新视野大学英语读写教程词汇 第一册 unit07 b

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<TITLE>New Words</TITLE>

|@|<1>handle      |n.|[C] the part of sth. that one holds when using it |柄，把手

||| |She turned the handle and opened the door. |她转了一下把手，开了门。

||| |The handle on this door is rather stiff. |这门上的把手很不灵活。

||        |vt. |deal with or control |处理，处置

||| |This port handles 100 million tons of goods each year. |这港口每年要处理1亿吨货物。

||| |I have a problem at work and I really don't know how to handle it. |我工作上遇到了一个问题，真不知如何来处理它。

||<2>bullet|n. |[C] |子弹

||| |The bullet hit her in the arm. |子弹射中了她的手臂。

|@|<3>advocate    |vt.|publicly support a particular policy or way of doing things |主张，拥护，提倡

||| |The minister advocated a change of the tax laws. |这位部长主张修改税法。

||| |She advocates taking a more long-term view. |她主张要有更长远的观点。

||        |n.|[C] sb. who publicly supports sb. or sth. |拥护者，提倡者

||| |She has always been an advocate of changes to the current educational system. |她一贯主张对目前的教育体制进行改革。

||| |He's a strong advocate of state ownership of the railways. |他是铁路国有化的坚决拥护者。

|@|<4>ignorance |n.|[U] lack of information or knowledge |无知，不知

||| |The mistake was due to her ignorance. |这个错误是由于她的无知造成的。

||| |His comments showed his total ignorance of the event. |他的评论表明他对此事件毫不了解。

||<5>statistics  |n.|1.(pl.) a group of numbers that represent facts or describe a situation |统计；统计数据

||| |Statistics show that 90 percent of homes in this country have a television. |统计资料表明这个国家百分之九十的家庭拥有电视机。

||| |Recent statistics support the professor's opinion. |最近的统计数据支持那位教授的观点。

||        ||2.[sing.] the science of collecting and examining numbers for patterns |统计学

||| |Statistics is a branch of mathematics. |统计学是数学的一个分支。

||| |Did you take statistics at college? |你上大学时学统计学了吗？

|@|<6>previous |a.|coming or happening before or earlier |以前的，先前的

||| |Do you have previous experiences in this type of work? |你以前有过从事这类工作的经历吗？

||| |This issue has been discussed at length in the previous chapter. |这个问题已经在上一章中详细地讨论过了。

||<7>　<em>previously 1</em> |ad.  |before now or before a particular time |以前，先前（地）

||| |I had previously worked in Italy and Spain. |我移居法国前，曾在意大利和西班牙工作过。

||| |She was previously employed as a tour guide. |她此前曾是导游。

|@|<8>violence  |n.|[U] behavior that is intended to hurt other people physically 2 |暴力（行为）

||| |Never use violence against children. |千万不要对儿童实施暴力行为。

||| |There is too much violence on TV these days. |现在电视上有关暴力的内容太多。

|@|<9>violent|a. |involving actions that are intended to injure or kill people |暴力的

||| |The strike led to violent conflicts. |罢工导致了暴力冲突。

||| |The increase in violent crime is troubling the authorities. |暴力犯罪的上升使当局很头痛。

|@|<10>affect|vt.|1. influence or cause sb. or sth. to change in a particular way |影响

||| |Her personal problems seem to be affecting her work. |她个人方面的问题似乎正影响着她的工作。

||| |Loud music can affect your hearing. | 喧闹的音乐会影响你的听力。

||||2. have a strong effect on sb.'s emotion |打动；使感动

||| |The sight affected 3 her to tears. |此情此景使她感动得流泪。

||| |We were all deeply affected by her death. |她的死对我们震动很大。

|@|<11>transport  |vt.|move sb. or sth. from one place to another |运送，搬运

||| |The goods were transported by air. |这些货物是空运的。

||| |Such heavy items are expensive to transport by plane. |这么重的东西空运很贵。

||<12>residence  |n.|[C] a person's home; a large house of sb. important |住处，住宅；公馆

