新视野大学英语读写教程词汇第一册 unit03 a

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　　|@|<1>lean|vi.|1. be against a wall or other surface |倚，靠

　　||||There is a ladder leaning against the wall. | 有一架梯子靠在墙上。

　　||||The old man leaning upon his stick at the gate is John's grandfather. | 那位在大门边倚着拐杖的老人是约翰的祖父。

　　||||2. bend in a certain direction |倾斜，倾向，偏向

　　||||Don't lean out of the window when the bus is moving. |公共汽车开出时，别把身子探出窗外。

　　||||Just lean forward for a moment, please. |请向前靠一会儿。

　　|@|<2>balance|n.|1. [U] mental or emotional calm |平静，镇静

　　||||She soon recovered her balance after she lost her temper. |她发脾气后不久就恢复了平静。

　　||||His wife helped him keep his balance during difficult times. |他的妻子在他困难时候帮助他保持沉着心态。

　　||||2. [U] a state in which all weights and forces are evenly spread so as not to fall |平衡，均衡

　　||||Horse riders need a good sense of balance. |骑马的人需要有良好的平衡感。

　　||||It's difficult to keep one's balance on an icy street. |在结冰的街道上保持平衡是不容易的。

　　|||v.|(cause to) be even and keep in balance |（使）平衡，（使）均衡

　　||||When you ride a bicycle you must learn to balance. |骑自行车必须学会保持平衡。

　　||||Balancing my cup of coffee in one hand, I managed to open the door. |我拿稳手中的咖啡杯，设法打开了门。

　　|||vt.|consider in relation to sth. else; compare |权衡，比较

　　||||You have to balance the positive points of living in a big city against the negative ones. |你必须权衡居住在大城市的利弊。

　　||||They balanced the profit and loss to see what had been gained. |他们比较盈亏情况，看看赚了多少。

　　|@|<3>severe|a.|1. very bad or serious |恶劣的，严重的；剧烈的

　　||||She is suffering from a severe headache. |她头疼得厉害。

　　||||The dry season is becoming more and more severe. |旱灾日益严重。

　　||||2. strict or hard in thinking or treatment|严格的，严肃的，严厉的

　　||||Drug dealers face a severe punishment.  |贩毒者会受到严厉的惩罚。

　　||||The president came under severe criticism for the new tax policy. |新的税收政策使总统受到严厉抨击。

　　||<4>　<em>severely</em>|ad.|in a strict way |严重地；严格地，严厉地

　　||||The house was severely damaged in the hurricane. |房屋在飓风中遭受严重损坏。

　　||||My mother was suffering severely from a cold. |我母亲正患重感冒。

　　|@|<5>cripple|vt.|make sb. unable to walk or move properly |使跛，使残废

　　||||He was crippled in an accident. |他在一次事故中变成了残废。

　　||||He has been crippled with pain. |他感觉很疼，走路一瘸一拐。

　　|||n.|[C] sb. who is physically disabled, esp. unable to walk |跛子，瘸子

　　||||Though he is a cripple, he supports his family by working hard. |虽然腿脚不便, 他还是努力干活养家。

　　||||She has gone from being a healthy young woman to being a cripple. |她从一个健康的年轻女子变成了残疾人。

　　|@|<6>inward|a.|1. located within; inside, esp. in the mind or spirit |在内的，内部的（尤指头脑中、精神上）

　　||||inward doubts |内心的怀疑

　　||||He helped others to achieve inward peace. |他帮助别人以获得自己内心的平静。

　　||||2. going toward the inside |向内的

　　||||an inward curve |向内的弧线

　　||||an inward movement |向内移动

　　||<7>　<em>inwardly</em>|ad.|in mind or spirit |内心 （或精神）方面

　　||||She was inwardly sad but she would not say anything about it. |她内心痛苦，却不会在言辞中表现出来。

　　||||She hates him inwardly. |她从心底恨他。

　　||<8>bother|vt.|make sb. feel worried or upset |使苦恼

　　||||What bothers me most is my inability to keep up with others. |令我烦心的是我跟不上其他人。

　　||||His rudeness bothers me. |我讨厌他的粗鲁。

　　|||vi.|make an effort to do sth. |尽力，费心

　　||||Few people ever bothered to talk to him. |很少有人费心和他讲话。

　　||||I never bother to iron my shirts, so they're often a bit wrinkled. |我从不愿意花精力去熨衬衣，所以它们常常有点皱。

