新视野大学英语读写教程词汇 第一册 unit08 b
时间：2018-12-04 作者：英语课 分类：新视野大学英语读写教程词汇 第一册
<MUSIC>sound/unit08_newwords_b.mp3</MUSIC>
<TITLE>New Words</TITLE>
||<1> <em>creativity</em> |n. |[U] the ability to create new ideas or things |创造力
||||A good teacher can encourage students' creativity. |好老师能够激发学生的创造力。
||||This exercise can encourage creativity in the use of language. |这类练习可以激发运用语言的创造力。
||<2>chill|v.|make or become cold |（使） 变冷；冷藏
||||The freezing weather chilled me to the bone. |寒冷的天气使我感到冰冷刺骨。
||||I put some beer in the icebox to chill. |我放了些啤酒到冰箱里冷藏。
|||n.|[sing.] a feeling of coldness |寒冷；寒意
||||The sound of his boots precedes him and he brings a rush of morning chill in. |随着靴子声他进了屋, 带进一阵清晨的寒气。
||||Please, turn on the heater to rid us of this chill. |请把暖气打开, 帮我们赶走寒气。
|@|<3>dip|vt.|put sth. into a liquid and lift it out again |蘸，浸
||||She dipped her hand in the sea to find out how cold it was. |她把手放入海水中, 想感觉一下它有多凉。
||||The painter dipped his brush into the paint. |画家拿画笔蘸颜料。
|@|<4>applaud|v.|express good opinion or favor by clapping one's hands |拍手，喝彩；称赞
||||Everyone applauded when the play ended. |演出结束时, 大家都热烈鼓掌。
||||They have been applauded for their decision to close the small paint factory. |他们决定关闭这座小印染厂，得到了大家的赞扬。
|@|<5>remark|vt.|say sth., esp. about sth. one has just noticed |评论；谈论
||||He remarked that we shouldn't be late again. |他说我们不应该再迟到了。
||||As he often remarked, one is never too old to learn. |正如他一向所说的那样, 一个人要活到老学到老。
|||n.|[C] a comment |评论；谈论
||||It's impolite to make remarks on others' personal affairs. |对别人的私事说三道四是不礼貌的。
||||I didn't agree with his closing remarks. |我对他的闭幕词不太赞同。
|@|<6>decade|n.|[C] a period of ten years |十年
||||The habit accompanied him for decades. |这个习惯伴随了他数十年。
||||Prices have risen continuously during the past decade. |在过去的10年里，物价一直在上涨。
|@|<7>convince|vt.|make sb. feel certain that sth. is true |使确信，使信服
||||You don't have to convince me you're right. |你不必说服我相信你是对的。
||||It took many hours to convince the judge of his guilt. |花费了许多小时法官才相信他有罪。
|@|<8>capacity|n.|1. [C, U] one's ability to do sth. |才能，能力
||||This book is within the capacity of young readers. |这本书年轻读者可以读懂。
||||They have improved their organization and fighting capacity. |他们提高了组织能力和战斗力。
||||2. [sing.] the ability to hold or contain sth. |容量，容积
||||This room has a seating capacity of 100 people. |这个房间可坐100人。
||||The university decided to increase the capacity of the lecture hall. |学校决定扩大演讲厅的容纳力。
||<9>impulse|n.|[C] a sudden wish to do sth. |冲动；刺激
||||a man of impulse |易冲动的人
||||She bought the dress on impulse. |她一时冲动买了这件衣服。
|@|<10>potential|n.|[U] qualities that exist and can be developed |潜力，潜能
||||She shows potential as a teacher. |她表现出当教师的潜在能力。
||||He reached his full potential as a composer. |作为一名作曲家，他已充分发挥了自己的潜能。
|||a.|likely to happen or become so, although not actually existing at present |潜在的
||||The hole in the road is a potential danger. |路上的坑是个潜在的危险。
||||Education develops potential abilities. |教育能开发人的潜能。
||<11>reservoir|n.|1. [C] a large amount of sth. that is available and has not yet been used |贮藏，蓄积
||||Colleges are a reservoir of talents for companies. |大学是公司的人才储备库。
||||She found she had a reservoir of unexpected strength. |她发现自己身上蓄积了意想不到的力量。
||||2. [C] |水库
||||If it rains heavily, the reservoir will overflow. |如果下大雨，水库里的水就会溢出来。
||<12>concrete|a.|definite and specific |具体的
||||He supported his idea with concrete examples. |他用具体例子来说明他的观点。
||||Have you any concrete plans about how to deal with these difficulties? |对怎样解决这些困难,你有没有什么具体的计划?
