时间:2018-12-18 作者:英语课 分类:美国文化脱口秀


英语课

   “Add oil”转正


  牛津词典在最近一次的季度更新中,将中文直译的加油“add oil”收入英语词库。
  Add oil: 加油
  “Add oil” has made it into the Oxford 1 English Dictionary: “add oil”被收入到牛津英语词典
  “Made it”是一个用途十分广泛的表达:
  I made it! 我成功了!
  He's finally made it! 他终于成功了!
  或是客人最终应邀来参加你的dinner party,你可以说:
  You made it! 你来了!
  和“add oil”类似,很多表达原本都不是标准英语,但在不同语言沟通交流的时候逐渐被英语国家的人广泛使用:
  Pidgin English: /?p?d?.?n/ 皮钦英语,洋泾滨语
  为了反应语言实际使用的真实情况,牛津英语词典会定期更新词库,收录不同领域和语境下的单词和词义:
  OED = Oxford English Dictionary: 牛津英语词典
  How does a word get into the OED?
  牛津英语词典如何收录单词?
  1.这个单词必须被使用足够长的时间:至少10年
  Sufficient: 足够的,充分的
  Reasonable: 合理的
  According to Oxford University Press, a word must require sufficient independent examples of use over a “reasonable amount of time” to be considered for inclusion.
  牛津大学出版社表示,一个单词需要有充足的单独使用实例,经过合理的足够时间的考验,才会被考虑纳入词典。
  Citation 2: 文内引用
  "It depends on the accumulation of a large body of published (preferably printed) citations 3 showing the word in actual use over a period of at least 10 years." according to the publisher.
  “取决于这个词在已出版的刊物中被引用次数的积累量,表明它至少在10年里被真实地使用。”出版人如是说。
  2.被大众广泛接受和熟知。
  Currency: 流通
  The publishers also consider whether the word has reached a "level of general currency", that is, understood by readers without the need of an explanation of its meaning.
  单词的通用程度也被纳入考量的标准之一,也就是说,单词的意思被读者熟知,不需要另外解释。
  The authority and legitimacy 4 of language comes from its users.
  语言的权威性和合理性应当来源于它的使用者。
  外来词
  其实英语中还有很多来自中国的外来词:
  Loanwords: 外来词
  Ketchup 5: 番茄酱,经马来语“kicap”从中国传入美国
  Fengshui: 风水。
  很多外国人会把Fengshui用作动词:
  I need to fengshui my apartment. 我需要找人看看公寓的风水。
  来自广东话“速速”:
  Chop-chop: 快一点
  Chop-chop, we're late! 快一点,我们迟到了!
  来自“工合”,工业合作社的简称:
  Gung-ho: /?ɡ???ho?/ very enthusiastic and energetic 充满干劲的。
  No matter how gung-ho you are when you start, you will tire. 不管你开始的时候多有热情,你都会疲惫的。
  来自中文“扣头”:
  Kowtow: /?ka??ta?/ 卑躬屈膝
  In fact, one cannot kowtow to both arguments.事实上,一个人不可能同时认同两种观点。
  英语怎么加油?
  了解add oil之后,你还记得加油的其它说法吗?我们来回顾一下“加油”更加常用的说法。
  观看球赛时给支持的球队加油:
  Come on!
  朋友明天参加一场重要的考试:
  You can do it!
  You're gonna ace 6 it!
  如果某件事情已经做得很好,希望他再接再厉:
  Keep it up!
  其它的说法:
  Let's go!
  Give it your all!
  说加油时人们往往会通过连读增强语气:
  C'mon /k??mɑ?n/ = Come on!
  Go get'em /'get?m/ = Go get them!

1 Oxford
n.牛津(英国城市)
  • At present he has become a Professor of Chemistry at Oxford.他现在已是牛津大学的化学教授了。
  • This is where the road to Oxford joins the road to London.这是去牛津的路与去伦敦的路的汇合处。
2 citation
n.引用,引证,引用文;传票
  • He had to sign the proposition for the citation.他只好在受奖申请书上签了字。
  • The court could issue a citation and fine Ms. Robbins.法庭可能会发传票,对罗宾斯女士处以罚款。
3 citations
n.引用( citation的名词复数 );引证;引文;表扬
  • The apt citations and poetic gems have adorned his speeches. 贴切的引语和珠玑般的诗句为他的演说词增添文采。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
  • Some dictionary writers use citations to show what words mean. 有些辞典的编纂者用引文作例证以解释词义。 来自辞典例句
4 legitimacy
n.合法,正当
  • The newspaper was directly challenging the government's legitimacy.报纸直接质疑政府的合法性。
  • Managing from the top down,we operate with full legitimacy.我们进行由上而下的管理有充分的合法性。
5 ketchup
n.蕃茄酱,蕃茄沙司
  • There's a spot of ketchup on the tablecloth.桌布上有一点番茄酱的渍斑。
  • Could I have some ketchup and napkins,please?请给我一些番茄酱和纸手巾?
6 ace
n.A牌;发球得分;佼佼者;adj.杰出的
  • A good negotiator always has more than one ace in the hole.谈判高手总有数张王牌在手。
  • He is an ace mechanic.He can repair any cars.他是一流的机械师,什么车都会修。
标签: 美国文化
学英语单词
ACTP
actual grade
adaptive estimation
address byte
all-optical
amphiumas
anti corrosive
architectural salvage
backmounted
banisher
barrenness
Bcdedit
bean-caper
beltedradial tire
business capital formation
camphonanic acid
chars
cnn
co-pays
coarse acceleration
come this way
convection-type desuperheater
counterbore cutter
cuff button
cycloastragenol
devolatilizations
dungeoning
ego-alter theory
environmental disease
ersk
eternizing
foll
four-level laser material
full-word
girthgear
glycerolinase
Helwan
humanistic disciplines
identical figures
innatist
input machine variable
insert icon
inter-company accounts
Khenifra, Prov.de
Kigahumo
korologos
lasionite
limerock
lobularity
loop jump
Lāngmoche
machine tooled
master console command
mean low-water lunitidal interval
megamansion
Mesulid
micro-thin
Microsoft Consulting Services
milk runs
Multiple-sclerosis
neou
no-'count
nontaxes
Oath of Abjuration
on-the-set
optimum specific speed
original payee
outof-town
overlapped image
Pasithea
paucistranded
piezo-quartz
pocatelloes
Psychrolutidae
put someone on its feet
pygathrix roxellana
Python molurus
quasi-flow
resalable
restatements
reversed upthrust
Rhaphigaster nebulosa
RSEXEC (resource-sharing executive)
schedule feeding
Schmidel's anastomosis
sensitivity adjustment of gravimeter
solidi
sprocket silent chain
streamling
sun cream
surge voltage protector
Swietinia
talkaholics
theoretical seismology
three layered neural network
Tinaquillo
tractor-driver
tremissis
trioxymethylanthraquinones
truncated frequency distribution
ulluco
W/S2