　　|@|<9>coordinate|vt.|cause different parts, body parts, etc. to work together very well |使协调

　　||||The plan was not very well coordinated. |那项计划协调得不好。

　　||||We must coordinate our efforts to help people who have been affected by the flood. |我们必须齐心协力去帮助遭受水灾的灾民。

　　||<10>halt|v. |stop |暂停，中断，中止

　　||||The project halted for lack of fund. |那个项目因缺乏资金而停了下来。

　　||||No one can halt the advance of  history. |谁也阻挡不了历史的前进。

　　|||n.|[sing.] a stop or pause |暂停，中断，中止

　　||||The car came to a halt in time to prevent an accident. |汽车及时刹住，避免了一场事故。

　　||||Production was brought to a halt by a strike. |由于罢工，生产停顿了。

　　||<11>impatient|a.|1. easily annoyed; not patient |不耐烦的，没有耐心的

　　||||Don't be so impatient! The bus will be here soon. |别这样不耐烦！公共汽车很快就来。

　　||||You're too impatient with her. She's only a child. |你对她太没耐心了，她还只是个孩子。

　　||||2. very eager to do sth. or for sth. to happen; anxious |急切的，渴望的

　　||||They were already impatient to try. |他们已经迫不及待，跃跃欲试了。

　　||||Many business students are impatient to become managers. |许多商科学生急切地想成为经理。

　　|@|<12>pace|n.|1. [sing.] speed of walking or running |步速；走（跑）的速度

　　||||They quickened their pace as they approached their cars. |他们接近汽车时加快了步伐。

　　||||She slowed down her pace so I could keep up with her. |她放慢了速度，以便我能跟上她。

　　||||2. [sing.] the speed at which sth. happens |速度，速率；节奏

　　||||The pace of change in the computer industry is very fast. |计算机工业发展变化速度很快。

　　||||I like the pace of life in the city. | 我喜欢这个城市的生活节奏。

　　|||vi.|walk with slow, regular, even steps |踱步，慢步走

　　||||The policeman paced up and down the street. |警察在街上踱来踱去。

　　||||Sarah paced back and forth in the hallway, waiting for the doctor to come back. |莎拉沿着走廊走来走去，等医生回来。

　　|@|<13>adjust|v.|(to) become or make suited (to new conditions) |（使）适应

　　||||The former soldiers had difficulty in adjusting to ordinary life. |退役军人难以适应普通人的生活。

　　||||The body quickly adjusts itself to changes in temperature. |人体能很快自行调节以适应气温变化。

　　||<14>subway|n.|1. [C] (AmE) a railway under the ground in a city |地铁

　　||||He travels to work by subway every day. |他每天乘地铁上班。

　　||||I don't ride the subway late at night. |夜间太晚时我不乘地铁。

　　||||2. [C] (BrE) a path for walking under a road or railway|地下通道，人行隧道

　　||||The subway to the other side of the road was under repair. |过街地下通道正在维修。

　　||||People are advised to walk through a subway to cross a street . |人们过马路时应走地下通道。

　　|@|<15>despite|prep.|in spite of |尽管，不管

　　||||They had a wonderful holiday despite the bad weather. |尽管天气不好, 他们的假日仍然过得很愉快。

　　||||Despite the fact that she wants to see him, she turned down his invitation. |尽管想看到他，她还是拒绝了他的邀请。

　　|@|<16>nasty|a.|1. unpleasant; horrible; disgusting |令人不快的，令人厌恶的

　　||||She could never forget that nasty sight. |她永远也忘不了那令人作呕的情景。

　　||||I'm so glad you didn't get that nasty flu. |你没染上那讨厌的感冒，我很高兴。

　　||||2. unkind|不友善的，恶意的

　　||||What a nasty man! |真是个不怀好意的人！

　　||||Don't be nasty to your little brother. |不要对你的小弟弟太刻薄。

　　||<17>wagon|n.|1. [C] a kind of cart for children |儿童手推车

　　||||The imported wagon cost twenty-five dollars at the shopping mall. |进口儿童手推车在大卖场售价25美元。

