单词：roughs
音标：[rʌfs] ；
v. 使粗糙( rough的第三人称单数 ); 过艰苦生活; 渡过暂时的难关; [体育]（橄榄球、足球等比赛中）粗暴对待(常与up连用
n the part of a golf course bordering the fairway where the grass is not cut short
v prepare in preliminary or sketchy form
v prepare in preliminary or sketchy form
rough的用法和样例：
例句
用作形容词(adj.)
- The rough road made the car vibrate.崎岖不平的道路使车颠簸得很厉害。
- You'd better give us a rough idea of your price.您最好给我们一个粗略的价格。
- It is only a rough guide to ideal weight.这只是一个实现理想体重的粗略的办法。
- They complained rough handling by the police.他们抱怨受到警察粗野的对待。
- I feel a bit rough--I'm going to bed.我有点儿不舒服－－想去睡觉了。
用作副词(adv.)
- He is now able to play rough and tumble with the other kids.现在他可以粗暴地摔倒其他孩子了。
用作名词(n.)
- I think that new singer is a diamond in the rough.我觉得那个新歌手是块未经雕琢的玉。
- Write it in rough and then copy it.先起草再誊写。
- We only saw the new painting in the rough.我们只见过那幅新画未完成时的样子。
用作及物动词(vt.)
- Micro-exfoliators help slough away rough, dull, uneven skin for a more radiant complexion.细腻的磨砂颗粒帮助去除被溶解的角质，使粗糙晦暗不均匀的皮肤重现柔嫩和光泽。
- The gang decided to rough him up,as a warning to others.暴徒们决定揍他一顿，作为对别人的警告。
常见句型
用作形容词(adj.)
用作定语～+ n.- The cat had a rough tongue.猫的舌头表面很粗糙。
- They knocked together a rough box with wooden boards.他们用木板草草地做成了一个粗糙的箱子。
- He took some nails and bits of wood, and built them into a rough cupboard.他拿了钉子和木头,做了一个粗糙的食品橱。
- In the dark our jeep bumped along the rough mountain road.黑夜里我们的吉普车在崎岖的山路上颠簸。
- The Poet's rough life contrasts with his sensitive poetry.这个诗人的豪放生活与他缠绵悱恻的诗篇形成鲜明的对照。
- We had rather a rough time.我们经历了一段艰苦的日子。
- It is a rough idea.那仅仅是个初步的想法。
- It's just a rough drawing.这只是一张草图。
- It was a rough but plentiful dinner with a rough country wine.这尽管是一顿粗茶淡饭,但很丰盛,而且还辅以乡间酿制的土酒。
- It's just a very rough translation.这只是一个非常粗糙的译稿。
- If you give me the rough draft of your article I'll lick it into shape for you.如果你愿把文章的草稿给我,我会为你把它修改得像样一些的。
- He files away the rough edges.他把粗毛边锉去。
- He wears a rough linen shirt and white short pants.他穿着粗亚麻布衬衣和白色短裤。
- As the jewel was in the rough state, he had no idea what size it would be when cut.这块宝石未经琢磨,他不知道加工后有多大。
- The ship-wrecked sailors were able to fit a rough shelter together from building materials that they found on the island.这些落难的水手在岛上找到一些建筑材料搭了一个简陋的房子。
- Would it be wise to launch into this rough sea?到这样汹涌的大海中游泳明智吗?
- The ship was badly knocked about by a rough sea.船被巨浪颠簸得很厉害。
- This paper feels rough.这纸摸起来是粗糙的。
- I think Jones has tended to get just a little rough.我觉得琼斯变得有点粗鲁了。
- His reply was a bit rough.他的答复过于粗鲁了一点。
- Should the weather be rough, we won't be able to go riding.万一是狂风暴雨的天气,我们就不能去骑马。
- The water was rough and, despite our low speed, we were drenched by spray.水上风浪很大,尽管我们的航速不快,飞溅的浪花仍湿透了我们的全身。
- The trip was rough.这次旅行很艰苦。
- Things are rough all over.情况非常困难。
- She is rough in speech.她说话粗鲁。
- He is rough in manner.他的举止不文雅。
- It's rather rough on him, having to work when other people are on holiday.其他人度假时他得工作,他真倒霉。
- You've been pretty rough on the children.你对孩子的态度太粗暴了。
- Don't be so rough with the child.对小孩不要这样粗暴。
- Her hands are rough with hard work.她的手因干粗活而变得很粗糙。
- This paper is too rough to write on.这种纸太粗糙,不能写字。
用作副词(adv.)
用作状语- I can live rough for a bit in the countryside.在农村我的生活可随便一些。
- Don't treat him rough.不要待他这样无礼。
- That fellow will cut up rough.那个家伙要撒野。
- The wanderer has to sleep rough.这个流浪汉到处为家。
- He estimated rough that his rate of profit would be ten percent at the outside.他大致地估计一下,他的利润最多不过10%。
- The coach chews out rough lazy players who slept for the whole morning.教练狠狠地指责了那些睡了一个上午的懒队员。
用作动词(v.)
用作及物动词S+～+ n./pron.- Don't rough my hair.别弄乱我的头发。
- The explorers had to rough it when they got into the jungle.那些探险家进入丛林后,不得不过着艰苦的生活。
- Living in a tent is not for me,I don't like roughing it.住在帐篷里不合适,我不喜欢过艰苦的生活。 1
- Satin is very easily roughed.缎子很容易起毛。
常用短语
用作形容词(adj.)
give the rough side of one's tongue- 对某人说出不客气的话 show a lack of gentleness, good manners to sbgive sb the rough side of one's tongue
I had to give him the rough side of my tongue to show my indignation.
我不得不狠狠地骂他一顿来出这口气。
用作副词(adv.)
play rough- 粗暴地做 do sth in the way that is not in a gentle way; do sth in the way that used force
用作动词(v.)
rough in (v.+adv.)- 画…的轮廓 put in a few practice lines in a drawingrough sth ⇔ in
I'll just rough in the shape of the head and you can paint the sky round it.
我先把头像的轮廓画出来,你再给周围的天空涂色。
- 作出,写出 make a first plan of a drawing or piece of writingrough sth ⇔ out
I'll just rough out the whole picture and you can do the details.
这幅画让我先大致画出整个布局,你再加上细节。
词汇搭配
用作形容词 (adj.)
～+名词- rough road崎岖的道路
- rough sea狂暴的大海
- rough time辛酸时期
- rough weather恶劣的天气
- rough on对…粗暴的
用作动词 (v.)
～+名词- rough one's hair弄乱头发
- rough curiously好奇地过简陋的生活
- rough dreadfully非比寻常地过简陋的生活
- rough extremely极端地过简陋的生活
- rough pleasantly愉快地过简陋的生活
- rough stiffly极度地过简陋的生活
- rough uncomfortably不自在地过简陋的生活
- rough uncommonly不平凡地过简陋的生活
- rough in画…的轮廓
- rough out作出,写出
经典引文
O'er rough and smooth she trips along.
出自：WordsworthThe rough granite surface of the column.
出自：G. VidalI felt its rough lip against my bare arm.
出自：G. SwiftThe hurricane roughs up the straw on..the ricks.
出自：R. JefferiesIf he roughed my suit, so much the better: I intend to rough his.
出自：E. Childers