有声读物《孙子兵法》第76期:第十三章 用间(4)
英语课
用间篇 NO.4:
故三军之事,莫亲于间,赏莫厚于间,事莫密于间,非圣贤不能用间,非仁义不能使间,非微妙不能得间之实。
微哉微哉!无所不用间也。间事未发而先闻者,间与所告者兼死。
凡军之所欲击,城之所欲攻,人之所欲杀,必先知其守将、左右、谒者、门者、舍人之姓名,令吾间必索知之。
这句啥意思:
所以在军队中,没有比间谍更亲近的人,没有比间谍更为优厚奖赏的,没有比间谍更为秘密的事情了。
不是睿智超群的人不能使用间谍,不是仁慈慷慨的人不能指使间谍,不是谋虑精细的人不能得到间谍提供的真实情报。
微妙啊,微妙!无时无处不可以使用间谍。
间谍的工作还未开展,而已泄露出去的,那么间谍和了解内情的人都要处死。
凡是要攻打的敌方军队,要攻占的敌方城市,要刺杀的敌方人员,都须预先了解其主管将领、左右亲信、负责传达的官员、守门官吏和门客幕僚的姓名,指令我方间谍一定要将这些情况侦察清楚。
英文这么说:
Hence it is that which none in the whole army are more intimate relations to be maintained than with spies.None should be more liberally rewarded.
In no other business should greater secrecy 1 be preserved.
Spies cannot be usefully employed without a certain intuitive sagacity.
They cannot be properly managed without benevolence 2 and straightforwardness 3.
Without subtle ingenuity 4 of mind, one cannot make certain of the truth of their reports.
Be subtle! be subtle! and use your spies for every kind of business.
If a secret piece of news is divulged 5 by a spy before the time is ripe, he must be put to death together with the man to whom the secret was told.
Whether the object be to crush an army, to storm a city, or to assassinate 6 an individual, it is always necessary to begin by finding out the names of the attendants,the aides-de-camp, and door-keepers and sentries 7 of the general in command.
Our spies must be commissioned to ascertain 8 these.
应用案例:
陈平巧计救刘邦
从公元前206年到公元前202年,刘邦与项羽为了争夺皇权展开了长达4年的楚汉之争。公元前204年,刘邦被项羽包围在荥阳城中已经长达一年,项羽还断绝汉军的外援和粮食通道。刘邦的谋士陈平巧用离间计,救出了刘邦。项羽是一代名将,然而他却为人猜忌,易听信谗言。陈平利用这一点,先用重金收买了楚军将士,让他们散布钟离昧,龙且周殷等将士欲叛楚归汉的谣言。果然不出陈平所料,为人猜忌信谗的项羽果然对大将钟离昧不再信任如昔,不再与他们商讨军机要事,甚至对于他最为信任的亚父范增也抱怀疑态度。一心为国,忠心耿耿的范增不知项羽早已不信任他了,屡次进谏劝项羽速取荥阳,屡遭到冷遇。范增一气之下,辞官归乡,途中不幸染病身亡,一代忠臣含恨而死。
陈平巧用离间计,挑拨项羽君臣的关系,成功地营救出刘邦,为日后“刘邦”赢得楚汉之争的胜利奠定了基础。
1 secrecy
n.秘密,保密,隐蔽
- All the researchers on the project are sworn to secrecy.该项目的所有研究人员都按要求起誓保守秘密。
- Complete secrecy surrounded the meeting.会议在绝对机密的环境中进行。
2 benevolence
n.慈悲,捐助
- We definitely do not apply a policy of benevolence to the reactionaries.我们对反动派决不施仁政。
- He did it out of pure benevolence. 他做那件事完全出于善意。
3 straightforwardness
n.坦白,率直
- They were impressed by his sincerity and straightforwardness. 他的诚恳直率给他们留下了很深的印象。
- What some people take for rudeness is really straightforwardness. 一些人所认为的无礼实际上却是直率的表现。
4 ingenuity
n.别出心裁;善于发明创造
- The boy showed ingenuity in making toys.那个小男孩做玩具很有创造力。
- I admire your ingenuity and perseverance.我钦佩你的别出心裁和毅力。
5 divulged
v.吐露,泄露( divulge的过去式和过去分词 )
- He divulged nothing to him save the terrible handicap of being young. 他想不出个所以然来,只是想到自己年纪尚幼,极端不利。 来自辞典例句
- The spy divulged the secret plans to the enemy. 那名间谍把秘密计划泄漏给敌人。 来自辞典例句
6 assassinate
vt.暗杀,行刺,中伤
- The police exposed a criminal plot to assassinate the president.警方侦破了一个行刺总统的阴谋。
- A plot to assassinate the banker has been uncovered by the police.暗杀银行家的密谋被警方侦破了。