时间:2019-02-22 作者:英语课 分类:美国文化脱口秀


英语课

   常有听众问,和美国人打交道,要注意什么?小到称呼、聊天,大到工作、商务合作。今天我们就总结一下美国人的特点,帮你跟美国人打交道、相处时更顺畅!


  关键词:
  It's such a big, broad topic: 这个话题很大You don't want generalize too much, but there're some generalizations 1 which could be made about American people: 我们不想过分概括,但美国人的确有些共同点可以总结分享Today, we'll go over some hallmarks of American culture and American people: 今天我们来说说美国文化和美国人的一些标志性特点美国人特点一:松弛、随和
  大多是美国人都比较松弛、很好相处。不过,不同地域的美国人也有些差异。
  比如,总的来说,东岸人节奏比较快、处事风格也如此;西岸人则更加悠闲、放松一些。
  Overall, American people are pretty relaxed: 总的来说,美国人很随和、松弛Of course, we've got uptight 2 people too: 但当然也有美国人很一板一眼easygoing: (形容人)随和,好相处
  Stereotypes 3 among Americans are that people from the west coast, for example Californians, are more relaxed and slow-paced: 美国人自己觉得西岸的人,比如加州人,比较放松,节奏比较慢People on the east coast are a little more fast-paced: 东岸的人生活节奏比较快hustle 4 and bustle 5: 忙碌喧嚣
  称呼:美国人更习惯用first name(名字)相称, 不太用title(头衔)在中国,我们习惯用头衔来称呼人,比如"某某总"、“某某老师"。 但是美国人,除非是正式场合或者对方级别特别高,一般都直接用first name(名字)相称。
  称呼总结:
  正式场合: 称谓 + 姓名 (例如Mr. Jackson)
  非正式场合: 名 (例如Jack)
  注意1:Mr. 或者Mrs, Ms后面用姓,不要用first name. 比如Mr. Peter, 听起来非常奇怪。
  注意2:美国人不用职业头衔相称,除非是政府官员。比如中文里,某某总,美国人不会说“General Manager/Managing Director某某",一般都直接用first name;叫老师,也不会说"teacher某某"。中小学生在学校会用"Mr./Mrs./Ms.+老师的姓”。大学生称呼教授会用Professor+姓。不过如果是每天见面、比较熟的教授,也都用first name。
  Even for many who are senior within the organization, they might still ask you to call them by their first names if the occasion is not too formal: 在公司里,如果不是特别正式的场合,许多高层管理还是会让员工直接用他们的名字称呼Generally, in school, you call your teachers by “title + last name”, for example Mr. Richards: 学校里学生叫老师一般还是会用“称谓+姓”,比如“Mr. Richards”
  At work, a lot of people prefer being called by their first names: 工作场合,很多人喜欢别人用他们的名来称呼他们We're on a first-name basis: 我们都直接叫对方的名字 (表示比较熟)怎么和美国人打交道
  遇到资历深的美国人,用尊称还是名字?
  第一次见面最好谨慎一些用尊称。但是很多美国人会说“Just call me...(first name)"In America, when you first meet someone very senior for the first time, address them as “Mr./Mrs./Ms.+ last name” to show respect: 在美国,如果是初次见到对方职位比你高货资历高的人,还是应该用Mr./Mrs./Ms.+姓氏来称呼对方,以示尊重Americans are relaxed, but they certainly value politeness: 虽然美国人很松弛,但是他们还是非常看重礼仪、礼貌的Mrs.和Ms.怎么用?
  Mrs.是已婚女士的称谓,一般是Mrs.+丈夫姓;Ms.这个称呼不一定只用来称呼年轻女性,而是不知道婚姻状况时都可以用美国人特点二:人人都是段子手
  美式幽默是美国文化的一大亮点。很多美国人幽默细胞十足,聊起天来段子一个接着一个。奥巴马总统虽然在重要的场合十分严肃,但他其实也是个实打实的段子手,每年白宫记者招待会上他都要好好露一手。
  Humor is a big part of American culture: 幽默是美国文化中很重要的一个部分Many of President Obama's speeches, except for ones that are extremely formal, actually have a lot of humor in them: 除了极为正式的演讲,奥巴马总统的许多演讲其实都挺幽默的A lot of the times, you want to lighten things up a bit: (演讲人)常常希望气氛能轻松一点Free spirit and creativity are valued in American culture: 美国文化非常重视自由和创造力跟美国人开玩笑,也得注意一个度
  It's one thing to understand it; it's another thing to do it well yourself: 听得懂美式幽默是一回事,要运用自如又是另一回事It takes years of practice to do it appropriately: 要掌握、恰当运用美式幽默,还得要多年的积累to feel out your crowd: 要分清楚场合,弄清听众是什么样的人放松只是美国人的一面,职场上美国人很拼
  凡事都有分寸,美国人也非常重视张弛有道。该幽默的时候可以幽默,但该严肃的场合就该严肃。工作、娱乐也一样。
  It doesn't mean you can just goof 6 around or joke around all the time: 和美国人打交道,绝对不是一味地放松随意Americans respect hard workers and independent, strong thinkers: 美国人工作拼、很有自己想法的人Americans value hard work, being dependable and problem-solving attitude : 美国人在职场上还是很拼的,工作的时候靠谱、有解决问题的态度非常重要平时别端着、该出手时就出手
  Americans also don't tend to take themselves too seriously, yet know how to be serious when they need to be: 美国人不喜欢端着、觉得自己很了不起的人,但是需要严肃的时候,他们的态度绝对一丝不苟We appreciate those who have poise 7 under pressure: 沉着镇定,从容不迫的人,会受人敬重Some people are very casual when you're just hanging out with them, but they have veryhigh standards of professionalism when it comes to work: 有些美国人平时嘻嘻哈哈,但涉及工作的问题上非常严谨、专业度很高、说一不二美国人着装:平时超休闲、重要场合很正式
  美国老百姓穿衣服,平时大多很休闲。但是遇到一些固定场合,比如工作面试、见客户、甚至去好一点的餐厅吃饭,他们还是会精心打扮、respect the occassion (尊重场合)。
  Americans tend to dress very casually in everyday life: 美国人平时穿着很休闲T-shirt, jeans, sneakers: T-shirt, 牛仔裤、球鞋But they certainly dress up if the occassion calls for it: 但是碰到必要的场合,他们绝对会打扮正式It might be a job interview, a client meeting or going to see a performance or to eat at a high-end restaurant: 比如说去参加面试、见客户、或者看演出、去高级餐厅总结概括
  In a nut shell in everyday dealings, Americans are very down-to-earth: 今天说了那么多,总结一下,日常生活中美国人普遍放松、朴实But they respect traditions, respect others and respect occassions: 但是他们会尊重传统、尊重他人、尊重场合

