音标:['refәrәns] ; 柯林斯词典等级:3 级; 牛津三千核心词汇;
n. 参考, 索引, 参照
vt. 给...加上参考资料
vt. 引用
vi. 引用
[计] 引用
n. the most direct or specific meaning of a word or expression; the class of objects that an expression refers to
n. the act of referring or consulting
n. a publication (or a passage from a publication) that is referred to
n. the relation between a word or phrase and the object or idea it refers to
词型变化:名词复数形式 : references ; 过去式 : referenced ; 过去分词 : referenced ; 现在分词 : referencing ; 第三人称单数 : references
考试类型:[高考/四级/六级/考研/IELTS]
词性分布:
名词93%
动词7%

reference的用法和样例:

例句

用作名词(n.)
  1. This book is for reference only.这本书仅供参考。
  2. This frame of reference will be determined by the limitations on the rational man's knowledge.这个参照系统决定于理性人知识的限制。
  3. Full reference citations are available on the readings page.全部参考资料的出处可以在阅读资料那页找到。
  4. Can we contact your references?我可以与你的推荐人联系吗?
  5. He has a good reference from his former employer.他有以前老板提供的一份很好的推荐书。
用作动词(v.)
  1. Paraphrasing is not direct quotation, but you still need to reference it.意译不是直接引用
  2. Each chapter is referenced in minute detail.每一章后面都附有极为详尽的参考资料。
  3. Each chapter is referenced, citing literature up to 1999.每一章都附有参考资料,引用文献截止到1999年。

常见句型

用作名词(n.)
  1. The play is full of references to the political events of those days.这剧本涉及当时的许多政治事件。
  2. Avoid any reference to his illness.千万别提起他的病。
  3. The author does not give references.作者没有注明参考文献的出处。
  4. Does he has references from former employers?他有以前雇主写的推荐信吗?
  5. The headmaster supplied him with a reference.校长给他提供证明人。

常用短语

用作名词(n.)
without reference to
    不考虑…,置…于不顾not taking account of sb/sth

词汇搭配

用作名词 (n.)
动词+~
  • contain〔give, provide〕 a reference包含〔提及,提供〕参考
  • cross reference(同一书或文件中的)相互参照
  • have a reference to和…有关
  • make a reference提及
形容词+~
  • constant〔further〕 reference经常〔进一步〕查阅
  • direct〔indirect〕 reference直接〔间接〕提到
  • future reference将来参考
  • good reference很好的推荐信
  • negative〔positive〕 reference否定〔肯定〕(某人)的证明书
  • passing reference稍稍涉及
  • excellent〔satisfactory〕 references有力〔令人满意〕的证明书
介词+~
  • for reference作参考
  • keep it for reference备作参考
  • in reference to that incident关于那件事
  • a frame of reference参照标准,准则
  • a list of references参考书目
  • load one's pages with references旁征博引
  • without reference to不管,不论,与…无关
  • without reference to age and sex不论男女老少
~+介词
  • reference to说到,提到,参考,查看
  • references to the opponents提到对手
  • reference to this point提及这一点

经典引文

  • The gaoler would do what he'd been paid for without further reference to his employer.

    出自:L. Garfield
【近义词】

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学英语单词
alphaeus
audiofrequency meter
berti
category of vessel
cetoniidaes
closed-loop telemetry system
coinstantanean
compoundness
conformal gravity
conical seat nozzle
cross-arm
crystal loudspeaker
cute
demand quantity
diversiphiles
Eames lounge chair
earth loop
education u.s. copyright act
european swifts
floury potato
Flowery Kingdom
general-purpose control system
Gepatsch, Speicher
Great Budworth
Greec
hanft
hapned
Holy Mother
hopping john
horsetail lichens
imprisonment with suspension of sentence
initial potential flowing
inlaced
intale weight
jetadmins
kachauris
kirkland warbler
kunthianum
labourable
Likma
locatively
magnetically soft ferrite
Malimo machine
matrix graphite
mini rugby
nagyagites
Nazko R.
nebracetam
neuromechanically
Newman algebra
nonontological
North Atlantic Radio-Telephone
nucleates
obligatoriness
oil off
orange leaf disease
oxidation semiconductor
pay full value for sth
peculate
pine siskins
PMSL
policedog
protferriheme
pythmic
radiculomyelopathy
raffles
rarefied hypersonic aerodynamics
rentes
resistivity prospecting
rifampicins
rotary locking spring
Rousseauean
run-time data area
sales-driven philosophy
salinity gradient energy
seismic recorder
semicopes
skin glands
skin sarcoid tumor
slab heating
special bill
Spitskop
squeezing tube
stayes
Stria longitudinalis lateralis
technoerotic
telemechanisms
ten-ton
third stage of labo(u)r
thrombophlebitides
to squeeze out
top-lines
training expense
transinterhemispheric approach
Transjordanian
trasal glands
triphenyl orthoformate
tyre-chain repairing pliers
UNPUB
velocity of wave propagation
Visoderm