时间:2018-12-18 作者:英语课 分类:美国文化脱口秀


英语课

   “Add oil”转正


  牛津词典在最近一次的季度更新中,将中文直译的加油“add oil”收入英语词库。
  Add oil: 加油
  “Add oil” has made it into the Oxford 1 English Dictionary: “add oil”被收入到牛津英语词典
  “Made it”是一个用途十分广泛的表达:
  I made it! 我成功了!
  He's finally made it! 他终于成功了!
  或是客人最终应邀来参加你的dinner party,你可以说:
  You made it! 你来了!
  和“add oil”类似,很多表达原本都不是标准英语,但在不同语言沟通交流的时候逐渐被英语国家的人广泛使用:
  Pidgin English: /?p?d?.?n/ 皮钦英语,洋泾滨语
  为了反应语言实际使用的真实情况,牛津英语词典会定期更新词库,收录不同领域和语境下的单词和词义:
  OED = Oxford English Dictionary: 牛津英语词典
  How does a word get into the OED?
  牛津英语词典如何收录单词?
  1.这个单词必须被使用足够长的时间:至少10年
  Sufficient: 足够的,充分的
  Reasonable: 合理的
  According to Oxford University Press, a word must require sufficient independent examples of use over a “reasonable amount of time” to be considered for inclusion.
  牛津大学出版社表示,一个单词需要有充足的单独使用实例,经过合理的足够时间的考验,才会被考虑纳入词典。
  Citation 2: 文内引用
  "It depends on the accumulation of a large body of published (preferably printed) citations 3 showing the word in actual use over a period of at least 10 years." according to the publisher.
  “取决于这个词在已出版的刊物中被引用次数的积累量,表明它至少在10年里被真实地使用。”出版人如是说。
  2.被大众广泛接受和熟知。
  Currency: 流通
  The publishers also consider whether the word has reached a "level of general currency", that is, understood by readers without the need of an explanation of its meaning.
  单词的通用程度也被纳入考量的标准之一,也就是说,单词的意思被读者熟知,不需要另外解释。
  The authority and legitimacy 4 of language comes from its users.
  语言的权威性和合理性应当来源于它的使用者。
  外来词
  其实英语中还有很多来自中国的外来词:
  Loanwords: 外来词
  Ketchup 5: 番茄酱,经马来语“kicap”从中国传入美国
  Fengshui: 风水。
  很多外国人会把Fengshui用作动词:
  I need to fengshui my apartment. 我需要找人看看公寓的风水。
  来自广东话“速速”:
  Chop-chop: 快一点
  Chop-chop, we're late! 快一点,我们迟到了!
  来自“工合”,工业合作社的简称:
  Gung-ho: /?ɡ???ho?/ very enthusiastic and energetic 充满干劲的。
  No matter how gung-ho you are when you start, you will tire. 不管你开始的时候多有热情,你都会疲惫的。
  来自中文“扣头”:
  Kowtow: /?ka??ta?/ 卑躬屈膝
  In fact, one cannot kowtow to both arguments.事实上,一个人不可能同时认同两种观点。
  英语怎么加油?
  了解add oil之后,你还记得加油的其它说法吗?我们来回顾一下“加油”更加常用的说法。
  观看球赛时给支持的球队加油:
  Come on!
  朋友明天参加一场重要的考试:
  You can do it!
  You're gonna ace 6 it!
  如果某件事情已经做得很好,希望他再接再厉:
  Keep it up!
  其它的说法:
  Let's go!
  Give it your all!
  说加油时人们往往会通过连读增强语气:
  C'mon /k??mɑ?n/ = Come on!
  Go get'em /'get?m/ = Go get them!

1 Oxford
n.牛津(英国城市)
  • At present he has become a Professor of Chemistry at Oxford.他现在已是牛津大学的化学教授了。
  • This is where the road to Oxford joins the road to London.这是去牛津的路与去伦敦的路的汇合处。
2 citation
n.引用,引证,引用文;传票
  • He had to sign the proposition for the citation.他只好在受奖申请书上签了字。
  • The court could issue a citation and fine Ms. Robbins.法庭可能会发传票,对罗宾斯女士处以罚款。
3 citations
n.引用( citation的名词复数 );引证;引文;表扬
  • The apt citations and poetic gems have adorned his speeches. 贴切的引语和珠玑般的诗句为他的演说词增添文采。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
  • Some dictionary writers use citations to show what words mean. 有些辞典的编纂者用引文作例证以解释词义。 来自辞典例句
4 legitimacy
n.合法,正当
  • The newspaper was directly challenging the government's legitimacy.报纸直接质疑政府的合法性。
  • Managing from the top down,we operate with full legitimacy.我们进行由上而下的管理有充分的合法性。
5 ketchup
n.蕃茄酱,蕃茄沙司
  • There's a spot of ketchup on the tablecloth.桌布上有一点番茄酱的渍斑。
  • Could I have some ketchup and napkins,please?请给我一些番茄酱和纸手巾?
6 ace
n.A牌;发球得分;佼佼者;adj.杰出的
  • A good negotiator always has more than one ace in the hole.谈判高手总有数张王牌在手。
  • He is an ace mechanic.He can repair any cars.他是一流的机械师,什么车都会修。
标签: 美国文化
学英语单词
absorption reaction rate
abuse of law
acrobatic show
Aleksandrinka
Allo-PBSCT
application workspace
arbitrally
blinking method of stereoscopic viewing
brass watch case blank
Chilean tinamous
cixiid
clap-hand
common laburnum
compartment hot well
compartmentalised
conductivity
contra-cyclical measures
Coquimbo owl
cross platform
cyclotheric sedimentation
dc data set
determinable freeholds
diacetylurea
dicumarols
elasto-aerodynamics
erosional vacuity
erotematic
final thermomechanicaltreatment
Gamu
general most favoured nation clause
glory of the snow
green goodss
gyroso-
hally
haylee
hofners
hydrated stock
hyperthite
idiologism
in the jug
incidental cost
ioduretted
items sample
keep on trucking
kindjals
koevoets
laminated clay
Lasianthus formosensis
leveling off
macro-observation
magmatic circulation
marine windscreen
mGal, mgal
moisture measurer for sand and stone
muscle scars
N.C.
nbcc
nobeliums
nuclenoic
NuLab
on-state characteristic
peritoneal tap
phthioic acid
plate mangle
prends
prevention of collision
prolmon tablet
pyramidal cells
raw mast
reactor coolant system cold leg isolation valve
Regranex
relative-entropy
reliability index of generating system
risto
Rubus chiliadenus
sit down to
solti
standard reference materials
starch ester
static stability margin
stochastic procss
strict secrecy
stupiditarian
superior characters
switching pulse
symbiotic action
synedra undulata
synthetic nitrogenous fertilizer
systematic production of substitution lines
thuggish
total corneal transplantation
total variation decreasing scheme
Tuamarina
twin-screw conveyor
TWTA
ultraviolet radiations
unintentional nonlinearity
unquietous
wassily chair
wax string
y.m