一般化( generalization的名词复数 ); 普通化; 归纳; 概论
  • But Pearlson cautions that the findings are simply generalizations. 但是波尔森提醒人们,这些发现是简单的综合资料。 来自英汉非文学 - 生命科学 - 大脑与疾病
  • They were of great service in correcting my jejune generalizations. 他们纠正了我不成熟的泛泛之论,帮了我大忙。
adj.焦虑不安的,紧张的
  • He's feeling a bit uptight about his exam tomorrow.他因明天的考试而感到有点紧张。
  • Try to laugh at it instead of getting uptight.试着一笑了之,不要紧张。
n.老套,模式化的见解,有老一套固定想法的人( stereotype的名词复数 )v.把…模式化,使成陈规( stereotype的第三人称单数 )
  • Such jokes tend to reinforce racial stereotypes. 这样的笑话容易渲染种族偏见。
  • It makes me sick to read over such stereotypes devoid of content. 这种空洞无物的八股调,我看了就讨厌。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
v.推搡;竭力兜售或获取;催促;n.奔忙(碌)
  • It seems that he enjoys the hustle and bustle of life in the big city.看起来他似乎很喜欢大城市的热闹繁忙的生活。
  • I had to hustle through the crowded street.我不得不挤过拥挤的街道。
v.喧扰地忙乱,匆忙,奔忙;n.忙碌;喧闹
  • The bustle and din gradually faded to silence as night advanced.随着夜越来越深,喧闹声逐渐沉寂。
  • There is a lot of hustle and bustle in the railway station.火车站里非常拥挤。
v.弄糟;闲混;n.呆瓜
  • We goofed last week at the end of our interview with singer Annie Ross.上周我们采访歌手安妮·罗斯,结果到快结束时犯了个愚蠢的错误。
  • You will never be good students so long as you goof around.如果你们成天游手好闲,就永远也成不了好学生。
vt./vi. 平衡,保持平衡;n.泰然自若,自信
  • She hesitated briefly but quickly regained her poise.她犹豫片刻,但很快恢复了镇静。
  • Ballet classes are important for poise and grace.芭蕾课对培养优雅的姿仪非常重要。
学英语单词
?-secretase
aero-engine aerodynamics
alfalfa caterpillar
amortization charge
baggagely
balanced digit system
bbygrls
Bebedero, Salina de
califor
camogie
Charata
cockarouse
code sequence generator
coming full circle
commiserator
complete bouguer anomaly
coupled camera
cross-current solvent extraction
decene
deem
descriptor of substructure
Dip Chem Eng
discloseable transaction
Drotrecogin
earthquake of distant origin
egological
episcleral tissue
feeding in
form feed out
frozen field
frozen snow crust
globulin zinc insulin
Grates Cove
grotesque stone
Hallow-tide
hevea brasiliensis (h.b.k.)muell.arg.para rubber tree
hyalospongiaes
hydraulic shear
hygrothermographs
hyper bolograph
inspection copy
integrated tug barge
jackiella javanica cavifolia
jamming roller
land(-)mobile
Li Chi
machinery
magnum (or capitate bone)
malahides
many-headed
mashat
medium gliding turn
miligant
misinterprete
motive
nafazodone
norths-about
on one's word of hono u r
optical-fibres
orthopsychiatrists
overload safeguard
panification
phenylleucine
phidiass
pleasure domes
plot against
podicipediform bird
proprietor's stake
punched card for visual selection
punctuate
re-entrainment
reallocator
recurvature of storms
reflection prospecting
rope sling
rubber packed coupling
sales growth
sharp V thread
Shimazu Hisamitsu
skywind
sleaths
spherical indicatrix of binormal
step screen
syndiclis lotungensis s.lee.
target radar
throttle control wire tube bracket
tiliquinol
to play hardball
transmission diameter
tressful
Trichterdine
ujong
under an accusation of
unified transfer tax credit
uninitiation
us family
volcano tectonic depression
warm temperate rain forest
whitening movement area
xanthomonas holciola(elliott)starr.et burkholder
yigit
zero-point adjustment