新视野大学英语读写教程词汇 第一册 unit08 a

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　　<TITLE>New Words</TITLE>

　　|@|<1>satisfactory |a. |good enough for a particular situation or purpose |令人满意的

　　||||Sales rise by 20% from last year; that's very satisfactory. |销售额比去年增加了20%, 这是非常令人满意的。

　　||||This method of heating is not satisfactory for large buildings. |这种取暖办法用于大型建筑物并不令人满意。

　　|@|<2>flash|vi.|1. (of an idea) come suddenly |（想法、灵感等）突然产生

　　||||The idea flashed into his mind. |他突然想到了这个主意。

　　||||The thought that I might be wrong flashed through my mind. |我可能错了的想法突然闪入我的脑海。

　　||||2. pass quickly |飞驰，掠过

　　||||Ten years seem to flash by. |十年转眼就过去了。

　　||||A red car flashed by. |一辆红色汽车飞驰而过。

　　||<3>particularly |ad. |especially |特别是；特别地

　　||||More local employment will be created, particularly in service industries. |地方将提供更多的就业机会, 尤其是服务行业。

　　||||I cannot leave him, particularly now. |我不能离开他, 尤其是现在。

　　||<4>glow|vi.|produce a soft, steady light |发光

　　||||Colored lights glowed on the celebration night. |节日之夜灯火辉煌。

　　||||The colored sticks glowed in the darkness of the playground. |荧光棒在黑漆漆的操场上发着光。

　　|@|<5>creation|n.|1. [U] the act of creating sth. |创造

　　||||The creation of new playgrounds will benefit the local children. |建立新的运动场地将会使当地儿童受益。

　　||||The government will provide more  money for job creation. |政府打算在创造就业岗位方面提供更多的资金。

　　||||2. [C] sth. that has been created |作品；艺术品

　　||||This is the artist's latest creation. |这是那位艺术家的最新作品。

　　||||Birds' nests are extraordinary creations. |鸟巢是非凡的艺术品。

　　|@|<6>mystery|n.|[C] sth. that is not fully understood or difficult to understand |谜；神秘的事物

　　||||The origin of the universe is still a mystery. |宇宙的起源仍然是个谜。

　　||||Why he went there is a mystery to me. |他为什么去那儿对我来说是个谜。

　　|@|<7>reasonable|a.|showing common sense; fair |合理的；适当的

　　||||He should give us a reasonable explanation. |他应该给我们一个合理的解释。

　　||||The price seems reasonable, but I don't like the color. |价格还算公道，但我不喜欢那个颜色。

　　||<8>psychology|n.|[U] the study of the mind and how it works and influences behavior |心理学

　　||||feminist psychology |女性心理学

　　||||Developmental psychology is probably the liveliest subject these days. |发展心理学也许是眼下最活跃的学科。

　　||<9>　<em>psychologist</em>|n. |[C] a person who is trained in psychology |心理学家

　　|| | |You may turn to the psychologist for help. |你可以到那位心理学家那儿寻求帮助。

　　|@|<10>process|n.|[C] a series of actions or things that produce a particular result |过程；进程

　　||||The firm is now in the process of moving the main equipment to a new place. |公司目前正在把主要设备迁往新地址。

　　||||Producing a dictionary is a slow process. |编撰一本词典是一个缓慢的过程。

　　||<11>personality|n.     |1. [C] a person who is well known to the public |名人

　　||||television personalities |电视明星

　　||||Many young girls dream of becoming  movie personalities. |许多年轻女孩梦想着成为电影明星。

　　||||2. [C, U] sb.'s character, esp. the way they behave toward other people |个性；性格

　　||||Though their personalities were different, they got along well. |虽然他们性格迥异，却能友好相处。

