新视野大学英语读写教程词汇 第一册 unit09 b

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<TITLE>New Words</TITLE>

||<1>echo        |vi.|(of a sound) repeat because it hits a surface and returns |（声音）回响

||||The gunshot echoed through the valley.|枪声在山谷里回响。

||||His footsteps echoed in the empty hall.|他的脚步声在空荡荡的大厅内回响。

||        |n.|[C] a noise that is repeated because the sound hits a surface and returns |回音；回声

||||The echoes of his cries sounded in the cave for several seconds.|他的喊叫声在洞穴中回响了好几秒钟。

||||If you shout loudly, you'll hear the echo.|如果你大声喊, 你就能听到回声。

||<2>　<em>hallway</em> |n.|[C] a passage in a building or house that leads to many rooms |走廊；通道

||||He entered the hallway and stood uncertainly.|他进了走廊，迟疑不决地站着。

||||There was a staircase at the end of the hallway.|走廊尽头有一段楼梯。

||<3>await|vt.|wait or be ready for sb. or sth. |等候，等待

||||He is anxiously awaiting the result of the medical tests.|他焦急地等待着医学检测结果。

||||A lot of hard work awaits you at university.|大学里有许多艰苦工作等着你。

||<4>abortion 1|n.|1. [C] the removal of a developing baby in order to end a pregnancy 2 |堕胎；人工流产

||||habitual/threatened/ artificial abortion|习惯性/先兆性/人工流产

||||Some people believe that abortion is murder, but I can't decide.|一些人认为堕胎就是谋杀，不过我不能下结论。

||||2. [C] sth. that fails to develop, progress, or mature, as a design or project |失败；流产

||||The project was an abortion; it was abandoned before it could be put into action.|这个项目流产了，还未付诸行动就被弃用。

||||His plan proved an abortion.|他的计划夭折了。

||<5>database    |n.|[C] a large collection of data stored in a computer system that can be found easily |数据库

||||The company has a database of over 23,000 hotels that allow pets.|这公司有一个数据库，包含23,000多功能家允许带宠物的旅馆。

||||Online learning depends on many databases to monitor the process of learning.|网上学习依赖许多数据库来监控学习过程。

|@|<6>available   |a.|able to be got, used, etc. |能得到的；可利用的

||||The house I want to buy will be available in June.|我要买的房子将于六月份交房。

||||The manager tells us that he has only one apartment available now and the other one will be available next month.|经理说现在他手中只有一套住房可供使用，另一套要到下月才可使用。

||<7>　<em>indecision</em>  |n.|[U] the state of being unable to make a decision |迟疑不决

||||For weeks now the government has been paralyzed by indecision.|目前政府举棋不定，无法正常运转，这都好几周了。

||||We finally decided 3 to go abroad after years of indecision.|经过多年的踌躇，我们终于决定要去国外了。

|@|<8>ban |vt.|forbid, esp. by law |禁止；取缔

||||After the accident, he was banned from driving. |事故发生后，他被禁止驾车。

||||The government has banned the import of products from that country.|政府禁止进口该国产品。

|||n.|[C] an order banning sth. |禁令

||||The city has a ban on parking cars on this busy street.|市里禁止在这条繁忙街道上停车。

||||The union has imposed a ban on overtime 4.|工会禁止加班。

|@|<9>predict     |vt.|say sth. in advance |预言

||||Scientists still cannot predict when earthquakes will happen.|科学家依然不能预测地震在什么时候发生。

||||They predict that about twenty percent of the students will fail to pass the examination.|他们预计将有20%的学生考试不及格。

||<10>breakthrough|n.|[C] an important discovery that comes after a lot of hard work |突破；重大发现

||||Scientists have made a breakthrough in their treatment of that disease.|科学家在治疗这种疾病方面取得了突破。

||||The agreement represents a breakthrough in relations between the two countries.|此协议标志两国关系有突破。

|@|<11>fate|n.|[C] the things that happen to sb., esp. unpleasant events |命运；厄运

||||The company's fate is still uncertain.|这家公司的命运仍不明朗。

||||The fate of the hostages depends upon the release of the political prisoners.|人质的命运取决于政治犯是否获释。

