英语PK台 第114期:英语"连词"详解
英语课
1、once作副词译“曾经”，作为连词译“一旦”，引导条件状语从句。相当于if的加强形式。例如：I don’t believe 1 he was 2 once a thief 4. (once这里是副词)/ Once Aristotle had 5 made 6 up his mind 7 that heavy objects 8 always fell 9 faster than light objects, he taught 10 it as 3 a truth 11 to his students. (once连词)
2、在用as if引导的方式状语从句及表语从句中，根据情况要使用虚拟语气。例如：He talks as if he knew all about it. 但有时也可用直陈语气。例如：It looks as if it is going 12 to rain.
3、whether 13, if引导从句的用法区别：①引导主语从句、表语从句或同位语从句时，用whether，不用if。例如：Whether they will go to the Great Wall is not known 14./ The question is whether we can finish the task 15 on time./ The question whether we will take part 16 in the physics 17 contest 18 has not been decided 19. ②whether可接不定式，而if则不可。例如：I haven’t decided whether to leave or not. ③whether可作介词的宾语或置于句首表示强调，而if则不可。例如：Everything depends 20 on whether we have enough money./ Whether he will come, I am not sure. ④whether和if均可引导宾语从句， whether引导的宾语从句一般都是肯定句，if引导的宾语从句可以是肯定的，也可以是否定的（此时不能用whether），例如：Could you tell us whether/ if it rains in winter in Australia?/ I wonder 21 if it doesn’t rain. ⑤引导宾语从句的whether和if常可与or not连用。连用时要注意or not的位置，它一般与 whether、if分开使用，有时它可与whether合起来使用，但不能与if合起来使用。例如：I don’t know whether/ if they will come or not./ I don’t know whether or not they will come. ⑥if可用来引导条件状语从句，译“如果”，whether则不行。例如：If you work hard, you are sure to succeed 22.
4、as作从属连词可引导多种状语从句。①as引导时间状语从句，意为“当…时”。例如：As (he was) a young man, he was a storekeeper and later 23 a postmaster./ He sang 24 as he worked. ②as引导方式状语从句，意为“象…一样”。例如：We must do as the Party teaches us. ③as引导原因状语从句。意为“由于”，例如：As you are tired, you had better rest. ④as引导让步状语从句。意为“虽然”、“尽管”Child as he is, he can do it well. ( = Although 25 he is a child, he can do it well.) 另外，as做为关系代词还可以引导定语从句，如：I have the same book as you.
1 believe
v.相信；认为
- Believe it or not,that's the way it is.信不信由你，反正事情就是这样。
- I believe what you say.我相信你的话。
3 as
conj.按照；如同
- He got work in a hotel as a waiter.他在一家旅馆找到了当服务生的工作。
- In the hotel,the old men were drinking away as usual.在旅馆里，这些老人和往常一样喝个不停。
4 thief
n.贼；小偷
- He saw the thief running away.他看见贼逃走了。
- The thief broke the window and got into the house.那个窃贼打破窗子，进入屋内。
5 had
vbl.have的过去式和过去分词；conj.有
- I just had a good idea!我有个好主意！
- The boy had a small branch of a tree in his hand.这个男孩手上拿一条小树枝。
6 made
v.make的过去式和过去分词
- They were not made in china.它们不是中国制造的。
- The monkey made a long arm for the peach.猴子伸臂去摘桃子。
8 objects
n.物体( object的名词复数 )；目标；宾语；实体v.不赞成( object的第三人称单数 )；抗议；拒绝接受；抱反感
- everyday objects such as cups and saucers 诸如杯碟之类的日用品
- She objects to the ritual of organized religion. 她反对有组织宗教的仪规。
9 fell
vbl.fall的过去式，vt.击倒，打倒（疾病等），致于...死地，砍伐；n.一季所伐的木材，兽皮，羊毛；adj.凶猛的，可怕的
- I fell to the ground.我摔倒在地上。
- The young couple fell in love at first sight.这对年轻人一见钟情。
10 taught
v.teach的过去式过去分词
- Children must be taught to be careful of traffic.必须教育孩子要当心车辆。
- Miss Brown taught my daughter last year.去年是布朗小姐教我女儿的。
11 truth
n.真理；真相，事实，实际情况
- We must find out the truth of the matter.我们必须弄清楚事情的真相。
- You may trust me that I'm speaking the truth.你可以相信我在说实话。
12 going
n.去，离去，地面(或道路)的状况，工作情况；(复数形式）goings: 行为；adj.进行中的，流行的，现存的
- We're going to listen to a report this afternoon. 今天下午我们要去听报告。
- He hates leaving the office and going on holiday.他不愿离开办公室去度假。
13 whether
conj.是否…，是不是…；是否…，是不是…
- I cannot say whether it was Saturday or Sunday.我无法肯定那天是星期六还是星期天。
- I don't care whether it rains,I am happy.我才不在乎下不下雨呢，我快活着呢。
14 known
adj.大家知道的；知名的，已知的
- He is a known artist.他是一个知名的艺术家。
- He is known both as a painter and as a statesman.他是知名的画家及政治家。
15 task
n.任务，工作，作业
- Our task is to supply vegetables all the year round.我们的任务是全年供应蔬菜。
- I repeat that we cannot undertake the task.我再说一遍，我们不能承担这项任务。
16 part
n.部份，零件；角色，部位；vt.分开，分离，分配；vi.分离，离开；adv.部份地；adj.分离的
- This is the broken part.这就是损坏的部件。
- Which part do you play?你演哪一个角色？
17 physics
n.物理学；物理过程
- He is working hard at physics.他在攻读物理学。
- He's very interested in nuclear physics.他对核物理学非常感兴趣。
18 contest
n.竞争；竞赛，比赛；vt.竞赛，争取，争辩；vi.争夺
- Are you going to enter yourself for the contest? 你打算报名参加比赛吗？
- This is man's contest with nature.这是人与大自然的搏斗。
19 decided
adj.决定了的，坚决的；明显的，明确的
- This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
- There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。
20 depends
v.依靠( depend的第三人称单数 )；依赖；信赖；决定于
- The success or failure of the plan depends on you. 这项计划的成败取决于你。
- Our future prosperity depends on economic growth. 我们未来的繁荣昌盛依赖经济的发展。
22 succeed
vt.成功，继承，继续；vi.接替，有作为
- It was a good try but it didn't succeed.这是一个很好的尝试，但没有成功。
- If he has no children, who will succeed?如果他没有孩子，谁将继位？
23 later
adv.过后，后来；adj.以后的，更后的，较晚的
- He didn't turn up until half an hour later.半小时后他才出现。
- This part of the hospital was built on later.医院的这个部分是后来增建的。
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