新视野大学英语读写教程词汇 第一册 unit05 b
时间：2018-12-17 作者：英语课 分类：新视野大学英语读写教程词汇 第一册
<MUSIC>sound/unit05_newwords_b.mp3</MUSIC>
<TITLE>New Words</TITLE>
|@|<1>commence|v.|begin or start |开始
||||Shall we commence the meeting at ten o'clock? |会议十点开始，好吗？
||||The academic year commences 2 at the beginning of October. |一学年从十月初开始。
||<2>thrust 3|vt.|push sth. somewhere roughly 4 |猛推；猛塞
||||He thrust the chair against the wall. |他把椅子推向墙壁。
||||The young man thrust the leaflets 5 into the windows. |那个年轻人把宣传单塞进了窗户。
|@|<3>apart |ad.|being separated from each other |分开地
||||We dragged the two men apart in case they hurt each other. |我们把那两个人拉开了，以免他们伤害到对方。
||||Jo and Sam decided 6 to try living apart for a while. |乔与萨姆决定试着分开住一阵子。
|@|<4>initial|a.|happening at the beginning |起初的，开始的
||||The initial talks were the base of the later agreement. |最初的谈判是随后达成协议的基础。
||||His initial answer was not good enough. |他最初的回答并不令人满意。
||<5> <em>initially 8</em> |ad. |at the beginning |起初，起先
||||Initially, she objected to the plan, but later she changed her mind. |起先，她反对这一计划，但后来改变了主意。
||||She took interest in it initially, but she was not interested for long. |她一开始感兴趣，但没有保持多久。
|@|<6>intense|a.|having a very strong effect or felt very strongly |强烈的，剧烈的
||||The farmers worked despite the intense heat. |尽管天气炎热，农民仍然在干活。
||||Some of these young people are under intense pressure to succeed. |一些年轻人为了成功承受着巨大压力。
|@|<7>bleed|vi. |(bled, bled) lose blood |流血
||||The cut on his finger was bleeding. |他手指上的伤口在流血。
||||The man refused to go to the hospital, even though he was bleeding. |那个人正在流血，但他不肯去医院。
||<8>haste 10 |n.|[U] great speed in doing sth., esp. because time is limited |匆忙
||||Haste makes waste. |欲速则不达。
||||He shut the door with haste. |他急忙关上门。
|@|<9>trial|n.|1. [C] (~s) a sports competition in which people are tested and chosen for a later competition |预赛，选拔赛
||||The team was surprised at the result of the trials. |预赛结果让队里吃了一惊。
||||His performance in the trials gave him a chance to play for his country at the Olympics. |他在预赛中的表现让他有机会去参加奥运会。
||||2. [C, U] a process of examining a case in court |审判
||||Their trial will be held next week. |对他们的审判将于下周举行。
||||The case will go to trial in May. |这桩案子将在五月份审判。
||||3. [C, U] a process of testing to find out quality, value, etc. |试验，检验
||||The trials show that the medicine is quite effective in treating the disease 11. |试验表明这一药物治疗这种疾病很有效。
||||The first clinical trials are expected to begin next year. |第一轮临床试验应该在明年开始。
|@|<10>significant|a. |very important |重要的；意义重大的
||||Please inform me if there are any significant changes in your plan. |你的计划若有任何重大变动，请通知我。
||||It is a significant date for her. |对她来说，那是个意义重大的日子。
|★|<11>endanger |vt.|put sb. or sth. in danger |使...处于险境
||||Smoking during pregnancy 13 can endanger your baby's health. |怀孕期间吸烟会危及婴儿健康。
||||His health was endangered by overwork. |他的健康因劳累过度受到损害。
|@|<12>spill |vt.|accidentally pour a liquid out of a container |使溢出；使溅出
||||I spilled the drink on my trousers by mistake. |我一失手把饮料泼到了裤子上。
||||He spilt coffee all over his desk. |他把咖啡洒了一桌子。
|| |vi.|(of a liquid) flow out of the edge of a container |溢出；溅出
||||The water is so full that it might spill over. |水太满了，可能会溢出来。
||||The coffee spilled all over the desk. |咖啡洒了一桌。
|■|<13>adoption 14|n.|1. [C, U] the act of adopting a child |收养
||||They gave their babies up for adoption. |他们放弃抚养孩子, 让他人收养。
