音标：[in'strʌkt] ；柯林斯词典等级：3 级；

vt. 教, 教育, 命令, 通知
[法] 托办, 指导, 指示

v. give instructions or directions for some task
v. make aware of

词型变化：过去分词 : instructed ; 过去式 : instructed ; 现在分词 : instructing ; 第三人称单数 : instructs
考试类型：[高考/四级/六级/考研/托福]

词性分布：

动词100%

instruct的用法和样例：

例句

用作动词(v.)

His uncle instructed him in French.他的叔叔教他法语。
Don't instruct your secretary to say you are out when you are in.不要教你的秘书在你在的时候说不在。
It does not pertain to the young to instruct their elders.年轻人不应该对老年人发号施令。
Please instruct me how to do my work.请指导一下我如何工作。
The customer can instruct the computer to perform financial services.顾客可指示计算机进行金融服务。

常见句型

用作动词(v.)

用作及物动词S+～+ n./pron.

The sergeant was instructing the soldiers.那位军士在指导士兵。
She instructs music once a week at a middle school.在中学，她每周教一次音乐课。

用作双宾动词S+～+ n./pron. +that-clause

My agent has instructed me that you still owe me ￡50.我的代理人通知我,你还欠我50英镑。

I have been instructed that the defendant is unwell, and I therefore adjourn the case.我得到通知说被告生病,因此,我延期审理此案。

用作宾补动词S+～+ n./pron. +to- v

The union issued an order instructing its members not to work overtime.工会发出指示,不让会员超时工作。
The captain instructed the soldiers to retreat.上尉命令士兵们撤退。

I've been instructed to wait here until the teacher arrives.我被命令在这儿等候,一直到那位老师来后再走。

S+～+ n./pron. +wh-to- v

I instructed him how to do the work.我教他怎样干这项工作。
I will instruct him whether to come today or tomorrow.我将通知他是今天来还是明天来。

Have you been instructed when to start?你是否得到关于出发时间的通知了?

S+～+ n./pron. +wh-clause

We should instruct the passengers what customs regulations are.我们应该向乘客说明海关规则是什么。

常用短语

用作动词(v.)

instruct in( v.+prep. )

Dr. Williams instructs us in botany.

威廉博士教我们植物学。

The college will need an additional teacher to instruct the boys in cooking.

这所技术学校需要增加一名教员来向学生传授烹调技术。

The soldiers have been thoroughly instructed in the care of their weapons.

士兵们都系统地接受过保护武器的训练。

词汇搭配

用作动词 (v.)

～+名词

instruct soldier命令士兵
instruct students指导学生

～+副词

instruct diligently辛勤指导
instruct formally正式通知
instruct tediously令人厌烦地讲授

～+介词

instruct sb about sth就某事给某人以指导; instruct in向…讲授…

经典引文

I was their Tutor to instruct them.
出自：Titus Andronicus,Shakespeare
Vernon instructed them..in composition, literature, and 'elocution'.
出自：J. C. Oates

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