　　||||She has an outgoing personality and makes friends easily. |她性格随和，很容易交朋友。

　　||<12>intensify|v.|make or become stronger |（使）增强，（使）加强

　　||||His daughter's illness intensified his difficult condition. |女儿的生病对他的境遇雪上加霜。

　　||||The search intensified as dusk approached. |黄昏将至, 人们加强了搜寻。

　　||<13>genius|n.|1. [C] a person of exceptional natural ability |天才

　　||||One is not born a genius; one becomes a genius. |天才不是天生的, 而是后天造就的。

　　||||He was a genius in both science and art. |他在科学和艺术两方面都是天才。

　　||||2. [U] strong natural ability |天赋

　　||||Your painting perfectly shows your creative genius. |你的画充分展示了你的创造才能。

　　||||Dante was a man of genius. |但丁是个有天赋的人。

　　||<14>philosophy|n.|[U] the study and understanding of the nature and meaning of existence |哲学

　　||||economic philosophy |经济哲学

　　||||He studied politics and philosophy. |他学过政治和哲学。

　　|@|<15>invention|n.|1. [U]  the act of inventing sth. |发明，创造

　　||||Need is the mother of invention. |（谚）需要是发明之母。

　　||||The invention of microwave ovens and washing machines benefits housewives a lot. |微波炉和洗衣机的发明让家庭主妇受益匪浅。

　　||||2. [C] sth. that has been invented |发明物

　　||||The phonograph is an invention made by Thomas Edison. |留声机是托马斯·爱迪生发明的。

　　||||The electric light bulb is a great invention. |电灯泡是个很伟大的发明。

　　|@|<16>logic|n.|[U] a set of reasons sb. uses in order to reach an opinion |逻辑推理

　　||||Your friend doesn't seem to be controlled by logic. |你那位朋友好象没有逻辑性。

　　||||He argues with learning and logic. |他的辩论既展示了他的学识, 又合乎逻辑。

　　|@|<17>signal|n.|[C] sth. intended to give information, such as a sound or action |信号，暗号

　　||||The teacher gave a signal to the students to continue. |老师示意学生继续。

　　||||They waved their hands as a signal of victory. |他们挥舞双手表示胜利。

　　||<18>dramatic|a.|1. great and sudden; exciting and impressive |引人注目的；激动人心的

　　||||dramatic colors |引人注目的色彩

　　||||China has achieved dramatic economic developments. |中国在经济上取得了令人瞩目的发展。

　　||||2. about drama or acting |戏剧的；演戏的

　　||||dramatic techniques  |戏剧技巧

　　||||The comedian was also known for his dramatic performances. |这位喜剧演员也以戏剧表演出名。

　　|@|<19>compose|v.|write a piece of music, a letter, a poem, etc. |创作 （文学或音乐作品）

　　||||Mozart began to compose when he was six years old. |莫扎特6岁开始作曲。

　　||||He sat down and composed a letter of application. |他坐下来， 写了一封求职信。

　　|||vt.|(be ~d of) be formed from |由...组成

　　||||The textbook is composed of ten units. |这本教材由10个单元组成。

　　||||Water is composed of hydrogen and oxygen. |水是由氢和氧化合而成的。

　　|@|<20>occupy|vt.|1. keep sb. busy at sth. |使忙于

　　||||I am fully occupied with my daily work. |我每天都忙于日常的工作。

　　||||He was occupied in writing letters.| 他忙着写信。

　　||||2. fill up (time or space) |占用 （时间或空间）

　　||||Reading occupies most of my free time. |阅读占去我大部分闲暇时间。

　　||||The enemy occupied the town. |敌人占据了这个城镇。

　　||<21>fling|vt.|(flung, flung)

　　||||1. move oneself or part of one's body suddenly or forcefully |突然（或急速）地移动

　　||||She flung her arms around my neck. |她猛地搂住了我的脖子。

　　||||She flung herself into her room and began to pack frantically. |她猛地冲进自己的房间, 开始发狂似地整理行李。

　　||||2. throw sth. with force |猛扔；抛

　　||||Don't fling your clothes about on the chair; hang them up. |别把衣服乱扔在椅子上, 把它们挂起来。

　　||||The sun flings bright rays on the fields. |（比喻）灿烂的阳光撒在田野上。

　　||<22>couch|n.|[C] a long comfortable seat; a sofa |长沙发

　　||||Sit beside me on the couch.|上我这儿来，坐到沙发上。

　　||||Mary was not well so she was lying on the couch in the living room. |玛丽感到身体不适, 所以她躺在起居室的沙发上。