||<13>capture|vt.|1. catch sb. or sth. |捕获，捕捉
||||The criminal was captured when trying to escape from the city. |罪犯在企图逃离这座城市时被捕获。
||||In his traveling report, he tried to capture the beauty of the Great Waterfalls. |他努力在他的游记中记录下大瀑布的壮美。
||||2. seize; occupy |夺得；占领
||||The army fought its way down and captured many enemy camps. |部队长驱直入, 攻下许多敌军军营。
||||The town was captured after a siege lasting ten days. |小镇被围10天后沦陷了。
||<14> <em>fleeting|a.|passing quickly; not lasting long |飞逝的；短暂的
||||the fleeting hours |飞逝的时光
||||Youth is so fleeting. |青春是如此的短暂。
||<15>carriage|n.|[C] |四轮马车
||||The queen rode in a decorated carriage pulled by four white horses. |女王乘一辆由四匹白马拉着的华丽马车。
||||The passenger wagons were not going into town for another half hour, so I hired a carriage and went in myself. |半小时内没有客车进城, 我只能雇一辆马车, 自己前往。
||<16>scarcely|ad.|1. only a moment ago |仅仅；才
||||The meeting had scarcely begun when it was interrupted. |会议刚开始就被打断了。
||||Scarcely had he arrived home when it began to rain. |他一回到家就开始下雨了。
||||2. almost not; hardly |几乎不
||||He scarcely goes to cinema. |他几乎不去看电影。
||||I scarcely knew what to do next. |我简直不知道下一步该做什么。
|@|<17>awake|v.|(awoke, awoken) wake up or make sb. wake up |（使）醒来；唤醒
||||A loud noise awoke me in the middle of the night. |夜半时分, 一声巨响将我惊醒。
||||He awoke to find himself alone in the room. |他醒来时发现房内只有他自己。
|@|<18>recall|v.|bring back to memory; remember |回想，回忆起
||||David recalled an incident that took place in his hometown some 12 years before. |戴维回想起大约12年前发生在自己家乡的一桩事情。
||||I recall that on at least one occasion I saw him taking money from the office. |我想起至少有一次我看见他从办公室里拿走钱。
||<19>fortunately</em> |ad. |by good chance; luckily |幸运地
||||Fortunately, the train was on time. |幸好火车按时到达。
||||Fortunately, this has not happened. |幸运的是，这一情况并没有发生。
||<20>sketch|v.|make a quick or simple drawing or painting |勾画，绘草图
||||He sketched the cat. |他给猫画了个速写。
||||He grabbed a piece of paper and quickly sketched the bird before it flew away. |他抓起一张纸，赶在那只鸟飞走前把它画了下来。
||<21>fertile|a.|1. (of a person's mind) inventive; full of new ideas |（思想、创意等） 丰富的
||||He is a child with a fertile imagination. |他是个有丰富的想象力的孩子。
||||Ideas appear one after another in her fertile mind. |她想象力丰富，头脑里想法层出不穷。
||||2. (of land) able to produce good crops |（土地）肥沃的，富饶的
||||The land is fertile of wheat. |这片土地盛产小麦。
||||A large area of desert was reclaimed to return to fertile soil in the northwest. |西北地区有一大片沙漠经过改良变成了肥沃的土地。
|@|<22>advantage|n.|[C, U] a good quality or condition |优势；有利条件
||||She has an obvious advantage because of her fluent English. |她说一口流利的英语，所以有明显的优势。
||||His teaching experience gives him an advantage over other applicants. |他的教学经历使他比别的求职者有优势。
|@|<23>productive|a.|1. achieving a lot |有收益的，富有成效的
||||Talks to end the strike had not been very productive. |旨在结束罢工的谈判没有取得什么成果。
||||I spent a productive hour in the library. |我在图书馆的一个小时很有收获。
||||2. producing or able to produce goods or crops, esp. in large quantities |多产的
||||a productive writer |多产作家
||||They have found ways to make more productive use of agricultural land. |他们找到了使农业用地更多产的方法。
|@|<24>disturb|vt.|interrupt sb. or make sb. worried or upset |打扰；妨碍； 使烦恼
||||He told his secretary that he was not to be disturbed. |他吩咐秘书不要让人打搅他。
||||Don't disturb him when he is reading. |他看书时别打扰他。
||<25> <em>undisturbed</em> |a. |not being disturbed |未受打扰 (或妨碍) 的
||||The author went up into the mountains where he could finish writing his novel undisturbed. |作者住进了山区，那里他可以不受干扰地写完小说。
||||Local homeowners are soundly asleep in the early morning, undisturbed by the loud frogs. |当地的房主人清晨沉睡，未受蛙鸣的打搅。
