有声读物《孙子兵法》第37期:第六章 虚实(6)
英语课
虚实篇 NO.6:
故策之而知得失之计,作之而知动静之理,形之而知死生之地,角之而知有余不足之处。
故形兵之极,至于无形。
无形,则深间不能窥,智者不能谋。
因形而措胜于众,众不能知。
人皆知我所以胜之形,而莫知吾所以制胜之形。
故其战胜不复,而应形于无穷。
这句啥意思:
通过仔细分析可以判断敌人作战计划的优劣得失;通过挑动敌人,可以了解敌方的活动规律;通过“示形”,可以弄清地形是否对敌有利;通过试探性进攻,可以探明敌方兵力布置的强弱多寡。
所以,示形诱敌的方法运用得极其巧妙时,一点破绽也没有。
到这种境地,即使隐藏再深的间谍也不能探明我的虚实,智慧高超的敌手也想不出对付我的办法。
根据敌情采取制胜的策略,即使摆在众人面前,众人也理解不了。
人们都知道我克敌制胜的方法,却不能知道我是怎样运用这些方法制胜的。
所以战胜敌人的战略战术每次都是不一样的,应适应敌情灵活运用。
英文这么说:
Rouse him, and learn the principle of his activity or inactivity. Force him to reveal himself,so as to find out his vulnerable spots.
Carefully compare the opposing army with your own,so that you may know where strength is superabundant and where it is deficient 1.
In making tactical dispositions 2, the highest pitch you can attain 3 is to conceal 4 them; conceal your dispositions,and you will be safe from the prying 5 of the subtlest spies,from the machinations of the wisest brains.
How victory may be produced for them out of the enemy's own tactics--that is what the multitude cannot comprehend.
All men can see the tactics whereby I conquer,but what none can see is the strategy out of which victory is evolved.
Do not repeat the tactics which have gained you one victory, but let your methods be regulated by the infinite variety of circumstances.
《用兵策略》
这几句是讲对敌的策略。作者认为知己知彼,才能百战不殆。因此要多筹划,要了解敌人的行动规律,了解敌人所处的地理形势,了解敌人的长处短处。为此可以有意地激怒敌人,可以实地考查,甚至可以火力侦察。这几句所说的用兵策略,值得借鉴。
1 deficient
adj.不足的,不充份的,有缺陷的
- The crops are suffering from deficient rain.庄稼因雨量不足而遭受损害。
- I always have been deficient in selfconfidence and decision.我向来缺乏自信和果断。
2 dispositions
安排( disposition的名词复数 ); 倾向; (财产、金钱的)处置; 气质
- We got out some information about the enemy's dispositions from the captured enemy officer. 我们从捕获的敌军官那里问出一些有关敌军部署的情况。
- Elasticity, solubility, inflammability are paradigm cases of dispositions in natural objects. 伸缩性、可缩性、易燃性是天然物体倾向性的范例。
3 attain
vt.达到,获得,完成
- I used the scientific method to attain this end. 我用科学的方法来达到这一目的。
- His painstaking to attain his goal in life is praiseworthy. 他为实现人生目标所下的苦功是值得称赞的。