　　|@|<23>miracle|n.|[C] sth. that cannot be explained by known laws of nature |奇迹

　　||||a miracle of architecture |建筑上的奇迹

　　||||The car ran over the man, but by a miracle, he was not  hurt. |汽车从那个人身上轧过去, 但他却没有受伤, 真是奇迹。

　　|■|<24>mighty|a.|having or showing great power, strength, or force |强大的， 巨大的

　　||||He gave it a mighty push and it opened. |他用力推了一下, 它便开了。

　　||||He struck the rock a mighty blow with a hammer. |他用铁锤猛击了一下那块岩石。

　　||<25>orchestra|n.|[C] a large group of musicians playing many different kinds of instruments |管弦乐队

　　||||The story lacks tension and, when the full orchestra is blasting, is hard to follow. |作品情节松散, 而且当整个乐队响起音乐时, 观众不知所云。

　　||||He played percussion in a symphony orchestra. |他在交响乐团演奏打击乐。

　　||<26>　<em>orchestral</em> |a.   |relating to or written for an orchestra |管弦乐的；管弦乐队的

　　||||orchestral instruments |管弦乐器

　　||||an orchestral production |管弦乐队的演出

　　|@|<27>contrast|n.|[C, U] a difference shown by comparing people or things |对照；差异

　　||||This appears big in contrast with that. |同那个相比起来,这个显得很大。

　　||||The contrast between the two ideas is sharp. |这两种想法的差异很明显。

　　||<28>　<em>mathematician</em> |n.     |[C] a person gifted or learned in mathematics |数学家

　　||||Hua Luogeng is a great mathematician. |华罗庚是一位伟大的数学家。

　　||||It seems to be an impossible solution, but the mathematicians assure us that it can be done. |这似乎是个不可能成立的解答, 但数学家对我们保证说这可以做。

　　|@|<29>combination|n.|[C, U] sth. that results from two or more things being combined |结合，合并；组合物

　　||||His nature is a combination of strength and kindness. |他的性格柔中带刚。

　　||||Never take the medicine in combination with alcohol. |千万别把这种药与酒混在一起服用。

　　||<30>surge|vi.|move quickly as if in waves |汹涌；涌现

　　||||The waves surged against the shore. |波浪汹涌拍岸。

　　||||The crowd surged out of the stadium. |人群从体育场涌出来。

　　|@|<31>combine|v.|(make) exist or work together |（使）结合；（使）联合

　　||||They combine the two small shops to form a large one. |他们把这两个小店合并起来成为一个大商店。

　　||||The two major political parties have combined to form a government. |两个主要政党已经联合起来组成了政府。

　　|@|<32>stable|a.|not likely to move or change |稳定的

　　||||A stable family unit is good for the growth of children. |家庭稳定对孩子的成长有利。

　　||||Markets are growing fast, and prices are stable. |市场繁荣, 物价稳定。

　　|@|<33>existence|n.|[U] the fact or state of existing |存在

　　||||The company came into existence in 1981. |那家公司是1981年成立的。

　　||||She didn't believe in the existence of afterlife. |她不相信有来生。

　　|@|<34>observe|vt.|watch sb. or sth. carefully; notice |观察；注意到

　　||||They were observed entering the bank. |有人看到他们进入银行。

　　||||A teacher is observing his students perform the experiment. |老师在观察学生做实验。

　　|@|<35>explosion|n.|1. [C] a sudden burst of sth. like a blast |爆发，迸发；爆炸

　　||||She felt better after her explosion of anger. |发过一通脾气后，她感觉好些了。

　　||||A gas pipe that had burst caused the explosion. |煤气管爆裂引起这次爆炸。

　　||||2. [C] a sudden or quick increase in the number or amount of sth. |激增；扩大

　　||||Many people complained about the explosion in oil prices. |对石油价格的急剧上升，许多人都有抱怨。

