音标：[ri'frein] ；柯林斯词典等级：1 级；

n. 重复的话, 叠句, 副歌
vi. 节制, 避免, 克制

n. the part of a song where a soloist is joined by a group of singers
v. resist doing something

词型变化：过去式 : refrained ; 现在分词 : refraining ; 过去分词 : refrained ; 第三人称单数 : refrains ; 名词复数形式 : refrains
考试类型：[六级/考研/IELTS/GRE]

词性分布：

动词66%

名词34%

refrain的用法和样例：

例句

用作动词(v.)

Sunlight can refrain the growth of melatonin in the body.阳光能抑制身体中褪黑激素的生长。
I carefully refrained from looking at him.我留意着避免朝他看。
I wish he would refrain from scattering his ash all over the carpet.我希望他不要将烟灰往地毯上乱弹。
You must refrain from smoking in this area.在这个区域，你必须克制自己不抽烟。
He could hardly refrain himself.他几乎不能自制。

用作名词(n.)

Will you all join in singing the refrain, please?请大家一道来唱副歌好吗?
Refrain makes the poetry beautiful.叠句让诗歌更优美。
Complaints about poor food in schools have become a familiar refrain.抱怨学校饭菜差已是耳熟能详的老调了。

常见句型

用作动词(v.)

用作不及物动词S+～(+A)

Refrain from smoking, please.请勿吸烟。
Her name was on the tip of my tongue,but I refrained from saying it just in time.她的名字已经到了我的嘴边上,我差一点没说出来。

用作名词(n.)

Refrain is often used in a poem.叠句常用于诗歌中。

词汇搭配

用作动词 (v.)

～+介词

refrain from laughing忍住笑

用作名词 (n.)

动词+～

take up sb's refrain为某人帮腔

经典引文

The song..had a popular refrain in which everyone joined.
出自：P. Mann
We were ashamed, and refrained our tears.
出自：B. Jowett

【近义词】

abstain戒绝
chorus合唱队
desist停止
catch phrase吸引人的词句...
exhortation劝告
buzzword流行词
hold back阻碍
leave off停止
cease终止
renounce声明放弃
shun避开
avoid避免
forego放弃
forbear忍耐
bridle马笼头，缰绳...
restrain抑制
curb路边
check检查
inhibit抑制

【反义词】

act行为
persist坚持

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administrative readjustment

colletotrichum rhoinum tassi