　　||||The paperboy used a wagon to help him make his deliveries. |报童用手推车帮他发送货物。

　　||||2. [C] a four-wheeled box for carrying heavy loads, pulled by horses or oxen |四轮运货马（牛）车

　　||||The wagon was once the major means of travel for people in some countries. |在有些国家，四轮马车曾是主要的交通工具。

　　||||The first white settlers traveled across America in wagons. |第一批白人定居者横跨美洲大陆时乘的是四轮马车。

　　|@|<18>cling|vi.|(clung, clung)

　　||||1. (to) hold sb. or sth. tightly |抱住，抓紧

　　||||The passengers were clinging to a lifeboat and waiting for a rescue. |乘客们紧紧抓住救生筏，等待救援。

　　||||They clung to each other as they said goodbye. |他们告别时紧紧相拥。

　　||||2. (to) continue to believe or do sth. |坚持，忠于

　　||||He clung to his own idea. |他坚持自己的观点。

　　||||She clung to the hope that he was still alive. |她仍希冀他还活着。

　　||<19>rail|n.|[C] a bar that is fixed along or around sth. |栏杆，护栏

　　||||They built wooden rails in front of a garden. |他们在花园前装了木制围栏。

　　||||Hold the rail for safety while coming down the steps. |下台阶时，抓住栏杆以确保安全。

　　||<20>　<em>handrail</em> |n. |[C] a long bar that is fixed to the side of stairs for people to hold while walking up and down |（楼梯等的）扶手，栏杆

　　||||The old man walked up the stairs with the help of the handrail. |老人扶着栏杆上楼。

　　||||The boy slid down the handrail. |那个男孩顺着楼梯扶手滑了下来。

　　||<21>tunnel|n.|[C] a passage under the ground dug for cars, trains, etc. to go through |隧道

　　||||The railway tunnel runs one kilometer. |这个铁路隧道长一公里。

　　||||The prisoners dug a tunnel under their prison and tried to escape. |犯人们在牢房底下挖了一条地道试图逃跑。

　　||<22>amaze|vt.|surprise sb. greatly |使惊异；使惊讶

　　||||He amazed everyone by passing his driving test. |他通过了驾照考试，让大家非常惊讶。

　　||||We were amazed at the change in how he looked. |我们对他外表的改变感到惊讶。

　　|@|<23>subject|vt.|(to) cause to experience sth. unpleasant |使遭受（痛苦等），使蒙受

　　||||I don't want to subject you to any inconvenience. |我不想给你带来任何不便。

　　||||We Chinese people will never subject ourselves to any foreign rule. |我们中国人民决不愿意受外人统治。

　　|@|<24>stress|n.|1. [C, U] continuous feelings of worry |持续的压力，忧虑，紧张

　　||||He suffered from great stress. |他受到很大压力。

　　||||He seemed used to the stresses and strains of modern life. |他好像很习惯现代生活的紧张和压力。

　　||||2. [U] special attention or importance |强调，重视

　　||||He feels that there is not enough stress on drawing at the school. |他认为学校对绘画重视不够。

　　||||In most music colleges, particular stress is placed upon technique rather than style. |大多数音乐学院都特别强调培养技巧而非风格。

　　|||vt.|give particular importance to |强调，重视

　　||||He stressed the need of careful planning. |他强调要精心计划。

　　||||It should be stressed that the clerk has done an excellent job for over 10 years and deserves a higher position in this company. |应该强调的是那位职员十多年来表现卓越，理应在公司获得更高的职位。

　　|@|<25>complaint|n.|[C, U] a written or spoken statement in which sb. complains about sth. |投诉；意见

　　||||The road works caused much complaint among local neighbors. |修路工程使当地居民叫苦连天。

　　||||We've received many complaints about goods quality. |我们收到了不少关于有关产品质量的投诉。

　　|@|<26>envy|n.|1. [U] the feeling of wanting sth. that sb. else has |妒忌；羡慕

　　||||He couldn't hide his envy at my success. |他无法掩饰对我成功的妒忌。

　　||||His new car excited their envy. |他的新车令他们很羡慕。

　　||||2. [U] object of envy |妒忌的对象，羡慕的目标

　　||||My new office was the envy of the entire staff. |全体职工都很羡慕我的新办公室。

　　||||The happiness that we now enjoy is the envy of all who know us. |所有认识我们的人都羡慕我们的幸福生活。

