音标：['hɑ:di] ；柯林斯词典等级：2 级；

a. 难的, 艰苦的, 坚硬的, 勇敢的
adv. 努力地, 辛苦地, 坚硬地

n. United States slapstick comedian who played the pompous and overbearing member of the Laurel and Hardy duo who made many films (1892-1957)
n. English novelist and poet (1840-1928)
s. having rugged physical strength; inured to fatigue or hardships
s. able to survive under unfavorable weather conditions

词型变化：名词复数形式 : hardies ; 形容词比较级 : hardier ; 形容词最高级 : hardiest
考试类型：[六级/托福/IELTS/GRE]

词性分布：

形容词100%

hardy的用法和样例：

例句

用作形容词(adj.)

A few hardy people swam in the icy water.一些强壮的人在冰冷的水中游泳。
Only a hardy man should enter the auto race.只有胆大的人才能参加摩托赛。
Camels are tough and hardy creatures.骆驼是能吃苦耐劳的动物。
Their children are remarkably hardy.他们的孩子非常能吃苦耐劳。
Strawberry is hardy and easy to grow in all soil.草莓耐寒，各种土壤里都容易生长。
The hardy plant lived through the cold winter.耐寒的植物经受住了严冬的考验。

常见句型

用作形容词(adj.)

用作定语～+ n.

A few hardy men broke the ice on the lake and had a swim.几个硬汉打破了湖上的冰去游泳。
He is a hardy person.他是一个能吃苦耐劳的人。
The kind of plant is a hardy annual.这种植物是耐寒的一年生植物。

词汇搭配

hardy perennial多年生耐寒植物; 经...
half-hardy半耐寒性的
hardy annual一年生耐寒植物...
half hardy不能在户外过冬的...

经典引文

Art thou so hardy, as to dare my vengeance?
出自：Horace Walpole
Few..are hardy enough openly to advocate starting a war.
出自：J. W. Krutch

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adaptive-optics

additional commitment

Bannesdorf auf Fehmarn

binder modification