有声读物《孙子兵法》第29期:第五章 兵势(4)
英语课
兵势篇 NO.4：
纷纷纭纭，斗乱而不可乱；
浑浑沌沌，形圆而不可败。
乱生于治，怯生于勇，弱生于强。
治乱，数也；勇怯，势也；强弱，形也。
这句啥意思：
湍旗纷纷，人马纭纭，双方混战，战场上事态万端，但自己的指挥、组织、阵脚不能乱；
混混沌吨，迷迷蒙蒙，两军搅作一团，但胜利在我把握之中。
双方交战，一方之乱，是因为对方治军更严整：一方怯懦，是因为对方更勇敢；一方弱小，是因为对方更强大。
军队治理有序或者混乱，在于其组织编制；士兵勇敢或者胆怯，在于部队所营造的态势和声势；军力强大或者弱小，在于部队日常训练所造就的内在实力。
英文这么说：
Amid the turmoil 1 and tumult 2 of battle, there may be seeming disorder 3 and yet no real disorder at all;
amid confusion and chaos 4, your array may be without head or tail, yet it will be proof against defeat.
Simulated disorder postulates 5 perfect discipline,simulated fear postulates courage; simulated weakness postulates strength.
Hiding order beneath the cloak of disorder is simply a question of subdivision; concealing 6 courage under a show of timidity presupposes a fund of latent energy;masking strength with weakness is to be effected
by tactical dispositions 7.
《“乱生于治，怯生于勇，弱生于强”的哲理分析》
从该句的论断中国可以看到战争中有无数矛盾的范畴，且这些矛盾是相互依存、相互转化的。认为：乱与治、怯与勇、弱与强是互相对立的，并且在一定条件下，治可以转化为乱，勇可以转化为怯，强可以转化为弱。
1 turmoil
n.骚乱，混乱，动乱
- His mind was in such a turmoil that he couldn't get to sleep.内心的纷扰使他无法入睡。
- The robbery put the village in a turmoil.抢劫使全村陷入混乱。
2 tumult
n.喧哗；激动，混乱；吵闹
- The tumult in the streets awakened everyone in the house.街上的喧哗吵醒了屋子里的每一个人。
- His voice disappeared under growing tumult.他的声音消失在越来越响的喧哗声中。
3 disorder
n.紊乱，混乱；骚动，骚乱；疾病，失调
- When returning back,he discovered the room to be in disorder.回家后，他发现屋子里乱七八糟。
- It contained a vast number of letters in great disorder.里面七零八落地装着许多信件。
4 chaos
n.混乱，无秩序
- After the failure of electricity supply the city was in chaos.停电后，城市一片混乱。
- The typhoon left chaos behind it.台风后一片混乱。
5 postulates
v.假定，假设( postulate的第三人称单数 )
- They proclaimed to be eternal postulates of reason and justice. 他们宣称这些原则是理性和正义的永恒的要求。 来自辞典例句
- The school building programme postulates an increase in educational investment. 修建校舍的计画是在增加教育经费的前提下拟定的。 来自辞典例句
6 concealing
v.隐藏，隐瞒，遮住( conceal的现在分词 )
- Despite his outward display of friendliness, I sensed he was concealing something. 尽管他表现得友善，我还是感觉到他有所隐瞒。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- SHE WAS BREAKING THE COMPACT, AND CONCEALING IT FROM HIM. 她违反了他们之间的约定，还把他蒙在鼓里。 来自英汉文学 - 三万元遗产
7 dispositions
安排( disposition的名词复数 )； 倾向； （财产、金钱的）处置； 气质
- We got out some information about the enemy's dispositions from the captured enemy officer. 我们从捕获的敌军官那里问出一些有关敌军部署的情况。
- Elasticity, solubility, inflammability are paradigm cases of dispositions in natural objects. 伸缩性、可缩性、易燃性是天然物体倾向性的范例。