有声读物《孙子兵法》第73期:第十三章 用间(1)
英语课
用间篇 NO.1：
孙子曰：凡兴师十万，出征千里，百姓之费，公家之奉，日费千金，内外骚动，怠于道路，不得操事者，七十万家。
相守数年，以争一日之胜，而爱爵禄百金，不知敌之情者，不仁之至也，非民之将也，非主之佐也，非胜之王也。
这句啥意思：
孙子说：凡兴兵十万，征战千里，百姓的耗费，国家的开支，每天都要花费千金，前后方动乱不安，戌卒疲备地在路上奔波，不能从事正常生产的有七十万家。
这样相持数年，就是为了决胜于一旦，如果吝惜爵禄和金钱，不肯用来重用间谍，以致因为不能掌握敌情而导致失败，那就是不仁到极点了。
这种人不配作军队的统帅，算不上国家的辅佐，也不是胜利的主宰。
英文这么说：
Sun Tzu said: Raising a host of a hundred thousand men and marching them great distances entails 1 heavy loss on the people and a drain on the resources of the State.
The daily expenditure 2 will amount to a thousand ounces of silver.
There will be commotion 3 at home and abroad,and men will drop down exhausted 4 on the highways.
As many as seven hundred thousand families will be impeded 5 in their labor 6.
Hostile armies may face each other for years,striving for the victory which is decided 7 in a single day.
This being so, to remain in ignorance of the enemy's condition simply because one grudges 8 the outlay 9 of a hundred ounces of silver in honors and emoluments 10, is the height of inhumanity.
One who acts thus is no leader of men, no present help to his sovereign, no master of victory.
课后拓展：
孙子在《用间篇》开宗明义，兴兵十万，征战千里，如果吝惜爵禄金钱，不肯重用情报人员、正确使用信息，以致因不能掌握敌情而导致失败，那就是不仁慈到了极点。而要了解敌情，不可用求神问鬼的方式获取，不可拿相似的事情做类比推测得出，不可用日月星辰运行的位置去做验证，一定要取之于人，从那些收悉敌情的人中获取。所以，《用间篇》分别叙说了重视情报、获取信息的类别要诀、原则策略和方式方法，并以“此兵之要，三军所恃而动也”笼贯全书。意思是运用好信息和情报，才是用兵的要害和关键。
1 entails
使…成为必要( entail的第三人称单数 )； 需要； 限定继承； 使必需
- The job entails a lot of hard work. 这工作需要十分艰苦的努力。
- This job entails a lot of hard work. 这项工作需要十分努力。
2 expenditure
n.(时间、劳力、金钱等)支出；使用，消耗
- The entry of all expenditure is necessary.有必要把一切开支入账。
- The monthly expenditure of our family is four hundred dollars altogether.我们一家的开销每月共计四百元。
3 commotion
n.骚动，动乱
- They made a commotion by yelling at each other in the theatre.他们在剧院里相互争吵，引起了一阵骚乱。
- Suddenly the whole street was in commotion.突然间，整条街道变得一片混乱。
4 exhausted
adj.极其疲惫的，精疲力尽的
- It was a long haul home and we arrived exhausted.搬运回家的这段路程特别长，到家时我们已筋疲力尽。
- Jenny was exhausted by the hustle of city life.珍妮被城市生活的忙乱弄得筋疲力尽。
5 impeded
阻碍，妨碍，阻止( impede的过去式和过去分词 )
- Work on the building was impeded by severe weather. 楼房的施工因天气恶劣而停了下来。
- He was impeded in his work. 他的工作受阻。
6 labor
n.劳动，努力，工作，劳工；分娩；vi.劳动，努力，苦干；vt.详细分析；麻烦
- We are never late in satisfying him for his labor.我们从不延误付给他劳动报酬。
- He was completely spent after two weeks of hard labor.艰苦劳动两周后，他已经疲惫不堪了。
7 decided
adj.决定了的，坚决的；明显的，明确的
- This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
- There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。
8 grudges
不满，怨恨，妒忌( grudge的名词复数 )
- He never grudges money. 他从不吝惜金钱。
- They bear grudges against each other. 他俩有过节儿。
9 outlay
n.费用，经费，支出；v.花费
- There was very little outlay on new machinery.添置新机器的开支微乎其微。
- The outlay seems to bear no relation to the object aimed at.这费用似乎和预期目的完全不相称。
10 emoluments
n.报酬，薪水( emolument的名词复数 )
- The emoluments of this profession is not satisfactory. 此行业的报酬不令人满意。 来自辞典例句
- Emoluments connected with this position include free education for the children. 与这职务有关的酬劳包括为子女提供免费教育。 来自互联网