But of course, life is more than just exotic chemistry. 但是当然,生命不仅仅是奇异的化学物质。 How do you stabilize those huge molecules that seem to be viable? 那是怎么稳定那些大量的、似乎有存活的分子的呢?
Now, the going gets tougher. The next stage introduces entities that are significantly more fragile, significantly more vulnerable, 现在,(变化的条件)就更加苛刻了。下一个阶段是初次形成的个体,个体是明显更加弱小
And this is how it works. Gravity is more powerful where there's more stuff. 这就是它怎么运作的。重力场的作用力更大,拥有比较多的物质。 So where you get slightly denser areas, gravity starts compacting clouds of hydrogen
So here's a great puzzle: in a universe ruled by the second law of thermodynamics, 所以,这就是个大谜团:在宇宙中,在被热力学第二定律规范下, how is it possible to generate the sort of complexity I've described, 怎么样才
First, a video. Yes, it is a scrambled egg. But as you look at it, I hope you'll begin to feel just slightly uneasy. 首先,来段录像。对,这是个被搅拌的鸡蛋。但是,当你看它的时候,我希望你能开始感受到有一点点
So at the end of my first year at Harvard, a student who had not talked in class the entire semester, who I had said, 所以我在哈佛的第一年结束的时候,我对整个学期在课堂上都没有说话的一个学生说: Look, you've gotta
When I was 19, I was in a really bad car accident. 在我19岁的时候,发生了一场很严重的车祸。 I was thrown out of a car, rolled several times. I was thrown from the car. 我整个人飞出车外,滚了好几圈。我是被扔出车外
I call this ability collective learning. It's what makes us different. 我把这个叫做集体学习的能力。这使我们如此特殊。 We can see it at work in the earliest stages of human history. 我们可以看到在人类历史早期的阶段
For most of that time of life on Earth, living organisms have been relatively simple -- single cells. 地球的大多数时间,生物体多是以简单的单细胞存在的。 But they had great diversity, and, inside, great complexity. 但是它们是
So -- Here we are, back at the convention center. 那么,我们现在回到演讲厅。 We've been on a journey, a return journey, of 13.7 billion years. 我们已经在一个旅行、一个追溯137亿年的旅行中。 I hope you agree this is a
I want to discuss with you this afternoon why you're going to fail to have a great career. 今天下午我想和你们讨论一下你为什么不会成就伟业。 I'm an economist. I do dismal. End of the day, it's ready for dismal remarks. 我是个经
I'm not quite sure why you decide not to do it. You're too lazy to do it. It's too hard. 我不太确定你为什么决定不去做。你太懒了。这事太难。 You're afraid if you look for your passion and don't find it, you'll feel like you're
And then, of course, another excuse: Well, I would do this, I would do this, but, but -- well, after all, I'm not weird. 然后,当然,另外一个借口:嗯,我会做这个,我会做这个,但是,但是,嗯,毕竟,我不是个怪人
So let's deal with those of you who are trying to find your passion. 所以咱们假设,咱们来处理一下你们当中想追寻梦想的人。 You actually understand that you really had better do it, never mind the excuses. 你实际上明白你最
I have a friend, proposed to his sweetie. He was an economically rational person. 我有个朋友,向他女友求婚。他是个会过日子的人。 He said to his sweetie, Let us marry. Let us merge our interests. 他对他女友说,咱们结婚吧
And if you don't find the highest expression of your talent, if you settle for interesting, 而且如果你找不到你才能的最高表达,如果你在有意思这里止步不前, what the hell ever that means, do you know what will happen at t
So we see Pranav here going into the supermarket and he's shopping for some paper towels. 我们看到Pranav现在去了超市,他打算买一些纸巾。 And, as he picks up a product, the system can recognize the product that he's picking up, usi
For one thing, if this was just the Ebbinghaus effect, 首先,如果真是艾宾浩斯效应, then we would expect the moon illusion to disappear for pilots flying high above the clouds 那么我们应该预期月球错觉对于空中的飞行员来
We dream to keep our brains working. 我们为了保证大脑运转而做梦。 The continual activation theory proposes that 持续激活理论提出, your dreams result from your brain's need to constantly consolidate and create long-term memorie
Looking up at the night sky, we are amazed by how it seems to go on forever. 仰望夜空,我们为它的永无止境而感到惊讶。 But what will the sky look like billions of years from now? 然而数十亿年前的天空又会是什么样子呢
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