大学英语自学教程上UNIT25

[00:04.70]Ameriacan Men Don't Cry
[00:06.99]美国男人不哭
[00:09.27]American men don't cry because it is considered not characteristic of men to do so.
[00:13.74]美国男人不哭，因为人们认为哭不是男人的特征。
[00:18.21]Only women cry.
[00:20.43]只是女人才哭。
[00:22.65]Cry is a "weakness"characteristic of the femaleand
[00:25.73]哭泣是女人特有的“软弱”的表现。
[00:28.81]no American male wants to be identified with anything in the least weak or feminine.
[00:32.78]没有一个美国男人愿意被人认为有一点儿软弱或女人气的东西。
[00:36.75]Crying, in our culture, is identified with childishness
[00:40.44]在我们的文化中，哭被看成幼稚，
[00:44.12]with weakness and dependence 1.
[00:46.60]被看成软弱和依赖性。
[00:49.08]No one likes a cry baby,
[00:51.30]没有人喜欢爱哭的孩子。
[00:53.52]and we disapprove 2 of crying even in childrend
[00:56.20]即使孩子们我们也不赞成他们哭，
[00:58.88]is couraging it in them as early as possible.
[01:01.66]我们尽量早地鼓励他们不哭。
[01:04.44]In a land so devoted 3 to the pursuit of happiness as ours
[01:08.23]在我们这样一个如此专注于追求幸福的国家里，
[01:12.02]crying really is rather un-American.
[01:14.54]哭实在十分不合美国传统。
[01:17.06]Adults must learn not to cry in situations in which it is permissible 4 for a child to cry.
[01:21.68]有的场合孩子要以哭，成年人应当学会在这些场合不哭。
[01:26.31]Women being the "weaker"and"dependent"sexit
[01:29.55]女人是“软弱的”和“依赖的”性别，
[01:32.79]is only natural that they should cry in certain emotional situations.
[01:36.26]因此很自然，她们在某些感情场合下就会哭起来。
[01:39.74]In women, crying is excusable.
[01:42.01]女人哭是可以原谅的。
[01:44.28]But in men, crying is a mark of weakness.
[01:47.10]但男人哭就是软弱的标志。
[01:49.92]So goes the American belief with regard to crying.
[01:52.81]这就是美国人有关哭的信念。
[01:55.70]"A little man,"we impress on our male children,"never cries.
[01:59.97]我们使我们的男孩子们铭记在心“小男子汉从来不哭。
[02:04.24]Only girls and crybabies do.
[02:06.58]只有女孩和爱哭的孩子才哭。”
[02:08.91]And so we condition males in America not to cry whenever they feel like doing so.
[02:12.64]我们也是这样调教美国男人，使他们想哭的时候做到不哭。
[02:16.36]It is not that American males are unable to cry because of some
[02:19.60]美国男人不会哭，
[02:22.84]biological time clock within them which causes thern to run downin that capacity as they older,
[02:27.27]不是因为他们随着年龄的增长体内的某个生物钟使其哭的能力消耗殆尽，
[02:31.69]but that they are trained not to cry.
[02:34.27]而是因为他们被训练得不哭。
[02:36.84]And so the"little man"controls his desire to cry
[02:40.17]于是这位“小男子汉”控制自己哭析愿望，
[02:43.50]and goes on doing so until he is unable to cry ecen when he wants to.
[02:46.78]并一直这样继续下去，直到后来甚至想哭的时候也不会哭了。
[02:50.06]Thus do we produce a trained incapacity in the American male to cry.
[02:53.99]结果我们就在美国男人身上造成了一种被训练得不会哭的能力。
[02:57.92]And this is bad.
[02:59.96]然而这并不好。
[03:02.00]Why is it bad?
[03:03.88]为什么不好？
[03:05.76]Because crying is a natural function of the human organism
[03:09.18]因为哭是人的机体的一种自然功能，
[03:12.60]which is designed to restore the emotionally disequilibrated person
[03:16.23]用于使感情失衡的人
[03:19.86]to a state of equuilibrium.
[03:22.34]恢复到平衡状态。
[03:24.83]The return of the disequilibrated organ systems of the boby
[03:28.14]人体器官系统从不平衡状态回到稳定状态
[03:31.46]to steady states or dynamic stability is known as homeostasis.
[03:35.78]或动态稳定状态叫做体内平衡。
[03:40.11]Crying serves a homeostasis function for the organism as a whole.
