时间:2018-12-01 作者:英语课 分类:初中语法汇总


英语课
简单句
 

1、简单句的特点:简单句通常只由一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)构成。


2、简单句的种类:简单句一般分为陈述句、疑问句、感叹句和祈使句四种。


3、陈述句:


用来说明一个事实的句子叫陈述句。它有肯定式和否定式两种形式。


▲陈述句的肯定式: He is a middle school student.(他是个中学生)/ I have a hammer in my hand.(我手上有把锤子)/ She teaches us geography.(她教我们地理)/ The new play was good enough and everybody enjoyed it.(新的话剧非常好大家都喜欢)


▲陈述句的否定式:


1)谓语动词如果是 be 助动词、情态动词时,在它们的后面加“not”。如:My brother is not a teacher.(我的弟弟不是教师)/ He does not have a cousin.(他没有堂兄弟)/ I will not go there tomorrow.(明天我不去那儿)/ My mother is not cooking a meal in the kitchen.(我母亲现在不在厨房里做饭)/ You must not make such mistakes again.(你不该再犯类似错误了) / We haven’t discussed the question yet(我们还没有讨论那个问题呢).


2)谓语动词如果没有上述词语而是其他动词时,须在它的前面加do not(don’t).如: I don’t know anything about it.(此事我一无所知) / Li Ming does not feed pigs in the countryside.(李明不在农村养猪)/ We didn’t expect to meet her right here.(我们没指望着在这里见到她)/ We didn’t have a meeting yesterday afternoon.(昨天下午我们没有开会)


3)如果“have作“有”讲,也可以在它后面加not构成否定式,其形式与have got的否定式相同。 如:I haven’t (got) any brothers or sisters.(我没有兄弟姐妹)


  have 的否定形式:


     当表示“有”的意思时,可以采用以下三种形式:have+notdo not+ have have+ no+ n. 如:I have not enough food to eat.= I do not have enough food to eat. =I have no enough food to eat.


     have为助动词时,用“have+ not”结构。如:I have not been toShanghai


     have既不表示“有”,也不作助动词用时,用“do not+ have”结构。I didn’t have breakfast this morning.


     具体到反义疑问句中,则遵循以下原则:


     a.have表示含义时,反意疑部问部分可以用have形式,也可以用do形式。例如:

    He has a book in his hand, hasn't he?

    He has a book in his hand, doesn't he?

b.
当陈述部分的动词是have“有”的否定形式时,反意疑问部分是用have形式还是用do形式,取决于陈述部分的动词形式。例如:

    You haven't a car, have you?

    You don't have any money with you, do you?

c.
have不表示含义而表示其他含义时,反意疑问句则必须用do的形式。例如:

    We had a good time in the vacation, didn't we?

    He has his breakfast at seven everyday, doesn't he?

    You have to get up early tomorrow, don't you?


[注意]


①句子中如果有allbothvery much/well等词时,not一般构成部分否定,如果要完全否定,则通常使用noneneithernot…at all等;All of them went there.None of them went there.(他们全都去了那里→他们全都没去那里)


②句子中含有littlefewtoo()hardlyneverneithernorseldom等词时, 则视为否定句。如:Few people live there because life there is very hard.(几乎没有人生活在那里因为那里的生活太艰难了)


③陈述句(主语+谓语+其他)在口语中可以直接表示疑问,表示惊讶或明知故问。如:That’s your boss?(那就是你的老板?!)


④陈述句一般情况下应使用正常的语序, 即:主语+谓语+其他。但是有时会倒装,详见“倒装句”。


⑤所有的从句一律使用陈述句语序,即在连接词后采用“主语+谓语+其他”的顺序。如:The old man told me that he would live here for ten more years before he returns home. (老人告诉我说他还要在这儿住几年然后回家)/ Could you tell me who you saw at the party last night?(能告诉我在聚会上你都看见了谁吗?)





标签:
学英语单词
allupweight
analytically normal
Arbury
arbusculated
bannerol
bar head
beeatch
beyond sb.'s grasp
bitker
Bl. & H.
bound away
carrier leak
catabolism
catalog of charts and publications
cell-mate
clean sifting rate
clemen
common data system
comparison of field by vibration
cosying
critical fibre length
curvilinear search method
diabolonian
diisostearoyl ethylene titanate
dmec (dimethylol ethyl carbamate)
donnis
dust avalanche
electron defectoscope
errors-in-variables model
flowing print
free section
gas cost
genus laguncularias
glucose with vitamin D
Grimaldi, Joseph
gustavsen
hamsterleys
hardening constituent
heiser
higpass filter
hot-dogger
hydropillars
idiot-proofing
interchromosomal balance
interdiction fires
isoclase
jump to a conclusion
kruppizes
laryngostat
lens impaction
lethocerus indicus
low temperature heat recovery
lyophobicity
lysolecithine
Lédergues
maudies
medical attention
meliosma sinensis nakai
metallity
methods engineer
metric conversion
Moyen-Chari, Préfect.du
Munǔng-ri
Nepeta hederaceae
Nyimba
o-Tolualdehyde
oil pollution risk
oleaceaes
overall prolongation
Parthenocissus quinquefolia
patriss
penitential psalms
Philippe
phosphomonoester
PNdB, PNdb
post drill
powwow
presagement
psychic blindness
rabus
safetec
screw-post
self-medicated
sounding rockets
spayedest
starcruiser
sumless
tangential bracing
That's the ticket!
the probability is that
the rough and the smooth s
thermoin
trichodontids
umbrella cloth
undumped
us branch
vital principle
washing and conditioning drum
Weinstadt
Wethey.
XLSX
zbranek