时间:2018-12-01 作者:英语课 分类:初中语法汇总


英语课
简单句五种基本句型:
 

句子包含主要句子成分(主语、谓语)和次要句子成分(表语、宾语、宾语补足语),按照动词的性质将英语简单句划分为以下五种基本句型:


1、基本句型的词序:                   2、划分符号(没有统一规定,仅供参考)








主语:             定语:(      )


谓语:             状语:[       ]


宾语:             宾补:〈     


表语:          













主谓句型:SVi


主系表句型:SVlinkP


主谓宾句型:SVt.O


主谓双宾句型:SVtO间宾O直宾


主谓宾补句型:SVtOC







 


 


 


 


 


 


 


 




 


3、例句Jim is working [very hard] [now].(他现在正非常努力地工作。)


          She is young. (她年轻。)           It looks like rain. (天看上去要下雨。)


          The boy [always] kicked the dog [with his feet]. (这男孩老是用脚踢那只狗。)


          He has [never] bought me a toy [since last year]. (从去年起他没给我买过一个玩具。)


          He felt something (cold) <moving up his leg>.(他感到有个冰冷的东西顺着腿上爬。)


4英语词类与句子成分关系图







        句子成分         词类或短语




主语*




谓语




宾语*




表语*




定语*




状语*




宾语  


补足语






名词




√√√




×




√√√




√√







×









代词




√√√




×




√√√




√√




√√




×




×






形容词




×




×




×




√√√




√√√




×




√√






数词







×










√√√




×









 



 


 





时态语态形式




×




√√√




×




×




×




×




×






动词不定式




√√




×




√√










√√




√√√






动名词




√√




×




√√√










×




×






动词现在分词




×




×




×










√√




√√√






动词过去分词




×




×




×










√√




√√






副词




×




×




×










√√√









介词短语




×




×




×




√√







 √√










  [注释] 1表示某种词类可以充当某个成分, “√√表示某种词类经常充当某个成分, “√√√表示某种词类最经常充当某个成分。 ×表示某种词类不能充当某个成分。


        2“ * ”表示该成分可以由从句充当,如主语从句、宾语从句、状语从句等。





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