　　|||vt.|have the unhappy feeling of wanting sth. that sb. else has |羡慕；妒忌

　　||||I have always envied your good luck. |我一直羡慕你运气好。

　　||||He envied his brother for his success. |他很妒忌他弟弟取得的成就。

　　||<27>owner|n.|[C] a person to whom sth. belongs |物主，所有人

　　||||She was the owner of the bar. |她是这家酒吧的老板。

　　||||Who's the owner of this house? |这房子的主人是谁？

　　|@|<28>precise|a.|exact, clear and correct |精确的；准确的

　　||||What is the precise meaning of this word? |这个词的确切含义是什么？

　　||||The number of the people who can attend the meeting must be precise. |能参会的人数必须精确。

　　||<29>　<em>precisely</em> |ad.  |exactly; just |准确地，精确地

　　||||I can't remember precisely what happened. |我记不清确切发生了什么事。

　　||||The two reports are precisely the same. |两个报告一模一样。

　　|@|<30>engage|vi.|(in) take part in or be involved in sth. |参与，参加

　　||||I  have no time to engage in regular exercises. |我没有时间经常参加锻炼。

　　||||He is engaged in business. |他是经商的。

　　|||vt.|1. employ sb. to do a particular job |雇用，聘用

　　||||She was engaged as a teacher. |她被聘作教师。

　　||||He's been engaged to paint the house. |他被雇来粉刷这幢房子。

　　||||2. attract sb.'s attention and keep them interested |使全神贯注；引起注意

　　||||Nothing engages his attention for long. |什么也不能长时间地吸引住他的注意力。

　　||||Online games engaged his interest. |网络游戏引起了他的兴趣。

　　|@|<31>local|a.|belonging to a particular place or district |地方的，当地的，本地的

　　||||She is a local girl and has lived here her entire life. |她是个本地姑娘，至今一直住在这里。

　　||||Following the national news we have the local news and weather. |国内新闻之后，我们播报本地新闻和天气预报。

　　|||n.|[C] sb. who lives in the place talked about |当地人

　　||||The new theatre attracts crowds of tourists and locals alike. |新落成的剧院吸引了大批的游客和当地人来参观。

　　||||I asked one of the locals which way to go to the railway station. |我问一个当地人去火车站该怎么走。

　　||<32>knowledgeable|a.|knowing a lot |知识渊博的

　　||||He's very knowledgeable about paintings. |他很懂油画。

　　||||My sister is a knowledgeable professor. |我姐姐是个知识渊博的人。

　　|@|<33>occasion|n.|1. [C] a time at which sth. happens |（事件发生的）时刻，时机

　　||||There are occasions that you must not refuse. |有些时候你绝对不能拒绝。

　　||||I've met him on several occasions. |我曾经见过他几次。

　　||||2. [sing.] a suitable or right time  |（适当的）时机，机会

　　||||This is not an occasion for fun and games. |这可不是寻开心的时候。

　　||||I'll buy one if the occasion arises. |如果有机会我就会买一个。

　　||<34>punch|vt.|1. hit hard with the fist |用拳猛击

　　||||He punched the young man in the face. |他用拳猛击那个年轻人的脸。

　　||||The goalkeeper punched away another shot. |足球守门员用拳挡开了又一次射门。

　　||||2. make a hole in sth. using a metal tool |打孔

　　||||The ticket collector punched my ticket. |检票员在我的票上打了个孔。

　　||||The bullet can punch a hole through a steel plate. |这种子弹能穿透钢板。

　　||<35>shove|v.|push roughly |推挤，推撞

　　||||At the entrance to the cinema there was a crowd pushing and shoving to get in. |在电影院门口有一群人，连推带挤地要进去。

　　||||He shoved her out of the way. |他把她推到了一边。

　　|@|<36>content|a.|satisfied and happy |满足的，满意的

　　||||She is not content with her life in the city. |她不满意自己在城里的生活。

　　||||John seems content to sit in front of the television all night. |约翰似乎满足于整晚坐在电视机前，无所事事。

