时间:2018-12-13 作者:英语课 分类:初中语法汇总


英语课
宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是"什么"。通常由名词或代词担任。如:He can spell the word.(他能拼这个词)
有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接宾语。间接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。如:He wrote me a letter . (他给我写了一封信)

有时可把介词tofor加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾语。如:He wrote a letter to me . (他给我写了一封信)



宾语又称受词,是指一个动作(动词)的接受者。宾语分为直接宾语和间接宾语两大类,其中直接宾语(经常指被做的人)指动作的直接对象,间接宾语说明动作的非直接,但受动作影响的对象。一般而言,及物动词后面最少要有一个宾语,而该宾语通常为直接宾语,有些及物动词要求两个宾语,则这两个宾语通常一个为直接宾语,另一个为间接宾语。

(1) 由名词、代词(人称代词要用宾格)、不定式、动名词、(宾语)从句充当,表示动作的承受者是“谁”或者是“何物”。如: The angel also came to Joseph and told him the same thing.(那个天使同样来到约瑟夫面前并且告诉他同样的事情。)(代词和名词充当两个宾语) / He told me that the company could not afford to pay him so much money.(他告诉我说公司付不起他那么多的钱。) (不定式作宾语) / They enjoy watching football games so much that they often forget their lessons. (他们如此喜爱看足球以至于常常忘记了他们的功课。) (动名词作宾语) / I think to be a children’s doctor is very rewarding.(我认为当个儿童医生是很值得的。) (从句作宾语)


  (2) 只有及物动词或介词才有宾语,不及物动词没有宾语,如果涉及到事物,则必须在不及物动词后面合适的介词Listen to the radio. (listen不是及物动词,故加to) / Can you hear anything exciting?(你能听到什么令人兴奋的消息吗?)


  (3) 宾语一般放在及物动词或介词的后面,但是在疑问句中,如果宾语是疑问词,则宾语要放在句首。介词的宾语如果是疑问词,则可以放在介词后或句首。如:What did he see? (他看见了什么?) / What does he write a letter with? (他用什么写的信?) / With what does he write a letter? (他用什么写的信?)


(4)“动词+副词+宾语”结构中,如果宾语是代词,则代词必须放在“动”“副”之间。如:Please put the shoes away. (请把鞋子收起来。) / Please put away the shoes. (请把鞋子收起来。) / Please put them away. (请把它们收起来。)


(5) 动词后面跟双宾语时可以采用两种结构:


      ①动词+间接宾语()+直接宾语()。如:He often gives me some help. (他常常帮我。)


②动词+直接宾语+介词+间接宾语。注意,一般情况介词用to,但动词是make, buy, borrow,介词用for.如: Please make me a kite. (请给我做个风筝。)Please make a kite for me.


  (6) 在“动词+宾语+宾补”结构中,如果宾语是不定式、动名词、宾语从句,则常用it做形式宾语,而将实际的宾语移到补语后面去。如:I found the job rather difficult. (我发觉这个工作相当难做。) / I found it rather difficult to do the job.


  (7) 宾语可以由从句充当,详见句”



 





标签:
学英语单词
a year and a day
acreage reserve
alldredge
associative detachment
auricutin
baby break
bentazon
blasts from the past
broadwing
calming wind and eliminating phlegm
calopyrenomycetes
car turnround time
Catalanism
chasseur sauce
chemolithoautotrophic
Chetvërtyy Kuril'skiy Proliv
chronoamperometrically
churriguera
cides
cinnamon seeds
composition rule
coronae australis
court of high commission
cracking process
crazing
Cyclanthera pedata
dallenbach
Department of Political and Security Council Affairs
dictenophiura
discrete normal divisor
disengaging shaft
external organs
FEWSG
flexible stranded wire
fluidized bed firing boiler
gearless traction
Gerdtremmelite
global navigation satellite system(gnss)
grown form
impaction retractor
in connection to
individual mold method
industrial reflector
kick arounds
loew
low lactose milk
lytic gland
maximum time delay allowed
meat patty former
mlv
mmwd
Mockrehna
modelessly
nail a lie
navigational ranging
nervous excitement
nest command list
No skin off my nose
octabenzone
outworthed
oxford englishes
pacing motion
pannon
particularists
peneplain(peneplane)
penthaleid
permanent waves
pinpointed
plunger gear
predatory war
protosyphilis
rammadan
refractory pot
removable bridgework
renunciatory
residual unbalance
Rideau Lakes
saddle carbine
sandstone dike
scoop net
security requirements
semiconductor laser conference
Shortandy
single-way radio communication
static death
straight line coding
subacoustic
take ... temperature
take up a quarrel
Theatre of the Street
theoretical frequency
Thoissey
trenchmore (england)
typhodes
underwits
uterosalpingography
vascular resistence
vesdre (weser)
walk out the door
weasiness
yang kung y?eh