|@|<12>host|vt.|provide the place and everything needed for an organized event |招待；接待；主办

||||Which country will host the next World Cup?|下一届世界杯将由哪国举办？

||||They also discussed an important proposal to host an international conference on global warming in England next year.|他们还讨论了一项重要提议，该提议提出明年由英国主办一次有关全球变暖的国际会议。

|||n.|1. [C] a person or organization that provides the place and everything needed for an organized event |主人；东道主

||||Nick's a perfect host; he always looks after his guests very well.|尼克是个称职的东道主, 他总是将客人照料得很好。

||||2. [C] sb. who introduces guests and programs, esp. on television or radio |主持人

||||She is a popular Chinese television show host.|她是很受欢迎的中文电视节目主持人。

||||Our host for tonight's show is Terry Wogan.|今晚演出的主持人是泰莉·沃根。

|@|<13>pose |vt.|ask a question |提问题

||||The events pose a challenge to the church's leadership.|这些事件对宗教领导提出了挑战。

||||You've posed us an awkward question.|你给我们出了个难题。

|||vi.|sit or stand in a particular position to be drawn 5, photographed, etc. |摆姿势

||||A group of fans wanted the star football player to pose for pictures.|一群球迷希望那位足球明星让他们拍照。

||||Before going into their meeting the six foreign ministers posed for photographs.|进去开会之前，六位外交部长站在一起拍了照。

|@|<14>instance   |n.|[C] an example of a particular situation |事例

||||There have been several instances of terrorists planting bombs in the city.|这个城市发生了几起恐怖分子放置炸弹的事件。

||||I usually support people who take such actions, but in this instance I have to condemn 6 them.|我通常支持采取这种行为的人，但这一次，我不得不谴责他们。

|@|<15>expert     |n.     |[C] sb. who is very good at or have special knowledge about sth. |专家

||||Experts generally agree that diet has an important bearing on one's general health.|专家们普遍都同意，日常饮食对人体全面健康有重要影响。

||||He's an expert in economics.|他是一位经济学专家。

|||a.     |having a special skill or special knowledge |熟练的；有经验的

||||an expert chemist|有经验的化学家

||||She is expert in/at/on teaching children.|她是儿童教育专家。

||<16>surgery    |n.|[U] medical operation |手术

||||Many lives have been saved by surgery.|外科手术拯救了很多人的生命。

||||Heart surgery is much more common these days than it was ten years ago.|现在心脏手术已比十年前常见多了。

||<17>naval 7|a.|relating to the navy |海军的

||||This map shows clearly where the naval ports are.|这张地图清楚地显示出军港的位置。

||||His orders were to protect the port from naval attack.|他的命令是保卫这港口不受海上攻击。

||<18>aircraft   |n. |[C] (pl. aircraft) a plane or other vehicle that can fly |飞机；飞行器

||||The return flight of the aircraft was delayed.|飞机的返程飞行被推迟了。

||||At least three military aircraft were destroyed.|至少有三架军用飞机被摧毁。

|@|<19>target|vt.    |aim at sb. or sth. |瞄准；以...为目标

||||In 23 attacks, the enemy troops targeted military bases.|有23次袭击敌军瞄准的是军事基地。

||||The campaign will target insurance companies.|这次运动的目标是保险公司。

|||n.     |[C] sth. one tries to achieve; a goal |目标

||||The target of our inquiry 8 was to discover what had actually happened.|我们调查的目标是要弄清楚究竟发生了什么。

||||The company will reach its target of 12% growth this year.|公司今年将实现增长12%的目标。

||<20>　<em>spoonful</em>   |n.|[C] the amount that a spoon will hold |一匙的量

||||three spoonfuls of brown sugar|三匙红糖

||||A woman bank cleaner was fired for "stealing" a spoonful of coffee and sugar.|一个女银行清洁工被开除了，因为她"偷"了一匙咖啡和糖。

|★|<21>navigation |n. |[U] the movement of a ship or an aircraft along a planned path |航空；航海