||||If you cannot have your children of your own, why not consider adoption? |如果你们不能生育,为什么不考虑收养孩子？
||||2. [U] the act of starting to use a plan, method, etc. |采用
||||The president has encouraged the adoption of new technology. |董事长鼓励采用新技术。
||||The adoption of his idea solved the problem. |采用他的方法解决了问题。
|@|<14>explore |vt.|discuss or think about sth. carefully |探讨，研究
||||In their report, they explored the chance of building a dam on the river. |在报告中，他们探讨了在江上建造大坝的可行性。
||||The history professor explored the causes of the revolution |这位历史学教授研究了发生革命的原因。
|||v.|travel around an area to look for sth. such as oil, minerals, etc. |探索，探测
||||A group of scientists were sent to explore the valley. |一个科学家小组被派去探索这个河谷。
||||This is a company exploring for oil. |这是一个石油勘探公司。
||<15>mug|vt. |attack and rob sb. in a public place |对...行凶抢劫
||||A man tried to mug me when I was walking on the street. |我在街上走时，有人试图抢劫我。
||||We were mugged in the park. |我们在公园里遭到抢劫。
|@|<16>prior|a.|1. (to) before |在...之前
||||They're planning to talk to Joe prior to the meeting. |他们打算在会前跟乔谈谈。
||||They had left prior to my arrival. |我到之前他们就走了。
||||2. happening or existing before a particular time |事先的，预先的
||||I was unable to attend the party because of a prior appointment. |由于和别人有约在先，我不能参加晚会。
||||He said that he had no prior knowledge of the meeting. |他说他事先对这次会议的情况一无所知。
|■|<17>springboard|n.|[C] a strong board for jumping on or off, used for diving or doing gym |跳板
||||Jumping off the springboard, he soared 16 three feet up into the air before coming down again. |他从跳板上一跃而起，腾空跃起三英尺，然后落地。
||<18>unfortunately |ad.|with regret or sad feelings |不幸地；遗憾地
||||Unfortunately, we arrived too late to catch the plane. |遗憾的是，我们来得太迟，没有赶上飞机。
||||There's nothing I can do about it, unfortunately. |遗憾的是，我对此无能为力。
||<19>coach|n. |[C] a person who trains people in sports for games, matches, etc. |教练
||||He has been a football coach for twenty years. |他当足球教练有20年了。
||||He was named the head coach of the national team. |他被任命为国家队的主教练。
|||vt. |train or teach; give instruction or advice to |训练，指导，辅导
||||The teacher often spends her spare time coaching the students. |那位老师经常用课余时间辅导学生。
||||He seems to enjoy coaching children. |看起来他挺喜欢辅导小孩的。
|@|<20>assist|v. |help sb. to do sth. |帮助，协助
||||In this position, you will assist in training new employees. |你这个工作要干的事是协助培训新雇员。
||||Citizens have a duty to assist the police. |市民有义务协助警察。
|@|<21>enjoyable|a.|giving sb. pleasure |令人愉快的，可享受的
||||We spent an enjoyable evening playing cards. |我们晚上打扑克，过得很愉快。
||||I try to make my lessons more enjoyable by using games. |我通过开展游戏活动尽力把课上得更加生动有趣。
||<22>triumph 18|n.|[C] an important victory or success after a difficult struggle |胜利，成功
||||This is not an expected triumph for them. |这次胜利出乎他们意料。
||||He regarded it as a triumph over the enemy. |他把这看成是对敌斗争的胜利。
|||vi.|(over) gain a victory or success after a difficult struggle |获胜，成功，击败
||||The head had triumphed 19 over the heart. |理智战胜了情感。
||||Our team triumphed over theirs. |我们队战胜了他们队。
|@|<23>partner |n.|1. [C] a person one is married to or having a sexual 20 relation with |配偶，（性）伴侣
||||People who have many sexual partners are more at risk from AIDS. |性伴侣较多的人感染艾滋病的危险更大。
||||Are we allowed to bring our partners to the staff party? |我们可以带配偶一起去参加员工聚会吗？
|| ||2. [C] a person that sb. does a particular activity with |伙伴，搭档
