CCTV9英语新闻11月：中国的双轨养老金制度-英语课

时间：2019-02-18 作者：英语课 分类：CCTV9英语新闻2013年11月

英语课

For more on China's pension system and the controversy 1 around it, we're joined in the studio by my colleague Zhong Shi.

Dongning: Zhong Shi, why don’t we start with why so many people are calling the pension system unfair and in need of change?

Zhong: Dongning, at the heart of the controversy is what we call the "dual-track system". It’s actually a product of the old planned economy. Take a look at these numbers. Government employees generally do not pay into pensions during their working years. But when they retire, they receive a pension of 70% to 90% of their working wage, depending on how many years they’ve worked. In sharp contrast, private enterprise employees pay 8% of their monthly income toward pensions, but only receive about 50% to 60% of their average wage level when they retire. Now, this is just a rough estimation, but if a civil servant and a company employee both make about 5,000 yuan a month before retirement 2, and let’s say they’ve both completed the 35 working years, the civil servant gets 4500 yuan a month in pension, but the company employee gets just under 3000 yuan. That explains why people are complaining so much. Dongning?

Dongning: Zhong Shi, despite wide-spread complaints, this two-track system has proved difficult to change. Why is that?

Zhong: You’re right Dongning. The government is not just realizing this problem now but its actions have proved less than successful. In 2008, the State Council chose the provinces of Zhejiang, Shanxi, Yunnan, Guangdong and the municipality of Chongqing for an experiment with public-sector 3 pension reform. But since then, no change has been made in policy. It’s not difficult to imagine the kind of resistance from public sector workers who have long grown used to the benefits from the system and are keen to keep the system in place. And another problem is the reportedly gigantic deficit 4 in China’s pension system. The figures are debatable, from 2 trillion yuan to as much 18 trillion yuan. But the deficit makes it difficult to come up with an alternative to the current two-track system.

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收听单词发音

1
controversy
6Z9y0

n.争论，辩论，争吵

参考例句：

That is a fact beyond controversy.那是一个无可争论的事实。
We ran the risk of becoming the butt of every controversy.我们要冒使自己在所有的纷争中都成为众矢之的的风险。

2
retirement
TWoxH

n.退休，退职

参考例句：

She wanted to enjoy her retirement without being beset by financial worries.她想享受退休生活而不必为金钱担忧。
I have to put everything away for my retirement.我必须把一切都积蓄起来以便退休后用。

3
sector
yjczYn

n.部门，部分；防御地段，防区；扇形

参考例句：

The export sector will aid the economic recovery. 出口产业将促进经济复苏。
The enemy have attacked the British sector.敌人已进攻英国防区。

4
deficit
tmAzu

n.亏空，亏损；赤字，逆差

参考例句：

The directors have reported a deficit of 2.5 million dollars.董事们报告赤字为250万美元。
We have a great deficit this year.我们今年有很大亏损。