时间:2018-12-13 作者:英语课 分类:初中语法汇总


英语课
宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是"什么"。通常由名词或代词担任。如:He can spell the word.(他能拼这个词)
有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接宾语。间接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。如:He wrote me a letter . (他给我写了一封信)

有时可把介词tofor加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾语。如:He wrote a letter to me . (他给我写了一封信)



宾语又称受词,是指一个动作(动词)的接受者。宾语分为直接宾语和间接宾语两大类,其中直接宾语(经常指被做的人)指动作的直接对象,间接宾语说明动作的非直接,但受动作影响的对象。一般而言,及物动词后面最少要有一个宾语,而该宾语通常为直接宾语,有些及物动词要求两个宾语,则这两个宾语通常一个为直接宾语,另一个为间接宾语。

(1) 由名词、代词(人称代词要用宾格)、不定式、动名词、(宾语)从句充当,表示动作的承受者是“谁”或者是“何物”。如: The angel also came to Joseph and told him the same thing.(那个天使同样来到约瑟夫面前并且告诉他同样的事情。)(代词和名词充当两个宾语) / He told me that the company could not afford to pay him so much money.(他告诉我说公司付不起他那么多的钱。) (不定式作宾语) / They enjoy watching football games so much that they often forget their lessons. (他们如此喜爱看足球以至于常常忘记了他们的功课。) (动名词作宾语) / I think to be a children’s doctor is very rewarding.(我认为当个儿童医生是很值得的。) (从句作宾语)


  (2) 只有及物动词或介词才有宾语,不及物动词没有宾语,如果涉及到事物,则必须在不及物动词后面合适的介词Listen to the radio. (listen不是及物动词,故加to) / Can you hear anything exciting?(你能听到什么令人兴奋的消息吗?)


  (3) 宾语一般放在及物动词或介词的后面,但是在疑问句中,如果宾语是疑问词,则宾语要放在句首。介词的宾语如果是疑问词,则可以放在介词后或句首。如:What did he see? (他看见了什么?) / What does he write a letter with? (他用什么写的信?) / With what does he write a letter? (他用什么写的信?)


(4)“动词+副词+宾语”结构中,如果宾语是代词,则代词必须放在“动”“副”之间。如:Please put the shoes away. (请把鞋子收起来。) / Please put away the shoes. (请把鞋子收起来。) / Please put them away. (请把它们收起来。)


(5) 动词后面跟双宾语时可以采用两种结构:


      ①动词+间接宾语()+直接宾语()。如:He often gives me some help. (他常常帮我。)


②动词+直接宾语+介词+间接宾语。注意,一般情况介词用to,但动词是make, buy, borrow,介词用for.如: Please make me a kite. (请给我做个风筝。)Please make a kite for me.


  (6) 在“动词+宾语+宾补”结构中,如果宾语是不定式、动名词、宾语从句,则常用it做形式宾语,而将实际的宾语移到补语后面去。如:I found the job rather difficult. (我发觉这个工作相当难做。) / I found it rather difficult to do the job.


  (7) 宾语可以由从句充当,详见句”



 





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学英语单词
Acidosasa edulis
actuator mechanism
aerobic treatment
air relief shaft
Al Dhannah
automatic switch-over
be packed like sardines
Black Sea Fleet
bro
caninae
cat-call
category a
charterer
Chukchis
Conecuh R.
cooperstock
corner posts
datatypes
diisopropylamine
dinosein
Dornhagen
drum stumper
electrical shock protective device
embryogenically
emert
etinilestradiol
exclusive use
extensive reading
fifteen-pounds
firewaters
galerina hynorum
general layout of power station
Google networks
Gueldenstaedtia delavayi
histolysing
holistic model
housing window
IDLF
immune lysin
Indochina
inner suture
inside
intermediate counter-shaft
interosseous cubital bursa
key service unit
Kossi, Prov.de
kurchee
lamb expected daily gain
lighter-than-air craft
lithium fluoride
low neutron leakage fuel management
m.s.
main hook load
majesticness
malfusion of pancreatobiliary ducts
Medina-Sidonia
methylhydroxyisopro-pylcyclo-hexane
misexpression
neurite-growth
non-restrictions
nonsustainable
noteable
numerical tables
of every sort and kind
ouster
overthwart
photogrammetry
pillow boxes
plier with longitudinal groove
prefident
pressure reducer and attemperator
programmed inspection
qinetiq
radionavigation land station
ratio of grade
reference mark
rich ore practice
rill mark
satellite observatories
Schottky disorder
Second Decennial
shape constant
sheared buckling
sicilias
somatized
spazzs
sthreal
sympathectomised
syntactic approach
Sīāh Chaman
take into camp
thetagram
thousand kernel weight
trayfuls
two-way handshake
typical grading
unmisguided
upward and downward squint
urps
Venezia(Venetia)
we and they
wulfram