 : poisons
考试类型：[高考/四级/六级/考研/托福]

词性分布：

名词62%

动词38%

poison的用法和样例：

例句

用作名词(n.)

We detected traces of the poison in her food.我们在她的食物里发现了微量毒药。
He tried to kill himself by taking poison.他曾试图服毒自杀。
Some people say that selfishness is a poison in our society.有些人说自私是我们社会的一害。

用作及物动词(vt.)

Someone tried to poison our dog.有人想毒杀我们的狗。
Spiritual rubbish can poison the children's pure minds.精神垃圾能毒害孩子们的纯洁心灵。
Drugs poison a person's joy in life.麻药危害人生的欢乐。
Don't trust the words which poison the friendship of ours.不要相信那些破坏我们友谊的话。
Tainted food can poison your system.腐坏的食物会使身体中毒。

用作形容词(adj.)

Nonetheless, an Argentine pathologist who has studied diethylene glycol poisonings helped develop a test for the poison in exhumed bodies.尽管如此，来自于阿根廷的病原学家仍然在掘出的尸体中检测出有毒的甘油。
Just as a trader with a small escort and great wealth would avoid a perilous route, or just as one desiring to live avoids poison, even so should one shun evil.如财多而随从少的富商避开危险的路线，如想要生存之人避免毒药，人们亦应避免邪恶。

常见句型

用作名词(n.)

These mushrooms contain a deadly poison.这些蘑菇含有剧毒。
It was deadly poison and if he drank it he'd probably die.这是致命的毒药,他要是喝下去很可能会丧命。
These ideas are a poison in our society.这些思想是我们社会的祸害。
What's your poison?你喝点什么酒?
I'm not eating that poison!我可不吃那种猪食!
They all hate her like poison.他们都对她恨之入骨。

用作动词(v.)

用作及物动词S+～+ n./pron.

Someone tried to poison our dog.有人要毒死我们的狗。
The explosion of the chemical plant has poisoned many local residents.那座化工厂的爆炸毒死了许多当地居民。
Such books poison the minds of the young.这种书毒害青年的思想。
Envy of his friend's success poisoned his mind.嫉妒朋友的成功使他产生了邪念。
Don't trust the words which poison the friendship of ours.不要相信那些破坏我们友谊的话。
Exhaust fumes from cars are poisoning the air of our cities.汽车排出的废气使我们城市中的空气遭受污染。

Are our children being poisoned by lead in the atmosphere?我们的儿童是否受着空气中铅的毒害?
The patient is very dangerous, with blood poisoned by infection.因感染而血液中毒的病人是很危险的。
Their friendship was poisoned by distrust.他们的友谊受到猜疑的影响。
Their minds have been poisoned by propaganda.他们的头脑中已中了宣传的毒。

常用短语

用作动词(v.)

poison against (v.+prep.)

The unhappy mother had poisoned her children's minds against their father and they no longer wanted to see him.

心怀不满的妈妈对孩子的父亲的看法影响了孩子的思想,以至于他们不再想见到他。

poison with (v.+prep.)

以…影响〔毒害〕(…) influence (sb's mind) wrongly with (bad ideas)

词汇搭配

用作名词 (n.)

动词+～

administer poison投放毒药
neutralize poison中和毒性
swallow poison吞服毒药

形容词+～

absolute poison极其厌恶
rank poison剧毒
slow poison慢性毒药

～+介词

poison for killing weeds除草剂
poison to morals败坏道德的事

用作动词 (v.)

～+名词

poison dog毒死狗
poison mice毒死老鼠
poison one's mind毒害某人的思想

～+副词

poison basely无耻地毒害
poison corrosively腐蚀性地毒害
poison diabolically凶暴地毒害
poison insidiously伺机毒害
poison maliciously恶意毒害
poison murderously企图谋杀地毒害
poison organically有组织地毒害

～+介词

poison against对…有不良的影响
poison by eating sth由于吃某物而中毒
poison with用…伤害或杀死…; 以…影响〔毒害〕…

经典引文

A Upas Tree..from which the natives used to obtain a very effective poison for arrows.
出自：Anthony Huxley
The poor thing took poison and killed herself.
出自：R. Dahl
The Water-Snake..lyes poyson'd in his Bed.
出自：Dryden
Mashenka had poisoned her husband.
出自：V. S. Pritchett

【近义词】

pollute污染
venom毒液
kill杀死
murder谋杀
exterminate消灭
destroy破坏
harm危害
taint污点
infect传染
corrupt腐败的
contaminate弄脏
adulterate搀 ... 使品质变劣...
toxin毒素
contagion传染病
toxic substance有毒物质
toxicant有毒物
poisonous substance毒性物质
envenom下毒

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