美国语文第六册 第81期:怀念先辈(1)
时间：2018-12-13 作者：英语课 分类：美国语文第六册
英语课
We are called upon to cherish with high veneration 1 and grateful recollections, the memory of our fathers. 我们响应上帝的召唤，向我们的先辈致以崇高的敬意和深切的缅怀。
Both the ties of nature and the dictates 2 of policy demand this. 不论是亲情的纽带还是上天的神旨，都要求我们这样做。
And surely no nation had ever less occasion to be ashamed of its ancestry 3, or more occasion for gratulation in that respect; 可以确信的是，没有哪个国家曾经为它的祖先感到羞耻，更多的是表示敬意中获得满足。
for while most nations trace their origin to barbarians 4, the foundations of our nation were laid by civilized 5 men, by Christians 6. 由于绝大多数国家的历史都可以追溯到野蛮人，我们国家是由文明人，是由基督徒建立起来的。
Many of them were men of distinguished 7 families, of powerful talents, 其中许多人都出身于受人尊敬的家庭，都是有影响力的天才人士，
of great learning and of preeminent 8 wisdom, of decision of character, and of most inflexible 9 integrity. 都是伟大的学者，拥有卓越的智慧和决断力，而且拥有不可动摇的正直品质。
And yet not unfrequently they have been treated as if they had no virtues 10; 不同寻常的是，人们认为他们拥有完美无缺的美德；
while their sins and follies 11 have been sedulously 12 immortalized in satirical anecdote 13. 与此同时，在颇具讽刺意味的趣闻轶事里，他们的过错和愚蠢行为被刻意看做是不朽的。
The influence of such treatment of our fathers is too manifest. 这样对待我们的先辈所产生的影响显而易见。
It creates and lets loose upon their institutions, the vandal spirit of innovation and overthrow 14; 创建制度然后放任其发展，创新和推翻都带有野蛮人的印记，
for after the memory of our father shall have been rendered contemptible 15, who will appreciate and sustain their institutions? 在对先辈的怀念已经证明是可鄙的之后，谁还会珍视和维护他们的制度呢？
1 veneration
n.尊敬，崇拜
- I acquired lasting respect for tradition and veneration for the past.我开始对传统和历史产生了持久的敬慕。
- My father venerated General Eisenhower.我父亲十分敬仰艾森豪威尔将军。
2 dictates
n.命令，规定，要求( dictate的名词复数 )v.大声讲或读( dictate的第三人称单数 )；口授；支配；摆布
- Convention dictates that a minister should resign in such a situation. 依照常规部长在这种情况下应该辞职。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- He always follows the dictates of common sense. 他总是按常识行事。 来自《简明英汉词典》
3 ancestry
n.祖先，家世
- Their ancestry settled the land in 1856.他们的祖辈1856年在这块土地上定居下来。
- He is an American of French ancestry.他是法国血统的美国人。
4 barbarians
n.野蛮人( barbarian的名词复数 )；外国人；粗野的人；无教养的人
- The ancient city of Rome fell under the iron hooves of the barbarians. 古罗马城在蛮族的铁蹄下沦陷了。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- It conquered its conquerors, the barbarians. 它战胜了征服者——蛮族。 来自英汉非文学 - 历史
5 civilized
a.有教养的，文雅的
- Racism is abhorrent to a civilized society. 文明社会憎恶种族主义。
- rising crime in our so-called civilized societies 在我们所谓文明社会中日益增多的犯罪行为
6 Christians
n.基督教徒( Christian的名词复数 )
- Christians of all denominations attended the conference. 基督教所有教派的人都出席了这次会议。
- His novel about Jesus caused a furore among Christians. 他关于耶稣的小说激起了基督教徒的公愤。
7 distinguished
adj.卓越的，杰出的，著名的
- Elephants are distinguished from other animals by their long noses.大象以其长长的鼻子显示出与其他动物的不同。
- A banquet was given in honor of the distinguished guests.宴会是为了向贵宾们致敬而举行的。
8 preeminent
adj.卓越的，杰出的
- Washington was recognized as the preeminent spokesman of American Negroes by 1895. 到1895年,华盛顿被公认为美国黑人的卓越代言人。
- He is preeminent because his articles are well written. 他的文章写得很漂亮,卓尔不群。
9 inflexible
adj.不可改变的，不受影响的，不屈服的
- Charles was a man of settled habits and inflexible routine.查尔斯是一个恪守习惯、生活规律不容打乱的人。
- The new plastic is completely inflexible.这种新塑料是完全不可弯曲的。
10 virtues
美德( virtue的名词复数 )； 德行； 优点； 长处
- Doctors often extol the virtues of eating less fat. 医生常常宣扬少吃脂肪的好处。
- She delivered a homily on the virtues of family life. 她进行了一场家庭生活美德方面的说教。
11 follies
罪恶，时事讽刺剧； 愚蠢，蠢笨，愚蠢的行为、思想或做法( folly的名词复数 )
- He has given up youthful follies. 他不再做年轻人的荒唐事了。
- The writings of Swift mocked the follies of his age. 斯威夫特的作品嘲弄了他那个时代的愚人。
12 sedulously
ad.孜孜不倦地
- In this view they were sedulously abetted by their mother, aunts and other elderly female relatives. 在这方面，他们得到了他们的母亲，婶婶以及其它年长的女亲戚们孜孜不倦的怂恿。
- The clerk laid the two sheets of paper alongside and sedulously compared their contents. 那职员把两张纸并排放在前面，仔细比较。
13 anecdote
n.轶事，趣闻，短故事
- He departed from the text to tell an anecdote.他偏离课文讲起了一则轶事。
- It had never been more than a family anecdote.那不过是个家庭趣谈罢了。
14 overthrow
v.推翻，打倒，颠覆；n.推翻，瓦解，颠覆
- After the overthrow of the government,the country was in chaos.政府被推翻后，这个国家处于混乱中。
- The overthrow of his plans left him much discouraged.他的计划的失败使得他很气馁。
15 contemptible
adj.可鄙的，可轻视的，卑劣的
- His personal presence is unimpressive and his speech contemptible.他气貌不扬，言语粗俗。
- That was a contemptible trick to play on a friend.那是对朋友玩弄的一出可鄙的把戏。
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