||| |The red building is a private residence. |那栋红楼是私人住宅。

||| |The official residence of the Queen is Buckingham Palace. |白金汉宫是女王的官邸。

|@|<13>intend |vt.|1. plan, mean, or make sth. for a particular person or purpose |（为...而）准备，打算使...成为

||| |You shouldn't have read that letter; it wasn't intended for you. |你不该读那封信的，那信不是写给你的。

||| |This dictionary is intended for international learners of English. |这本词典是专为学习英语的外国学生编的。

||||2. plan or mean to do sth. |想要，打算，计划

||| |I spent more money than I had intended. |我花的钱已超过我原来的计划了。

||| |I intended to call but I completely forgot. |我原打算打电话的，可忘了个一干二净。

|@|<14>injure     |vt.|harm or hurt sb. |伤害，损害

||| |David was badly injured in the accident. |戴维在事故中伤得很重。

||| |She fell and injured her shoulder. |她摔倒了，伤了肩膀。

|@|<15>confront|vt.|1. face sb. or sth. unpleasant, difficult, etc. |使面对

||| |When the teacher confronted Tommy with the facts, he admitted it. |当这位教师把证据摆在汤米面前时，他坦白了。

||| |We try to help people confront their problems. |我们试图帮助人们去面对自己的问题。

||||2. (of problems, difficulty, etc.) appear and need to be dealt with |面临，遭遇

||| |The problems confronting us are hard to handle. |我们面临的困难很难解决。

||| |He was confronted with the biggest crisis in his political life. |他面临着政治生涯中最大的危机。

|@|<16>imagination|n.  |1. [U] sth. only existing or happening in one's mind |想象；幻觉

||| |Did you hear that noise, or was it my imagination? |你听到那声音了没有？还是我的幻觉？

||| |The problem was all in your imagination. |问题都是你想象出来的。

|||  |2. [C, U] the ability to form pictures or ideas in one's mind |想象力

||| |Children often have vivid imaginations. |孩子们常常有生动的想象力。

||| |Try to make full use of your imagination when designing the building. |设计大楼时一定要充分发挥你的想象力。

||<17>reality    |n.|[C, U] what actually happens or is true |现实，实际

||| |We had hoped that things would get easy but the reality was very different. |我们曾希望事情会变得容易些，可现实却截然不同。

||| |What we should do is face reality. |我们所要做的就是面对现实。

||<18>apartment  |n. |[C] (esp. AmE) a set of rooms for living in |一套房间；公寓套房

||| |I'll give you the keys to my apartment. |我会给你我公寓的钥匙。

||| |She lives in a small apartment. |她住在一套很小的公寓里。

|@|<19>intention|n.     |[C, U] what sb. intends to do |意图，打算，目的

||| |Our intention was to leave early in the morning. |我们打算早上早点走。

||| |I've got no intention of staying indoors on a nice sunny day like this. |像这样一个阳光明媚的日子，我根本不打算呆在屋里。

||<20>　<em>intentionally 4</em> |ad.    |on purpose |故意地，有意地

||| |I can't believe the boys broke the windows intentionally. |我相信这些男孩不是故意打碎窗玻璃的。

||| |I didn't ignore her intentionally—I just didn't recognize her. |我不是故意不理她的，我就是没有认出她。

|@|<21>omit |vt.|not include sb. or sth. |省略，遗漏

||| |You can omit the last two sentences of the passage. |你可以把这篇文章的最后两句话省去。

||| |Please don't omit any details. |请不要漏掉任何细节。

|@|<22>dominate  |v. |have control over a place or a person, or be the most important person or thing |支配，统治；在...中占首要地位

||| |These two questions dominated the discussion. |在讨论中这两个问题占首要地位。

||| |The tree, which had grown too large, dominated the little garden. |这棵树长得太大了，独占了这个小庭园。

