时间:2019-01-22 作者:英语课 分类:美国文化脱口秀


英语课

 餐桌礼仪


比较日常口语的说法是:
Table manners: 餐桌礼仪
这里的table就是指dining table。manner是举止的意思,如果小孩调皮,家长经常会说:
Mind your manners.注意你的举止,注意礼貌。
另一个更加高级正式的说法是:
Dining etiquette 1: /??t?k?t/ 就餐礼仪
在高级餐厅遵从餐桌礼仪是一种礼貌的体现,但并不是所有的西餐都要求循规蹈矩,日常生活里很多西餐都很简单随意。
Fine dining: 高级餐厅
Casual dining: 休闲餐饮
餐桌布置
说起西餐礼仪,首先就要从餐桌布置说起:
The table setting: 餐桌布置,摆放
Utensil 2: 用具,特指刀、叉、勺,或是中餐里的筷子。越靠外摆放的用具越小。
Deciding which knife, fork, or spoon to use is made easier by the outside-in rule —— use utensils 3 on the outside first and working your way inward.
在使用时有一个简单有效的规则:从外到内。先使用放在最外面的用具,再依次向里使用。
So, if you are served a salad first, use the fork set to the far left of your plate.
所以,如果你先吃沙拉,就用离盘子最远的那个叉子。
通常会有这些餐桌用具:
Bread knife &plate: 面包刀和面包盘,刀比较小,用来抹黄油。
Soup spoon &bowl: 汤勺和汤碗
Salad fork &knife, plate: 沙拉叉、沙拉刀和沙拉盘
Main course fork& knife & plate: 主菜叉、主菜刀和主菜盘
Dessert fork &plate: 甜点叉和甜点盘
在高级餐厅里还会有不同的酒水杯:
Water glass: 水杯
通常服务员会提供两种选择:
Sparking water: 气泡水
Still water: 没气泡的水
酒杯也有所不同:
Wine glass: 酒杯,红葡萄酒的杯子会比白葡萄酒的杯子大一些,便于红酒氧化,使品鉴者闻到更饱满的风味和芳香。
餐具礼仪
餐具的使用也有一些需要注意的礼仪:
The continental 4 style prevails at all meals, formal and informal, because it is a natural, non-disruptive way to eat.
欧式礼仪盛行于各种正式和非正式的会餐,因为它非常自然,没有违和感。
Hold your fork in your left hand, tines downward.
左手拿叉,叉子的尖头朝下。
Hold your knife in your right hand, an inch or two above the plate.
右手拿刀,放在离盘子一到二英寸的地方。
At informal meals the dinner fork may be held tines upward.
如果是非正式的会餐,叉子也可以朝上。
喝汤礼仪
喝汤在英文里不是drink soup,而是:
Eat soup: 喝汤
在正式的场合里,汤勺是从靠近你的一边,由内向外舀的:
Dip the spoon sideways at the near edge of the bowl, then skim away from you. Sip 5 from the side of the spoon.
什么时候吃
At a small table of only two to four people, wait until everyone else has been served before starting to eat.
在西餐中,每个人都有一份自己的食物,通常都是等大家的食物上齐了再一起开始吃。
At a formal or business meal, you should either wait until everyone is served to start or begin when the host asks you to.
在正式或者商业会餐中,也应该等大家的食物都上齐,或者等主人明确表示不需要等,你们先吃。
分享食物
中西餐另一个不同点在于分享食物:
Sharing food: 分享食物
Formal meals, no sharing.
如果是正式的会餐,不要分享食物。
Informal meals,people might offer you to try some of their food.
如果是非正式的会餐,对方或许会让你尝尝他们的食物。
提供食物
Formal meals, all food is served before everyone starts eating:
在正式会餐中,所有的食物都会在吃之前分配好。
Informal, the host will serve everyone's plate.
非正式的场合里,主人会给每个人的盘子里分别提供食物。
手放哪里&说话
在国外的家庭里,长辈经常会教育小孩这两条餐桌礼仪:
Don't rest your arms on the table: 不要把胳臂放在桌子上
Don't talk while chewing: 不要边嚼东西边说话

n.礼仪,礼节;规矩
  • The rules of etiquette are not so strict nowadays.如今的礼仪规则已不那么严格了。
  • According to etiquette,you should stand up to meet a guest.按照礼节你应该站起来接待客人。
n.器皿,用具
  • The best carving utensil is a long, sharp, flexible knife.最好的雕刻工具是锋利而柔韧的长刻刀。
  • Wok is a very common cooking utensil in every Chinese family.炒菜锅是每个中国人家庭里很常用的厨房食用具。
器具,用具,器皿( utensil的名词复数 ); 器物
  • Formerly most of our household utensils were made of brass. 以前我们家庭用的器皿多数是用黄铜做的。
  • Some utensils were in a state of decay when they were unearthed. 有些器皿在出土时已经残破。
adj.大陆的,大陆性的,欧洲大陆的
  • A continental climate is different from an insular one.大陆性气候不同于岛屿气候。
  • The most ancient parts of the continental crust are 4000 million years old.大陆地壳最古老的部分有40亿年历史。
v.小口地喝,抿,呷;n.一小口的量
  • She took a sip of the cocktail.她啜饮一口鸡尾酒。
  • Elizabeth took a sip of the hot coffee.伊丽莎白呷了一口热咖啡。
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