音标：['bә:dn] ；柯林斯词典等级：3 级；

n. 负担, 重载, 担子, 责任
vt. 装货于, 烦扰, 使负担

n. an onerous or difficult concern
n. the central idea that is expanded in a document or discourse
v. weight down with a load

词型变化：名词复数形式 : burdens ; 过去分词 : burdened ; 现在分词 : burdening ; 过去式 : burdened ; 第三人称单数 : burdens
考试类型：[高考/四级/六级/考研/托福]

词性分布：

名词88%

动词12%

burden的用法和样例：

例句

用作名词(n.)

The burden on his back seemed to be crushing him to the earth.他背上的重负似乎要把他压倒在地。
People on high incomes face a huge tax burden.高收入的人面临着沉重的纳税负担。
The burden of organizing the campaign fell to me.组织这次活动的责任落到了我头上。
I don't want to lay a burden on you.我不想让你承担责任。
The burden of his argument was that life is precious.他论证的要点是生命是宝贵的。

用作动词(v.)

I don't want to burden you with my problem.我不想让我的问题给你添麻烦。

常见句型

用作名词(n.)

The burden fell on the eldest son.担子落在了长子身上。
His poor family is becoming a burden.他贫困的家庭渐渐成了累赘。
The burden of his complaint was that quality was very poor.他投诉的要点是品质非常差。

用作动词(v.)

用作及物动词S+～+ n./pron.

The economy was further burdened by a flood of refugees.难民大批涌来使经济负担愈加沉重。

常用短语

用作动词(v.)

burden with( v.+prep. )

Why do you burden yourself with your sister's dog?

你何必自找麻烦为你姐姐的狗所累呢?

He burdened himself with a heavy overcoat.

他给自己加一件厚大衣。

She was burdened with a large quantity of parcels.

她吃力地捧着一大堆包裹。

词汇搭配

用作名词 (n.)

动词+～

bear a burden承受负担
become a burden成为负担
carry a burden背负重担
cast one's burden on sb把责任丢给某人
drop one's burden卸下重任
lay a burden on sb给某人增加负担
lessen a burden减轻负担
lighten a burden减轻负担
share a burden分担责任
shoulder a burden肩负重担
take up a burden挑起重担

形容词+～

common burden共同的负担
domestic burden家庭负担
financial burden财政负担
heavy burden沉重的负担
mental burden精神负担,思想包袱
weighty burden重担,重任

名词+～

tax burden税收负担

介词+～

with a burden on one's back负有重担

～+介词

burden of grief压在心头的悲伤
burden of leadership领导的担子
burden of sorrow压在心头的悲伤
burden of taxation税收负担
burden of the people人民的负担
burden on sb某人的负担
burden to…的负担

经典引文

Carrying a burden of acorns.
出自：E. M. Forster
I'd rather die..than be a burden.
出自：E. Glasgow
The burden of training a family.
出自：E. Roosevelt

【近义词】

load

load

【反义词】

lighten
reduce

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