音标:['refәrәns] ; 柯林斯词典等级:3 级; 牛津三千核心词汇;
n. 参考, 索引, 参照
vt. 给...加上参考资料
vt. 引用
vi. 引用
[计] 引用
n. the most direct or specific meaning of a word or expression; the class of objects that an expression refers to
n. the act of referring or consulting
n. a publication (or a passage from a publication) that is referred to
n. the relation between a word or phrase and the object or idea it refers to
词型变化:名词复数形式 : references ; 过去式 : referenced ; 过去分词 : referenced ; 现在分词 : referencing ; 第三人称单数 : references
考试类型:[高考/四级/六级/考研/IELTS]
词性分布:
名词93%
动词7%

reference的用法和样例:

例句

用作名词(n.)
  1. This book is for reference only.这本书仅供参考。
  2. This frame of reference will be determined by the limitations on the rational man's knowledge.这个参照系统决定于理性人知识的限制。
  3. Full reference citations are available on the readings page.全部参考资料的出处可以在阅读资料那页找到。
  4. Can we contact your references?我可以与你的推荐人联系吗?
  5. He has a good reference from his former employer.他有以前老板提供的一份很好的推荐书。
用作动词(v.)
  1. Paraphrasing is not direct quotation, but you still need to reference it.意译不是直接引用
  2. Each chapter is referenced in minute detail.每一章后面都附有极为详尽的参考资料。
  3. Each chapter is referenced, citing literature up to 1999.每一章都附有参考资料,引用文献截止到1999年。

常见句型

用作名词(n.)
  1. The play is full of references to the political events of those days.这剧本涉及当时的许多政治事件。
  2. Avoid any reference to his illness.千万别提起他的病。
  3. The author does not give references.作者没有注明参考文献的出处。
  4. Does he has references from former employers?他有以前雇主写的推荐信吗?
  5. The headmaster supplied him with a reference.校长给他提供证明人。

常用短语

用作名词(n.)
without reference to
    不考虑…,置…于不顾not taking account of sb/sth

词汇搭配

用作名词 (n.)
动词+~
  • contain〔give, provide〕 a reference包含〔提及,提供〕参考
  • cross reference(同一书或文件中的)相互参照
  • have a reference to和…有关
  • make a reference提及
形容词+~
  • constant〔further〕 reference经常〔进一步〕查阅
  • direct〔indirect〕 reference直接〔间接〕提到
  • future reference将来参考
  • good reference很好的推荐信
  • negative〔positive〕 reference否定〔肯定〕(某人)的证明书
  • passing reference稍稍涉及
  • excellent〔satisfactory〕 references有力〔令人满意〕的证明书
介词+~
  • for reference作参考
  • keep it for reference备作参考
  • in reference to that incident关于那件事
  • a frame of reference参照标准,准则
  • a list of references参考书目
  • load one's pages with references旁征博引
  • without reference to不管,不论,与…无关
  • without reference to age and sex不论男女老少
~+介词
  • reference to说到,提到,参考,查看
  • references to the opponents提到对手
  • reference to this point提及这一点

经典引文

  • The gaoler would do what he'd been paid for without further reference to his employer.

    出自:L. Garfield
【近义词】

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学英语单词
affective and conative processes
air intercept missile
aluminothermic weld(ing)
antiminority
applicable standard
aspidosamine
b-nt1(broadband network termination 1)
Baikalian orogeny
basari
base course material
bespitting
bi-erasure
bigaroons
bindaas
blaner
blast line
bobby pin
buffer assignment
capillifolia
cavia porcelluss
checkpoint restart
cougarlike
crow quill pen
cuprargyrite
cyst of salivary gland
czepiel
dation
dilatory pleas
dodecaoxide
dray chain conveyor
Dubai-esque
earth-return system
ecological equivalence
eczema sclerosum
EHD generator
ekstrom
epidote-gneiss
expressly agreed terms of the contract
fattened
FDT
feetfoot
final payment
Fort Bragg fever
frame method
gaseous ammonia
high pressure side
Hilum renale
horny crunb
hydraulic breakwater
Ibe wind
impetiginous
infra-
inner plate
intersite transmission
junction luminescent device
kazooing
khasiensis
lecanactis submorosa
masked dance of bangolo (ivory coast)
matatanilactone
material labor
Mbabane
Montaigne, Michel Eyquem de
neo-theory of population
neutrons from fission
non alkali glass
normal electrode potential
nototodarus hawaiiensis
numerically controlled shears
pfeffers
plated bar
Pollution of Ship's Noise
post-temporal
Prut
pulsating oxidative pyrolysis
pumping and drainage plan
ratchet winding wheel
regular annual continuous survey
restraint welding
ruddy turnstones
sage honey
scatter proofs
Scorpiothyrsus erythrotrichus
screw tool
semidiagrammatic
share-croppings
Siemens' syndrome
Silver liqueur
spherical union
starter formula
stationary counter
street-ward
super injunction
temperature run
tetrapterum
thiocarbonyls
trailer tape
universal amplifier
vv. thoracic? longitudinales
Wagner's corpuscles
wishbone trysail
woad