|@|<26>associate|n.|[C] a partner or colleague |合作人；同事
||||business associates |商业合作伙伴
||||The police caught the thief and his associates. |警察抓住了那个小偷和他的同伙。
|@|<27>invent|vt.|make or produce a new thing or idea for the first time |发明，创造
||||He invented an electronic instrument that gives an alarm when an intruder comes in. |他发明的电子仪器能在有人闯入时发出警报声。
||||I began to invent reasons for staying away from work. |我开始为自己旷工编造理由。
||<28> <em>inventor</em> |n. |[C] a person who invents sth. |发明者，发明家
||||Alexander Graham Bell is the inventor of the telephone. |亚力山大·格雷厄姆·贝尔是电话的发明者。
||||Freud is the inventor of psychoanalysis. |弗洛伊德是精神分析学说的创立者。
|@|<29>claim|vt.|state to be true, even though not proved |声称；自称
||||He claimed that he hadn't done it, but I didn't believe him. |他声称没有做这件事, 可是我不相信他。
||||People who fish and sail sometimes claim to have seen monsters in the sea. |渔夫和水手有时会声称在海上看到过妖怪。
||<30>engineering|n.|[U] the work involved in designing and building roads, bridges, machines, etc. |工程
||||biochemical engineering |生化工程
||||electrical engineering |电气工程
|@|<31>string|n.|[C, U] a strong thread, esp. used for tying things up |细绳
||||The packet was tied with string. |这个包裹是用绳子捆着的。
|■|<32>pliers|n.|(pl.) |钳子
||||When the knob on the television was lost, we had to use a pair of pliers to change the channel. |当电视旋钮丢失后，我们只能用钳子来换频道。
||||His teeth were extracted with pliers and he suffered a lot. |他的牙齿是用钳子拔掉的，痛得要命。
|@|<33>motion|n.|[U] the act of moving from one place or position to another |运动
||||You must not get out of the car when it is in motion. |汽车行驶的时候千万不能下车。
|@★|<34>pendulum|n.|[C] |钟摆
||||a pendulum with a 3-inch swing |摆幅为3英寸的钟摆
||||A pendulum is dangling from the ceiling. |从屋顶上垂下个大钟摆。
|@|<35>swing|v.|(swung, swung) move back and forth or from one side to another from a fixed point |摇摆，摆动
||||the swinging of the pendulum |钟摆的摆动
||||The boy swung on the swing. |这个男孩荡秋千。
|@|<36>context|n.|1. [C, U] the general conditions in which sth. takes place |(事情发生的) 环境，背景
||||Considering the historical context, such events were not surprising. |考虑到当时的历史背景，发生那样的事情并不让人吃惊。
||||In the context of the present economic crisis it seems unwise to lower government dues. |在目前经济危机的情况下，降低税金似乎是不明智的。
||||2. [C, U] words that come before and after a word, phrase, statement, etc. |上下文
||||Can you tell the meaning of this word from its context? |你能根据上下文判断出这个词的意思吗？
||||The context is important for understanding the meaning of a word. |上下文对理解词义很重要。
|@|<37>transfer|v.|move from one place or job to another |转移；调动
||||His employer transferred him to another branch. |老板把他调到了另一个分公司。
||||He has transferred from the army to the navy. |他从陆军转到海军。
|@|<38>principle|n.|[C] a basic truth, law, or theory |原则；原理
||||It is a principle of mine to help people when I can. |我的一个原则是尽可能地给人以帮助。
||||A bicycle and a motorcycle are built on the same principle, though they use different types of power. |虽然自行车和摩托车使用的动力不同，但它们的构造原理是相同的。
|@|<39>enhance|vt.|improve |提高，增强
||||These measures can enhance the quality of our life. |这些措施可以提高我们的生活质量。
||||Health enhances beauty. |健康使人显得更美。
||<40>vitamin|n.|[C] |维生素
||||vitamin C |维生素C
||||Recommended diets include more vitamins and minerals. |推荐的食谱包括更多的维生素和矿物质。
||<41>therapy|n.|[C, U] the treatment of illness |治疗
||||The therapy involves getting the patient to tell the doctor about his early childhood. |治疗过程包括让病人告诉医生自己年幼时的情况。
||||This child is very disturbed emotionally and may require long-term therapy. |这小孩情绪非常不稳定, 可能需要长期治疗。
||<42>novel|a.|not like anything known before; new |新颖的，新奇的