　　||||There has been a recent explosion of interest in learning English. |近来人们学英语的兴趣骤然高涨。

　　||<36>exemplify|vt.|show sth. by an example |举例说明

　　||||The recent oil price rises exemplify the difficulties the motor industry is now facing. |最近的石油涨价是汽车工业正面临困难的一个例子。

　　||||The teacher exemplified the meaning of the word. |老师举例子解释了这个词的意义。

　　||<37>certainty|n.|[U] the fact or state of being certain |确定；确定性， 必然性

　　||||I can't say with any certainty where I shall be next week.|我不能确切地说出下周我会在什么地方。

　　||||On the field of battle there is no certainty. |在战场上没有确定性可言。

　　||<38>enthusiasm|n.|[U] great positive feeling for or interest in sth. |热情；积极性

　　||||Although she is a beginner, she showed great enthusiasm in the play. |虽然她是个新手，但在戏中她表现出了很高的激情。

　　||||His enthusiasm for English didn't last long. |他学英语的热情没有持续多久。

　　|@|<39>representative|a.|(of ) typical of a particular group or thing |典型的，有代表性的

　　||||This is a building representative of modern architecture. |这是现代建筑设计的代表性建筑。

　　||||Are your opinions representative of the other students? |你的意见是否代表其他同学的意见？

　　|@|<40>count|v.|calculate how many people or things there are in a group |记数，点数目

　　||||Take a deep breath, count to ten, and then breathe out. |深吸一口气, 在心里数到十, 然后呼气。

　　||||I'm counting the pages of my paper. |我在数我论文的页数。

　　||<41>　<em>countless</em> |a.  |too many to be counted |无数的，不计其数的

　　||||There are countless footpaths near the lake and in the surrounding mountains. |在湖边和周围的山里有无数的人行道。

　　||||Countless numbers of people have tried to change lead into gold. |无数的人尝试过要把铅变成金子。

　　|@|<42>source|n.|[C] a place from which sth. comes or is acquired |源泉，来源

　　||||Bad food is a source of illness. |变质食物会导致疾病。

　　||||The source of knowledge is practice. |知识的源泉是实践。

　　||<43>　<em>instinctive</em> |a.    |based on instinct  |（出于）本能的

　　||||a feeling of instinctive distrust |出于直觉的不信任

　　||||His reaction was instinctive. |他的反应纯粹是出于本能。

　　|@|<44>responsible |a. |1. (for) being the cause of sth. |是...的原因

　　||||The weather is responsible for the delay. |由于天气关系才耽搁了。

　　||||Who is responsible for breaking the window? |是谁把窗子打破了？

　　||||2. (for) having the duty of looking after sb. or sth. |有责任的，承担责任的

　　||||The bus driver is responsible for the safety of passengers. |公共汽车司机应该对乘客的安全负责。

　　||||The police are responsible for keeping public order and safety. |警察有维持公共秩序和保障安全的责任。

　　|■|<45>disorganize |vt. |destroy the organization of sth.; throw sth. into confusion |使混乱，打乱

　　||||The general strike will disorganize the whole country. |大罢工会使整个国家陷于混乱。

　　||||Heavy snowstorms disorganized the airline schedule. |大暴风雪打乱了航班时刻表。

　　||<46>　<em>disorganized</em>|a.     |not arranged in a clear order |杂乱无章的；无计划的

　　||||disorganized working habits |无条理的工作习惯

　　||||Her files were completely disorganized—she could never find anything she wanted. |她的存档文件杂乱无章, 想找的东西永远找不到。

　　||<47>element|n.|[C] a necessary part of a whole |元素；成分

　　||||Plot is an important element of story writing. |情节是故事创作的重要元素。

　　||||Honesty, industry and kindness are elements of a good life. |诚实、勤劳和善良是幸福生活的要素。