||||In the past, navigation depended largely on the position of the stars.|过去，航行在很大程度上依靠星星的位置。

||||The storms had caused difficulties in the navigation of the plane.|风暴造成飞机航行的困难。

|@|<22>numerous   |a.     |many |很多的

||||The professor used numerous papers to back up his statements.|那位教授用大量的文件来说明他的观点。

||||The library has numerous books, more than I had ever expected.|图书馆里有很多书，比我想象的还多。

||<23>fluent |a.|speaking or writing in a smooth and correct way |熟练的；流利的

||||He is fluent in five languages.|他能流利地讲五种语言。

||||Fluent readers seldom stop at an unknown word.|熟练的读者很少会因遇上生词而停顿下来。

|@|<24>mechanic   |n.|1. [U] (~s) the science that deals with the effects of forces on objects |力学；机械学

||||He has not studied mechanics or engineering.|他没学过力学或工程。

||||2. [C] a person who repairs or works with machines, esp. as a job |技工；机械师

||||The mechanic phoned to say your car was ready for collection.|汽车修理工来电话说你可以去取车了。

||||That's the mechanic who repaired my car.|那就是给我修汽车的机修工。

|@|<25>advertise  |v.|try to persuade people to buy sth. by announcing it in a newspaper or on TV |为...做广告

||||The job was advertised in the local newspapers.|那个职位的招聘广告登在本地的报纸上。

||||Are lawyers allowed to advertise their services?|允许律师为他们的业务登广告吗？

||<26>　<em>advertising 9</em> |n. |[U] the activity or business of advertising |广告；广告业

||||This campaign is one of the most successful in the history of advertising.|这次活动是广告史上最为成功的活动之一。

||||Its advertising is devastatingly 10 successful.|它的广告做得极为成功。

||<27>waken      |v.|wake up or make sb. wake up |唤醒；醒来

||||I shook him but he didn't waken.|我摇了摇他，但他没有醒过来。

||||I was wakened by their shouts.|他们的叫喊声把我吵醒了。

|@|<28>enormous   |a. |extremely large |巨大的，庞大的

||||In that area the number of houses is still relatively 11 modest, and the distances are not enormous.|在那个地区房屋数量仍然不多，相互间距离也不大。

||||That event gave you enormous mood swings, which nobody told me about.|那件事让你情绪起伏极大，却没人对我提起这个。

||<29>　<em>enormously</em> |ad.|very or very much |很，非常

||||Countries vary enormously in their supply of early education programs.|在提供早期教育的规划问题上，国与国之间大不相同。

||||I was hot, as if I were standing 12 under an enormously powerful sun.|我很热，就像站在威力巨大的太阳下。

||<30>　<em>oversleep</em>  |vi.|(overslept, overslept) sleep for longer than one intended |睡过头

||||He avoided the medication, because it caused him to oversleep.|他避免用药，因为用药会使他睡过头。

||||Why are you so late? Did you oversleep again?|为什么迟到这么久？是不是又睡过头了？

|@|<31>survey     |n.|1. [C] a general description or report about a particular subject or situation |概况

||||a survey of fashion trends|时尚趋势概述

||||a survey of modern Chinese literature|中国现代文学概况

||||2. [C] an act of finding out information about sth. |调查；研究

||||A survey of public opinion is carried out by a group of experts in political science.|一组政治学方面的专家对舆论进行了调查。

||||A survey shows that students today have more assignments to do.|调查表明现在学生的作业量增加了。

|||vt.|ask a lot of people questions in order to find out their attitudes or opinions |调查

||||Have the house surveyed before you buy it.|买房子之前要找人对它作一次鉴定。

||||The mayor surveyed the situation before taking action.|市长在采取行动之前对情况作了调查。

||<32>　<em>best-selling</em>       |a.     |well sold |畅销的

||        ||The store was stocked with award-winning novels by best-selling authors.|商店存有畅销书作家写的获奖小说。

||        ||The best-selling series of books was promoted for young children, but was not very appropriate for anyone under 18.|他们向儿童促销畅销系列书，但这些书对于18岁以下的人不是太适合。