||||Have you got a partner for the dance on Saturday? |星期六的舞会你有舞伴了吗？
||||Japan is a major trading partner of the US. |日本是美国的主要贸易伙伴。
|@|<24>confuse |vt.|make sb. feel they do not understand sth. |使困惑，使糊涂
||||They confused the teacher by having the same names. |他们名字相同，使老师常弄错。
||||I was confused by your unclear explanation. |你解释得不清楚，我给弄糊涂了。
||<25>vapor 21|vt.|[C] (BrE vapour) a form like a gas which is made up of tiny drops of water or other liquids in the air |蒸气
||||When you heat a liquid, it changes into a vapor. |液体加热时，会变成蒸汽。
||||A thin coat of vapor began to collect. |薄薄的一层蒸汽开始集聚起来。
||<26> <em>vaporize</em> |v. |(BrE vaporise) (cause to) change from a liquid into a vapor; disappear |（使）变成蒸气；（使）蒸发；消失
||||Water vaporizes when boiled. |水沸腾时变成蒸汽。
||||My respect for the man vaporized as soon as I found him lying. |我一发现他撒谎，对他的尊重就消失了。
|@|<27>compete|vi. |take part and try to win in a competition |竞争；参赛
||||He got a chance to compete in the Olympics at last. |他终于获得了参加奥运会比赛的机会。
||||He was clever enough to compete for the mathematics scholarship. |他很聪明，完全可以参与竞争数学奖学金。
||<28>scare |vt. |make sb. feel frightened |惊吓，使惊恐
||||The way he drove scared me. |他开车的样子把我吓坏了。
||||You scared me by coming in so quietly. |你一声不响地进来，吓了我一跳。
||<29>repetition 22 |n. |[U] doing or saying the same thing many times |重复
||||Good writing avoids unnecessary repetition. |好文章要避免不需要的重复。
||||The performing of the play improved with each repetition. |每次演出，这部戏的表演都有所改进。
|@|<30>confident |a.|having belief in one's power or ability |自信的，相信的
||||The government is confident of winning the next term of office. |政府相信能够赢得下届选举。
||||She was confident that she would find work soon. |她相信自己很快会找到工作。
||<31> <em>scoreboard</em> |n. |[C] a board on which the score of a game is recorded |（体育比赛）记分牌
||||The figures flash up on the scoreboard. |记分牌上比分跳动。
||||He did not know that his team had won until his teammates told him to look up at the scoreboard. |直到队友叫他看记分牌时，他才知道他们队获胜了。
||<32>leap|vi.|jump high into the air, often landing 23 in a different place |跳，跳跃
||||He leaped into the air. |他向空中跳跃。
||||They leaped over the small stream. |他们跃过小溪。
|@|<33>quit|v.|stop （doing sth.） |停止，放弃
||||He quit his job for a better position. |他辞去自己的工作，为的是找到更好的工作。
||||I was trying to quit smoking at the time. |当时我正在努力戒烟。
<TITLE>Phrases and Expressions</TITLE>
||<34>in haste |quickly or in a hurry |匆忙地
|||They went off in haste. |他们匆匆忙忙地走了。
|||Don't act in haste. |做事不要太匆忙。
||<35>call sb. names |say sth. nasty 24 or insulting 25 about sb. |骂某人
|||It is impolite to call other's names. |骂人是不礼貌的。
|||They called me names because I was slow. |我慢下来，他们就骂我。
||<36>have a shot at sth.|have an attempt to do sth. or achieve sth. |尝试，企图，努力做某事
|||I'll have a shot at the puzzle. |我会试着解这道难题。
|||He decided to have a shot at writing it himself. |他决定尝试自己写。
||<37>take first place |be the first or top, esp. in a match |获得第一名
|||He took first place in the high jump. |他跳高得了第一。
|||He shocked the world by taking first place in the competition. |他比赛得了第一, 震惊了全世界。
||<38>for fear (that) |for fear of sth.; in case sb. makes sth. bad happen |担心，生怕
|||I left an hour earlier for fear that I would miss the train. |我提前一小时离开，怕赶不上火车。
|||He ran away for fear that she would kill him. |他害怕自己会被她杀害，就跑掉了。
||<39>start with |begin with |从...开始