　　|@|<37>aid|vt.|give help or support |帮助，援助

　　||||We were greatly aided in our investigation by the police. |警方对我们的调查帮助很大。

　　||||Increased international trade has aided the country's economic recovery. |该国经济复苏得益于对外贸易的增长。

　　|||n.|[U] help |帮助，援助

　　||||They provide free legal aid. |他们无偿提供法律援助。

　　||||She came quickly to his aid. |她急忙赶来寻求他的帮助。

　　||<38>　<em>unaided</em>|a.|without help |无助的；独立的

　　||||She was trying to achieve her goal by her unaided efforts. |她试图凭自己的努力达到目标。

　　||||He is unable to walk unaided. |他不能独立行走。

　　|@|<39>kid|v.|make jokes about sb. in a friendly way |开玩笑

　　||||Don't be angry. He was just kidding. |别生气，他只是开玩笑而已。

　　||||Other children would kid him about his height. |其他孩子拿他的身高开玩笑。

　　|@|<40>urge|vt.|strongly suggest that sb. does sth. |竭力劝告；敦促

　　||||He urged us to go right away. |他力劝我们马上就走。

　　||||The manager urged his staff on to greater efforts. |经理督促全体职员更加努力。

　　|||n.|[C] a strong wish or need |强烈愿望，迫切需求

　　||||I had a sudden urge to tell the boss the whole truth. |我突然产生一种强烈愿望，想把全部真相告诉老板。

　　||||He could no longer resist the urge to go and see his son. |他再也控制不住去看儿子的强烈愿望。

　　|@|<41>dive|n.|1. [C] the act of pretending to be struck down to the ground in boxing |（拳击中）假装被击倒

　　||||Taking a dive is becoming increasingly common in boxing. |假装被击倒在拳击比赛中越来越常见。

　　||||I once met a fighter who took a dive because sb. had offered him money. |我见过一个拳击手因为有人出钱收买而假装被对手击倒。

　　||||2. [C] an act of jumping into water with head and arms going in first |跳水，潜水

　　||||He made a dive from the bridge to save the child who had fallen into the river. |他从桥上跳进水里去抢救落水儿童。

　　||||His dives were worthy of gold medals in any other year but this one. |除了今年之外，他的跳水表现可以在其他任何一年获得金牌。

　　|||vi.|jump into  water with head and arms going in first |跳水，潜水

　　||||She stood at the edge of the pool ready to dive. |她站在池边，准备跳水。

　　||||The bird dived into the water to catch the fish. |那只鸟潜入水中去捕鱼。

　　||<42>reluctance|n.|[U] unwillingness to do sth. |不愿，勉强

　　||||She showed reluctance, but finally accepted our interview. |她不太情愿，但最后还是接受了我们的采访。

　　||||He left us with some reluctance. |他不情愿地离开了我们。

　　||<43>worthy|a.|1. deserving respect |值得尊敬的；高尚的

　　||||The girl is really a worthy opponent. |这个女孩真的是个值得尊敬的对手。

　　||||He is worthy to receive such honor. |他应该得到这种荣誉。

　　||||2. (of) deserving sth. |值得的，应得的

　　||||Their efforts are worthy of your support. |他们的努力值得你们的支持。

　　||||She said that she was not worthy of the honor they had offered her. |她说她不配接受他们所给予的荣誉。