||<23>　<em>dominating</em> |a.   |controlling or having a lot of influence over sb. or sth. |有支配力的，有影响力的

||| |She was certainly a dominating figure. |她当然是一个有影响力的人物。

||| |The boy was brought up by his mother, who had a dominating influence in his life. |这男孩是由他母亲养育大的，他母亲对他的一生有很大的影响。

||<24>Negro      |n.  |[C] (offensive) a black person |黑人

||| |The Negro is not someone to be laughed at. |黑人不是被取笑的。

||| |Black people now would rather be called black than Negro. |黑人现在宁愿被称为black，而不是Negro。

||<25>gas        |n.|[U] (AmE, also  gasoline) the liquid that is used as fuel for motor vehicles |汽油

||| |There is a gas station near the school. |学校附近有一个加油站。

||| |I'll stop and get some gas—we're running low. |我得停下加点油，油快用完了。

||<26>cashier    |n. |[C] sb. whose job is to receive or give money in a shop, bank, etc. |出纳员，收银员

||| |She was once a cashier. |她曾经当过出纳员。

||| |The cashier made a mistake and the manager scolded her in public. |出纳员出了差错，经理当众责备了她。

|@|<27>reveal|vt.|make sth. known; show |揭示，展现；使显露

||| |All their secrets have been revealed. |他们所有的秘密都被揭露了。

||| |He revealed that he had been in prison twice before. |他透露他以前蹲过两次牢。

|@|<28>anxiety    |n. |[C, U] a feeling of worry or fear |焦虑，担忧

||| |There are anxieties over the effects of job losses. |人们对失业的影响感到忧心忡忡。

||| |Children normally feel a lot of anxiety about their first day of school. |孩子们对第一天上学通常会感到焦虑。

||<29>automobile 5 |n. |[C] (also auto) a car |汽车

||| |The automobile industry has developed very rapidly in this country. |这个国家的汽车制造业发展得很快。

||| |There are several second-hand 6 automobile dealers 7 in the city. |这个城市有好几个二手汽车经销商。

||<30>automatic  |a.|1. (of an action) done without thinking or like a machine |不加思索的；机械的

||| |She knew the lesson so well that her answers were automatic. |她对这一课极为熟悉，能够不假思索随口回答问题。

||| |My automatic response was to pull my hand away. |我下意识的反应就是把手拿开。

||        ||2. (of a machine) that can work by itself |自动的

||        ||automatic doors |自动门

||| |He bought an automatic washing machine yesterday. |他昨天买了 一台自动洗衣机。

||<31>　<em>automatically</em> |ad.    |1. without thinking about what is being done |不加思索地，无意识地

||| |"Of course," I replied automatically. |“当然啰”，我不加思索地答道。

||| |You cannot automatically assume that everything your teacher says is correct. |你不能不加思索地认为你老师说的一切都是对的。

||        ||2. by the action of a machine, without a person making it work |自动地

||| |The light will come on automatically when it gets dark.|天一黑，灯就会自动亮起来。

||| |The doors opened automatically.|门自动地打开了。

|@|<32>disgust    |vt.|make sb. feel annoyed or upset about sth. |使（某人）反感，使厌恶

||| |His rudeness disgusted us. |他的粗鲁使我们很反感。

||| |Many parents claimed to be disgusted by the amount of violence in the film. |许多家长声称他们对这部电影中的大量暴力感到厌恶。

|★|<33>confrontation 8     |n.|[C, U] a situation in which people or groups are arguing angrily or fighting |对抗，冲突

||| |Two people were killed and several wounded in the armed confrontation. |在武装冲突中死了两个人，伤了好几个。

||| |She wanted to avoid another confrontation with her father. |她想避免再次与父亲发生冲突。

|@|<34>guilty     |a. |1. feeling ashamed and sorry because one has done sth. wrong |内疚的；愧疚的

||| |I feel really guilty about not having written to you for so long.  |我这么长时间没给你写信了，感到十分内疚。