[03:43.79]哭为整个机体起着体内平衡的功能。
[03:47.47]Any interference with homo stasis
[03:50.36]任何对体内平衡的妨碍
[03:53.25]is likely to be damaging to the organism
[03:55.98]都可能损害机体。
[03:58.71]And there is good reason to believe that the American male's
[04:02.18]有充分理由相信，美国男人被训练得不会哭，
[04:05.66]trained incapacityto cry is seriously damaging to him. [04:09.14]这对他们是个严重损害。
[04:12.63]It is unnecessary to cry whenever one wants to cry,
[04:15.96]一个人不是什么时候想哭就有必要哭，
[04:19.29]but one should be able to cry when one ought to cry-
[04:22.32]但该哭的时候，也就是当他需要哭的时候，
[04:25.35]when one needs to cry.
[04:27.57]应能哭得出来。
[04:29.79]For to cry under certain emotionally disequilibrating conditions is necessary for the maintenance of health.
[04:35.23]因为在某些情感失衡的情况下，哭对维护身体健康是必要的。
[04:40.66]To be human is to weep.
[04:43.30]会哭是人的一种天性。
[04:45.94]The human species is the only one in the whole of animated 5 naturethat sheds tears

[04:50.96]人类是生物界中唯一能流泪的物种。
[04:55.99]The trained inability of any human being to weep
[04:59.68]把人训练得不会哭
[05:03.36]is a lessening 6 of his capacity to be human
[05:06.53]乃是减少他做人的能力
[05:09.71]a defect which usually goes deeper than the mere 7 inability to cry.
[05:13.53]这是一种通常比单纯不能哭更深刻的缺陷。
[05:17.36]And this,among other things,is what American parents
[05:21.04]而这，以及还有其它一些东西，
[05:24.73]with the best intentions in the world have achieved for the American male.
[05:28.56]正是美国的父母们以他们世上最良好的心愿给美国男性所造就的。
[05:32.38]It is very sad.If we feel like it,let us all have a good cry
[05:37.41]这是很可悲的。假如我们想哭，
[05:42.44]--and clear our minds of those cobwebs of confusion
[05:45.70]就让我们痛痛快快地哭一场，
[05:48.97]which have for so long prevented us from understanding
[05:52.20]把那些长期妨碍我们认识哭泣这一自然需要的那些陈旧混乱观念
[05:55.42]the natural necessity of crying.
[05:58.31]从我们的头脑中清除出去。
[06:01.20]Text B
[06:04.54]Stop Worrying Now!
[06:06.32]从现在起别再忧虑！
[06:08.09]Worry is one of the most common forms of emotional distressin our culture.
[06:11.28]忧虑是我们文化中最常见的情绪苦恼的表现形式之一。
[06:14.47]Almost everyone spends a considerable amount of Present moments worrying about the future.
[06:17.94]几乎每个人都把现在相当多的时间用于为将来忧虑。
[06:21.41]And virtually all of it is for nothing.
[06:23.29]这实际是徒自伤神。
[06:25.18]Obsessive worry will never make things any better.
[06:27.60]过分的忧虑完全于事无补。
[06:30.03]In fact, such worry will very likely help you to be less effective
[06:33.06]事实上，这种忧虑很可能让你
[06:36.09]in dealing 9 with the present.
[06:37.83]在处理当前事务时成效更小。
[06:39.57]In order to reduce worry,
[06:41.40]为了减少忧虑，
[06:43.23]it is necessary to understandthe subconscious 10 psychological "payoffs"
[06:47.11]有必要弄明白人们当初爱忧虑所能得到的潜意识心理“补偿”
[06:50.98]for choosing to worry in the first place.
[06:53.06]是怎么回事。
[06:55.14]"I can't do a thing. I'm,too worried about ..."
[06:57.96]“我什么事都干不了。。。。太让我发愁。”
[07:00.78]This is a common lament,
[07:02.70]这是很常听到的诉苦声。
[07:04.62]and one with a payoffthat keeps you standing 8 still
[07:07.28]种诉苦的回报会使你安之若素，
[07:09.95]and avoiding the risk of action.
[07:12.03]避免贸然行动。
[07:14.10]Clearly, it is easier; if less rewarding,
[07:17.04]很明显，和做一个积极的，全身投入的人相比，
[07:19.98]to worry than to be an activeinvolved person.