　　||<44>　<em>unworthy</em> |a. |not honest or morally wrong |不诚实的；卑鄙的

　　||||Trifles are unworthy of your attention. |琐事不值得你劳神。

　　||||I am unworthy of such an honor. |我不配获得这样的荣誉。

　　|@|<45>regret|vt.|feel sorry about sth. one has done |后悔；遗憾

　　||||Lawrence regretted his choice. |劳伦斯后悔自己的选择。

　　||||I regret not having taken your advice. |我后悔没听从您的劝告。

　　|||n.|[U] a feeling of sadness about sth. that has happened |后悔；遗憾

　　||||Robert never suffered any regret for what he had done. |罗伯特从不为自己已干的事后悔。

　　||||Much to my regret, I can't accept your invitation. |很遗憾, 我不能接受你的邀请。

　　|@|<46>complain|v.|say that one is not satisfied with sth. |抱怨，诉苦

　　||||She complained to me about his bad manners. |她向我抱怨他的粗暴无礼。

　　||||He complained that he never had time to have a holiday. |他抱怨总没时间去度假。

　　||<47>trifle|n.|[C] sth. that has little value or importance |无价值的东西；琐事

　　||||It's silly to quarrel over trifles. |为小事而争吵是愚蠢的。

　　||||Household trifles took up much of her time. |家庭琐事占了她很多时间。

　　||<48>envious|a.|(of) wanting sth. that sb. else has |妒忌的，羡慕的

　　||||She threw envious glances at her sister's dress. |她羡慕地看了几眼她姐姐的那套衣服。

　　||||He was envious of his brother's success. |他很羡慕他弟弟的成功。

　　<TITLE>Phrases and Expressions</TITLE>

　　||<49>lean on|depend on |依靠

　　||        |They lean on each other for support. |他们互相依靠，互相支持。

　　||        |You should not always lean on others  for help. |你别总靠他人来帮你。

　　||<50>grow up|develop from being a child to being an adult |成长，长大

　　||        |What do you want to be when you grow up? |你长大后想做什么？

　　||        |He grow up in the countryside. |他是在农村长大的。

　　||<51>let on|tell sb. sth., esp. sth. that has been kept secret |泄露，透露

　　||        |She never let on she was married. |她从不透露她已经结婚。

　　||        |He knew where his brother was going, but he didn't let on. |他知道他哥哥去哪里了，但是他不露声色。

　　||<52>start out|begin going somewhere |出发

　　||        |Bill started out for school on his bicycle. |比尔骑上自行车赶去学校。

　　||        |Before starting out you should check that your seat and mirrors are properly adjusted. |出发前，你应该检查一下座位和后视镜是否已经调整好。

　　||<53>make it|1. manage to arrive somewhere on time |及时赶到

　　||        |I think we'll just make it if we hurry up! |如果抓点紧，我想我们能及时到达。

　　||        |Try your best to make it to the airport. |你们一定要及时赶到机场。

　　||        |2. be successful at sth. |办到，做到

　　||        |When he turned 30, he started wondering if he would ever make it in business. |过了30岁，他对自己在商场是否会成功感到疑惑。

　　||        |I knew that he would make it when I first saw him. |第一次看到他，我就知道他会尽力办到的。

　　||<54>even if    |although |即使，虽然

　　||        |We'll go tomorrow even if it rains. |即使下雨，我们明天也去。

　　||        |Even if she's poor, at least she is honest. |虽说她穷，至少她是诚实的。

　　||<55>on one's way (to) ||while going somewhere |在路上

　　||        |Lynn was on her way to the theater when a car hit her. |在去戏院的路上，利恩被车撞了。

　　||        |I will stop off at the post office to mail your letter on my way to work. |上班的路上，我会到邮局帮你发信。

　　||<56>even though |in spite of the fact that; even if |虽说，即使

　　||         |Even though it's hard work, I enjoy it. |虽然工作辛苦，我却很喜欢这工作。

　　||         |Even though he is hardworking, there is never enough money to pay the bills. |尽管工作努力，他总是入不敷出。

　　||<57>break out  |begin to happen |突然发生，爆发

　　||        |A fire broke out in the basement of the building. |大楼的地下室发生了火灾。

　　||        |Fierce fighting broke out between the rival groups.|敌对组织之间爆发了激烈的争斗。

　　||<58>on leave    |away from work or duty| 休假

　　||         |I'm in charge of the department when the manager is on leave. |经理休假时，由我主管本部门工作。

　　||         |He went on leave when the business was gone down. |生意不景气时，他出去休假了。

　　||<59>see (to it) that |make sure that sth. is done |务必做到

　　||        |He is late again today. I'll see to it that he will not be late tomorrow. |他今天又迟到了。我保证明天不让他再迟到。

　　||        |Will you see to it that everyone gets a ticket for the concert? |请确保每人都拿到音乐会的票。

　　<TITLE>Proper Names</TITLE>

　　||<60>Brooklyn        ||布鲁克林（美国纽约市行政区名）

　　||<61>Manhattan       ||曼哈顿（美国纽约市行政区名，由曼哈顿岛等构成）

　　||<62>Ebbets Field    || 埃贝茨棒球场

　　||<63>Dodgers         || 道奇队（纽约一棒球队名）