||| |I feel so guilty about forgetting her birthday. |我忘了她的生日，感到很内疚。

||        ||2. having done sth. that is a crime |有罪的；犯罪的

||| |She was found guilty of murder in the first degree. |她被发现犯有一级谋杀罪。

||| |The jury has to decide whether a person is guilty or innocent of a crime. |陪审团必须决定一个人是有罪还是无罪的。

|★|<35>guilt 9      |n.|1. [U] the feeling of having done sth. wrong |内疚

||| |She felt terrible guilt at the way she had behaved. |她对自己过去的行为深感内疚。

||| |She had feelings of guilt about leaving her children and going to work. |她对离开孩子去工作有内疚感。

||        ||2. [U] the fact that one has broken a law |罪，犯罪

||| |His guilt was not proved and so he went free.|无法证明他有罪，所以他被释放了。

||| |Both suspects admitted their guilt to the police. |两个嫌疑犯都向警察承认他们有罪。

||<36>bet |v.|(bet, bet) |

|| ||1. risk money on the result of a race, game, match, or a future event |以（钱、物等）打赌

||| |I'll bet you $100 that you can't do it. |我与你赌100美元，你干不了这件事。

||| |She bet ￡50,000 on the horse, which came in second. |她下了5万英镑赌那匹马赢，结果那匹马跑了第二。

||||2. be very certain |确信，敢说

||| |I bet I can run faster than you. |我敢说我能跑得比你快。

||| |I bet you (that) she's missed the bus. |我敢说她没赶上公交车。

||<37>gasoline|n.|(=gas) |汽油

||| |After the war, everything cost more: gasoline, buses, hotel accommodations, and musicians' salaries. |战后什么花费都贵了：汽油、公交车、旅馆住宿、音乐演奏家的工资。

||| |Three hundred gallons of gasoline were loaded today. |今天加了300加仑的汽油。

<TITLE>Phrases and Expressions</TITLE>

||<38>be immune to   |be not affected by |不受...影响的，对...有免疫力的

||    |Most adults are immune to this disease. |大部分成年人对这种疾病有免疫力。

||    |The press had criticized her so often that in the end she was immune to it.|报纸经常批评她，到最后这些批评对她不起作用了。

||<39>believe in |consider sth. to be true; have faith or trust in |相信...的存在；信任

|||She used to say she didn't believe in marriage. |她过去常说她不相信婚姻。

|||I don't believe in miracles. |我不相信奇迹。

||<40>be capable of  |be able to |有能力（做）

||    |No one is capable of learning a foreign language within months. |谁也不可能在几个月内就学好一门外语。

||    |I think you are capable of doing the job. |我认为你有能力做这项工作。

||<41>be intended for |be provided or designed for a particular person or purpose |打算供...之用；为...而准备

||    |This course is intended for students interested in classical music. |这门课程是为对古典音乐感兴趣的学生开设的。

||    |The room is intended for the professor who will give a speech for us tomorrow.|这个房间是为明天要给我们作讲座的那位教授准备的。

||<42>hear of    |learn about; gain information about |听说，得知

|||We didn't hear of the news. |我们没听说过那个消息。

|||I've heard of him, but I've never read anything by him. |我听说过他，可是从来没有读过他写的任何东西。

||<43>at the sight of |when seeing |一看见

||    |She always faints at the sight of blood. |她一看见血就犯晕。

||    |He stopped at the sight of me. |他看到我就停了下来。

||<44>live with  |accept sth. unpleasant |忍受，容忍

|||Whether you like the new rule or not, you have to live with it. |无论你喜欢与否，你都得容忍这一新的规定。

|||You must live with the fact that you are no longer as strong as you were. |你得承认，你已经不像过去那样健壮了。

<TITLE>Proper Names</TITLE>

||<45>Claiborne| |克莱尔本街（地名）

||<46>Jackson    | |杰克逊街（地名）

||<47>Carlton    | |卡尔顿街（地名）

||<48>Tulane     | |图兰街（地名）