美国文化脱口秀 第404期:真不能跟外国人谈钱吗?

 　　这周，大家都在讨论12万是否算高收入，中国的情况我们就不多说了。说说美国吧！怎么样在美国算高收入？美国人谈钱、谈收入真的这么难以启齿？

　　关键词：
　　工资：income，salary还是wage?
　　这些词都可以，不过每个的用法有区别：
　　Salary: 工资
　　多用于annual salary (年收入、年薪)
　　Wage: 工资
　　多用于hourly wage (小时薪酬)
　　Income: 收入
　　多用于monthly or annual income (月或年收入)
　　Make money 赚钱
　　We don't really talk about salaries. Too sensitive: 美国人真的互相不太聊工资、聊收入，很敏感
　　But when we do: 不过如果问，可以这样问：
　　Q:
　　How much do you make a month/a year?
　　What's the pay like?
　　A：
　　I make xxx.
　　The pay is (good) or (bad).
　　This topic makes most people uncomfortable and awkward: 这个话题让大多数人很不自在、很尴尬
　　Makes you seem very nosy 1 if you ask: 如果你问，别人会觉得你很爱管闲事
　　美国，6位数是高薪
　　这几天，大家都在讨论的“12万”这个数字，英语怎么说？
　　正式：
　　120,000: a hundred twenty thousand
　　口语：
　　120 grand: a hundred twenty grand
　　120 K: a hundred twenty K
　　虽然美国人不太会谈具体的收入数字，但是会说大概范围：
　　A 5-figure salary: 5位数年薪
　　A 6-figure salary: 6位数年薪
　　If you make 6 figures, it's something to brag 2 about: 如果有6位数年薪，那也值得夸耀
　　Most Americans don't make 6 figures: 大多数美国人都没有6位数年薪
　　"高收入"怎么说？
　　最口语的3种说法：
　　Someone makes a high salary: 收入不错
　　Someone makes a lot: 赚很多钱、收入高
　　You're doing pretty well for yourself: 收入不错哦
　　正式的说法：
　　High income earner: 高收入者
　　It's too formal. We don't use it in daily life: 太正式了，口语里不会这么说
　　税前、税后、到手
　　Gross income (before tax): 税前收入
　　Net income (after tax): 税后收入
　　还有一个很形象的说法
　　Take-home salary/pay: 到手收入
　　存钱、储蓄
　　To save up (动词)
　　Savings 3 (名词)
　　It's hard to have savings nowadays: 现在要存钱真难
　　外国人怎么谈收入？
　　You don't talk about salary with mere 4 acquaintances: 一般性的熟人不会谈
　　It's a very private and sensitive issue: 总之是个特别私人、敏感的话题
　　真不能跟外国人谈钱吗?
　　#1.好朋友能谈吗？With close friends
　　We usually talk about what we do, not the salary: 和朋友之间谈工作，主要是聊在做什么事, 不是工资
　　I don't know how much most of my friends make: 我不知道我好朋友的收入水平
　　但有一种情况下，美国人会和朋友谈工资：
　　If you're looking for work in the same industry: 如果你找工作，那个行业正好是你朋友从事的
　　You can ask them for advice to make sure you don't get the short end of the stick: 可以问一下工资建议，确保自己不吃亏
　　But don't ask the exact amount: 但也不会问具体的数字
　　Salary range: 大概的工资范围
　　Ballpark figure: 大概的范围，ballpark是口语的说法
　　＃2.男女朋友呢？With your boyfriend or girlfriend
　　Only if you're in a steady relationship: 除非是关系特别稳定的
　　Maybe you're heading towards marriage: 有结婚打算的
　　People who just started dating don't talk about their salaries: 刚开始恋爱的，不会谈收入
　　＃3.家人之间呢？With your own family
　　You talk about it with your parents and siblings 5: 和父母、兄弟姐妹会聊
　　Maybe not always the exact figure: 有时也不是具体的数字
　　The first time I realized how much my parents made was during college application: 我第一次意识到我父母的工资是申请大学的时候
　　You have to put in your parents' income to see if you qualify for grants and scholarships: 要填父母收入情况，看你是否有资格申请助学金、奖学金
　　＃4.美国夫妻怎么管钱？With your husband and wife
　　In China, a lot of husbands give part of their salary to their wives: 在中国，很多先生会把收入的一大部分交给太太
　　The wife manages the household expenses: 太太会管理家用开支
　　Most married American couples have a joint 6 bank account: 很多美国夫妻会有一个联名账户
　　It's a pool of money: 把钱都集中起来
　　But each person still has their separate card and access: 但是夫妻各自有自己的卡，和独立使用的权限
　　#5.要付父母房租？Pay rent to your parents
　　Most Americans think adults shouldn't live with their parents: 大多数美国人觉得, 成年后要从家里搬出去
　　Adults should be independent: 成年了，要独立
　　But many people are moving back or never leave home because rent is so expensive: 但是现在，越来越多的人搬回去跟爸妈住，因为租金太贵了
　　Most parents will ask their children to contribute a fixed amount each month: 很多父母会让孩子每个月付一笔固定的钱
　　To cover utilities, groceries: 贡献水电费、吃的喝的
　　In China, we also give part of our salaries to our parents: 在中国，我们也会给父母工资的一部分
　　But they save it up for us: 但是爸爸妈妈会帮我们存起来