|||The meeting started with the visiting professor's speech. |会议开始是来访的教授发言。
|||If I were you, I would start with the easy questions. |如果我是你，我会从简单的问题入手。
<TITLE>Proper Names</TITLE>
||<40>Olympics | |(the O~) 奥林匹克运动会
||<41>Seoul | |首尔 (韩国首都，前称汉城)
||<42>Samoan | |萨摩亚人
||<43>Ron O'Brien | |罗恩·奥布赖恩 (人名)
- We will commence with this work.我们将开始这项工作。
- The factory will commence full scale operation next month.工厂将于下月开始全力生产。
- The Bible commences with the Genesis. 《圣经》开头是《创世记》。
- The second term commences in March. 第二学期自三月开始。
- They thrust themselves into the house.他们闯进了这间屋子。
- They thrust their way through the dense crowd.他们挤过密集的人群。
- If you treat your coat so roughly,it will be worn out soon.你如果这么糟蹋你的外套，它很快就不能穿了。
- The island is roughly circular in shape.这个岛屿大致是圆形的。
- Leaflets have been delivered to every household. 传单已发送到每家每户。
- They stood there, giving out the leaflets to the passers-by. 他们站在那里，向过路人散发传单。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
- There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。
- After she'd overcome her initial shyness,she became very friendly.她克服了起初的羞怯之后，变得十分友善。
- The experiments have given initial results eventually.那些试验总算初见成效了。
- The ban was initially opposed by the US.这一禁令首先遭到美国的反对。
- Feathers initially developed from insect scales.羽毛最初由昆虫的翅瓣演化而来。
- Susan was an intense young lady.苏珊是一个热情的年轻姑娘。
- The quarrel caused her intense unhappiness.争吵令她极其不快。
- In his blind haste he almost ran into the river.他匆匆忙忙地几乎跑到河里去了。
- The contract says the work must be completed with all possible haste.合同上写明这项工作必须尽快完成。
- The doctors are trying to stamp out the disease.医生正在尽力消灭这种疾病。
- He fought against the disease for a long time.他同疾病做了长时间的斗争。
- Your success today may be significant for your whole future.你今天的成功对你的整个未来可能是重要的。
- She cast him a significant smile.她向他投去意味深长的一笑。
- Early pregnancy is often accompanied by nausea.怀孕早期常有恶心的现象。
- Smoking during pregnancy increases the risk of miscarriage.怀孕期吸烟会增加流产的危险。
- An adoption agency had sent the boys to two different families.一个收养机构把他们送给两个不同的家庭。
- The adoption of this policy would relieve them of a tremendous burden.采取这一政策会给他们解除一个巨大的负担。
- The duty to protect my sister is prior to all others.保护我的妹妹是我最重要的责任。
- I took up one-year prior course in German in this college.我在这所大学读了一年的德语预科。
- The bird soared high, with outspread wings. 鸟儿展翅高飞。
- The rocket soared skywards. 火箭呼啸着朝天上飞去。
- He asked us to assist him in carrying through their plan.他要我们帮助他实施他们的计划。
- We'll assist at your wedding.我们将出席你们的婚礼。
- The victorious army returned in triumph.获胜的部队凯旋而归。
- I could detect no triumph in his eye.我不能在他的眼里看出胜利的喜悦。
- They triumphed over adversity. 他们战胜了厄运。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- He triumphed over his political enemies. 他战胜了自己的政敌。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- He was a person of gross sexual appetites.他是个性欲旺盛的人。
- It is socially irresponsible to refuse young people advice on sexual matters.拒绝向年轻人提供性方面的建议是对社会不负责任。
- The cold wind condenses vapor into rain.冷风使水蒸气凝结成雨。
- This new machine sometimes transpires a lot of hot vapor.这部机器有时排出大量的热气。
- The perfomance improved with each repetition.演出每演一场都有改进。
- This degree of repetition is not found in any known language.这种重复程度在任何已知语言中都不曾出现。
- Owing to engine trouble,the plane had to make a forced landing.由于发动机出了毛病，飞机不得不进行迫降。
- When are we landing?我们什么时候着陆？