||<33>filmmaker  |n.|[C] sb. who produces or directs a film |制片人；导演

||||My favorite filmmaker is Zhang Yimou.|我最喜欢的导演是张艺谋。

||||Much more than a filmmaker, he told stories that had genuine popular appeal. |他不光是一个制片人，还讲故事，那些故事很有吸引力。

||<34>prosperous|a.|rich and successful |富裕的；繁荣的

||||She was the daughter of a prosperous banker.|她是一个富有的银行家的女儿。

||||It's hard to believe that in this prosperous country, hunger could be a serious problem.|很难相信在这个富裕的国家里, 饥饿会成为一个严重的问题。

|@|<35>involve |vt.|1. take active part in a particular activity |积极参与

||||Try to involve as many children as possible in the game.|尽量让尽可能多的孩子参与这个游戏。

||||2. include sth.|包含；包括；需要

||||If their forces were not involved, then who is to blame?|如果他们的人员并没有卷入进来，那该由谁负责呢？

||||Accepting the job involves leaving home.|接受这份工作就得离家在外。

<TITLE>Phrases and Expressions</TITLE>

||<36>catch phrase   |a short phrase that many people know because a famous person often says it |流行语；口头禅

||    |coin a catch phrase|撰出一句流行语

||<37>drop out   |leave an activity, school, etc. before it has finished|中途退出；辍学

|||Some successful people managed to gain fame and fortune even though they dropped out of school.|有些成功人士虽然曾中途辍学，但后来还是事业有成，名利双收。

|||The criminal was an 18-year-old inner-city kid who dropped out of high school.|罪犯是个18岁的孩子，来自内城区，高中辍学。

||<38>figure out |succeed in solving or understanding sth. |想出；理解；明白

|||It took them a whole day to figure out how to start the equipment.|他们花了整整一天才琢磨出如何启用这台设备。

|||Try to figure out what feeling underlies 13 your anger.|要尽力弄明白你怒火之下的感受。

||<39>would rather... than...  |prefer to do or have sth. |宁愿...不愿...

||    |We would rather have no help at all than continue to do that. |我们宁愿完全得不到援助也不愿再继续干下去。

||    |He would rather lose his job than give up his principles.|他宁愿失去工作也不放弃自己的原则。

||<40>care about |be concerned about |关心

|||We teased him because all he cared about was birds.|我们奚落他一心牵挂着鸟儿。

|||I'm curious to see if there really is another person in this world you care about.|我很想看看在这个世界上是否还真有另外一个人让你牵挂。

||<41>as to      |concerning sb. or sth. |至于；关于

|||As to me, I totally agree with her.|至于我，我完全同意她的观点。

|||There is some doubt as to whether the information is totally accurate.|关于消息是否完全准确存有一些怀疑。

||<42>page through   |look at a book, magazine, etc. by turning the pages quickly |翻看；浏览

||    |Seth was paging through a book.|塞思正翻看着一本书。

||    |My son was busy paging through the brochure for George Washington University.|我儿子正忙着翻阅乔治·华盛顿大学的宣传册。

||<43>end up     |be in a particular situation or place after a series of events |以...结束；最终达到

|||You end up as just a footnote in his autobiography 14.|在他的自传里，你最后只不过是个无足轻重的人物而已。

|||He didn't want to end up a mean and ignorant man like his father.|他不想最终成为像他父亲那样一个吝啬无知的人。

||<44>as long as |if  |只要

|||It's acceptable as long as it's not too dangerous.|只要不是太危险，这是可以接受的。

|||You can look as long as you don't touch.|只要你不触摸，看看还是可以的。

||<45>do with    |used for saying how sb. uses sth. |利用；处置

|||I don't know what to do with this strange object.|我不知道这怪东西怎么用。

|||What are you doing to do with the robber? |你打算怎样处置那个抢劫犯？

<TITLE>Proper Names</TITLE>

||<46>Elkins      | |埃尔金斯（人名）

||<47>Albertson        | |艾伯森（人名）

||<48>Jacqueline Susann| |杰奎琳·苏珊（1918—1974，美国作家）

||<49>David Janssen    | |戴维·简森（1931—1980，美国演员）