||||I spent six months living in a tiny village in northern India, which was a novel experience. |我在印度北部的一个小村子里住过6个月，这对我来说是全新的体验。
||||He has come up with a novel way of catching fish. |他提出了一个捕鱼的新方法。
||<43> <em>potentially</em> |ad. |possibly true in the future, but not true now |可能地；潜在地
||||Their difference in interests is a potentially serious threat to their marriage. |他们的兴趣差异对他们的婚姻是个潜在的严重威胁。
||||Smoking is a potentially harmful habit. |吸烟是个有潜在危害的习惯。
||<44>fascinating|v.|extremely interesting |迷人的；有吸引力的
||||Shanghai is one of the most fascinating cities in the world. |上海是世界上最迷人的城市之一。
||||It was a fascinating painting, with clever use of color and light. |这是一幅吸引人的绘画，色彩和光线的使用都十分巧妙。
<TITLE>Phrases and Expressions</TITLE>
||<45>right away|at once; without delay |立刻
|||I am going there right away. |我现在就到那里去。
|||I have something to say to you right away. |我有话要马上跟你说。
||<46>act on / upon|act according to |依照...行动
|||The lawyer will act on your instructions. |律师会按照您的吩咐行事。
|||The group acted upon the statements the researchers made. |这个小组是按照研究人员的建议行事的。
||<47>come one's way|occur so that one has it or gets it |发生在某人身上；可以被某人利用
|||Take advantage of the opportunities coming your way. |有机会时要好好利用它。
|||I'm waiting for a big break to come my way. |我希望好运降临在我身上。
||<48>fall asleep|go into a state of sleep |睡着
|||He fell asleep soon after he turned off the light. |他关上灯很快就睡着了。
|||Her three-year-old daughter fell asleep while we talked. |我们谈话时她3岁的女儿睡着了。
||<49>take advantage of|1. make use of |利用
|||I took advantage of the moment to leave the room. |我利用这个时机离开了屋子。
|||The students took advantage of the fine weather to play tennis. |学生们利用好天气打网球。
|||2. treat sb. unfairly in order to get sth. |（不公正地）利用某人
|||The thief took advantage of her innocence. |小偷利用了她的天真。
|||The robber took advantage of the old woman's kindness by cheating her to open the door. |那个抢劫犯利用老人的善良骗她打开门。
||<50>bring sb. together|arrange for people to meet and do sth. together |使聚在一起；使联合
|||We brought the researchers together to finish the project. |我们将研究人员聚在一起完成这项工程。
|||The event is unique in bringing together people of common interest. |将志趣相投的人聚在一起实属难得。
||<51>lead to|cause sth. to happen |引发，导致
|||The driver's carelessness led to the accident. |驾驶员的粗心大意导致了这场车祸。
|||His ignorance led to his failure. |他失败是由于无知。
||<52>at once|at the same time; all at one time |同时
|||Don't eat and talk at once. |不要一边吃饭一边说话。
|||I can't do two things at once. |我不能同时做两件事情。
||<53>set (sth.) in motion|cause (sth.) to start moving or happening |使...运转起来 ；启动
|||Pull this handle to set the machine in motion. |拉动这个手柄就可以使机器运转起来。
|||The discovery set in motion a new round of searching for the missing boy. |那个发现开始了又一轮寻找失踪男孩的过程。
||<54>back and forth|going in one direction and then in the opposite direction |来回，前后
|||Someone was pacing back and forth behind the curtain. |有人在幕布后踱来踱去。
|||She walked back and forth along the shore of the sea, anxiously waiting for the fishing boats to return. |她沿着海岸走来走去, 焦急地等待着渔船的返回。
||<55>take up|start doing sth. as a habit, job, or interest |开始从事；对...产生兴趣
|||He took up art while at school. |他在学校时开始学习艺术。
|||When he left school he took up news writing. |他毕业后开始从事新闻写作。
<TITLE>Proper Names</TITLE>
||<56>Edison | |爱迪生（1847—1931，美国发明家）
||<57>Picasso | |毕加索（1881—1973，西班牙画家）
||<58>Shakespeare | |莎士比亚（1564—1616，英国戏剧家和诗人）
||<59>Ludwig van Beethoven | |路德维希·凡·贝多芬（1770—1827，德国作曲家）
||<60>Salvador Dali | |萨尔瓦多·达利（1904—1989，西班牙超现实主义画家）
||<61>Edwin Land | |埃德温·兰德（1909—1991，美国发明家，宝丽来相机的发明者）
||<62>Polaroid | |宝丽来相机
||<63>Santa Fe | |圣菲（美国新墨西哥州首府）