　　<TITLE>Phrases and Expressions</TITLE>

　　||<48>sleep on sth.|not make a decision about sth. important until the next day |暂时不作决定，过一晚再作决定

　　|||I'll sleep on the matter, and write to you tomorrow. |这件事容我再考虑一下, 明天我给你书面回复。

　　|||We will have to sleep on his invitation until we know whether we will be free Sunday night. |我们得先看看星期天晚上是否有空, 然后才能决定是否接受他的邀请。

　　||<49>a gift from the gods|an unexpected benefit that is greatly valued |天赐；走运的机会

　　|||The old man said his young wife is a gift from the gods. |那老人说他那位年轻的妻子是天赐的礼物。

　　|||Having you join us was a gift from the gods. |你能加入我们是上天所赐。

　　||<50>depend on|happen according to |依靠，依赖

　　|||His decision will depend on how much money we can raise. |他将根据我们能筹集到的款项的多少来作决定。

　　|||His success depended on effort and ability. |他的成功靠的是努力和能力。

　　||<51>write down|write sth. on a piece of paper |写下来

　　|||Write your idea down while it's clear in your mind. |趁你还没忘, 把你的想法写下来。

　　|||Write down what you still remember. |把你还记得的写下来。

　　||<52>be occupied with|be busy with |忙于做，专心于

　　|||Don't interrupt Father while he's occupied with his newspaper. |父亲看报的时候不要去打扰他。

　　|||I had forgotten all about it because I had been so occupied with other things. |我把这件事全忘了, 因为其他事把我忙得够呛。

　　||<53>seek for|try to find; look for |寻找

　　|||We should never seek for fame or position. |我们决不应该追求名誉和地位。

　　|||This is just what I have long sought for. |这正是我好久以来要找的东西。

　　||<54>as though|as if |好像

　　|||Everything went on as usual as though nothing had happened. |一切照常进行, 好像什么也没发生过似的。

　　|||This equipment operated as though it had been repaired. |这套设备操作起来好像已经修理过了似的。

　　||<55>take shape|develop into a clear and definite form |成形

　　|||Plans for our vacation are beginning to take shape. |我们的假期计划开始成形了。

　　|||The new building is beginning to take shape. |这座新楼盖得渐渐有个样子了。

　　||<56>put into|express in |（以... 方式）表达

　　|||Though they could not have put it into words, their dislike of him was that he did not wear uniform. |他们不喜欢他不穿制服, 虽然他们没能把这说出来。

　　|||I could not, no matter how I tried, put my feelings into words or make others understand me. |不管我怎么做, 我就是无法用语言来表达我的感情, 或让别人理解我。

　　||<57>at work|having an effect; in operation |在起作用

　　|||We don't know what forces are at work behind the scenes. |我们不知道幕后是什么势力在起作用。

　　|||The powerful economic and social forces are at work behind our own actions. |在我们的行为背后，有强大的经济和社会力量在起作用。

　　||<58>arrive at|reach (a decision, solution, or result) |达成（协议），得出（结论）

　　|||Finally, they arrived at an agreement. |他们终于达成了协议。

　　|||It took us hours to arrive at a decision. |我们花了几个小时才作出了决定。

　　||<59>search for|try to find; look for |搜索，寻找

　　|||They were searching for the missing man. |他们正在寻找那个失踪的人。

　　|||The policemen are searching for the survivors of the plane crash. |警察仍在寻找飞机失事的幸存者。

　　||<60>fill sb. with sth.    |make sb. feel an emotion strongly |使充满 （感情）

　　|||The music fills me with memories.|音乐唤起了许多回忆。

　　|||My father's work filled me with wonder and curiosity.|父亲的工作使我充满了惊讶和好奇。

　　<TITLE>Proper Names</TITLE>

　　||<61>Richard Wagner     | |理查德·瓦格纳（1813—1883，德国作曲家、剧作家）

　　||<62>Rhinegold          | |《莱茵河的黄金》（瓦格纳作品名）

　　||<63>Spezia             | |斯佩齐亚（意大利西北部港市）

　　||<64>Henri Poincare      | |亨利·庞加莱（1854—1912，法国数学家、物理学家和作家）

　　||<65>Fuchsian functions | |富克斯函数

　　||<66>Descartes          | |笛卡尔（1596—1650，法国哲学家、数学家）