[07:22.62]有所忧虑较容易做到，只不过成事较少。
[07:25.26]By worrying about someone else,
[07:27.48]你为别人操心，
[07:29.70]you can label yourself as a caring person
[07:32.07]这样你可以把自己列为关心别人的人。
[07:34.45]Worry proves that you are a good parent or spouse
[07:37.23]为别人操心证明你是个好父亲或好母亲，或者是个好丈夫或好妻子
[07:40.02]("I can't help worrying--it's because I love you.").
[07:42.80]（我无法不为你操心——因为我爱你。）
[07:45.58]A handsome dividead,although lacking in logical, healthy thinking
[07:48.91]这是个相当不错的回报，只是缺乏合乎逻辑的，正常的思维。
[07:52.24]If you weigh too much, you may eat more when you worry;
[07:54.97]如果你太胖，你忧虑的时候可能吃得更多，
[07:57.70]hence, you have a good reason for hanging on to the worry behavior
[08:01.08]因此你就有正当的理由坚持忧虑不止。
[08:04.47]Similarly, you may find yourself smoking more in troublesome situations [08:08.15]同样，你可能发现你在烦恼的情况下烟抽得更多，
[08:11.83]and can use the worry to avoid giving up smoking.
[08:14.56]你可以以忧虑为由而不戒烟。
[08:17.29]The same neurotic 11 reward system also applies to health.
[08:20.68]同样的神经质的补偿系统也适用于身体健康。
[08:24.06]It may be easier for you to worry about chest pains
[08:26.84]为胸痛而担忧比冒风险
[08:29.62]than to risk finding out the truth,
[08:31.75]找出真正病因要容易，
[08:33.88]and then having to deal directly with yourself.
[08:36.31]然后不得不自己直接处理自己的问题更容易做到。
[08:38.74]Worry can bring a lot of diseasessuch as tension headaches and backaches.
[08:42.53]忧虑能产生很多疾病，如神经紧张性头痛、腰酸背痛等。
[08:46.31]While these may not seem to be payoffs,
[08:48.54]尽管这不能算是回报，
[08:50.76]they do result in considerable attention from others
[08:53.39]但它能引起别人相当大的关心
[08:56.03]and justify 12 much self-pity as well.
[08:58.36]并且能证明自怜是有道理的。
[09:00.68]And some People would rather be pitied than fulfilled.
[09:03.36]有些人宁愿被人怜悯而不肯发挥自己的潜能。
[09:06.04]Now that you understand the psychological support system for nerurotic worry
[09:09.62]既然你懂得了神经质忧虑的心理支持系统

[09:13.19]you can begin to devise some measures
[09:15.62]你就能够开始想出一些措施来减少
[09:18.05] for reducing the number of trouble some worry bugs 13 that breed in this erroneous.
[09:22.02]那些孳生繁衍在这一误区中的讨厌的忧虑虫。
[09:25.99]Begin to view your present moments as times to live,
[09:28.93]你要开始把你现在的时间看成生活的时光
[09:31.87]rather than times to worry about the future.
[09:34.21]而不是为未来忧虑的时光。
[09:36.55]When you catch yourself worrying,  ask yourself,
[09:39.42]当你发现自己在忧虑时，你要问问自己
[09:42.30]"What am I avoiding now by using up this moment with worry?"
[09:45.23]“我把现在的时间用于忧虑，目的是想回避什么？”
[09:48.17]Then begin to attack whatever it is you're avoiding.
[09:51.29]然后你就着手解决你正回避的任何事。
[09:54.42]A friend of mine spent a week on an island off the Connecticut cast.
[09:58.15]我的一个朋友在康涅狄格州海岸边的一个岛子上呆了一个星期。
[10:01.89]She enjoys taking long walks,
[10:04.25]她散步时喜欢走得很远，
[10:06.62] but soon discoveredthat there were a number of dogs on the island
[10:09.44]但她很快发现，岛上有些狗，可以到处乱跑。
[10:12.26]which were allowed to run free.
[10:14.23]她担心狗可能会咬她，
[10:16.20]She decided 14 to fight her worry that they might attack her.
[10:19.34]决心战胜自己的忧虑。
[10:22.47]She carfled a rock in her handand
[10:24.80]她手里拿了一块石头，
[10:27.12]resolved to show no fear as the dogs mine running toward her.
[10:30.10]下定决心，当狗冲她跑来时，决不示弱。
[10:33.08]Seeing someone who refused to hack 15 down,they turned and ran away.
[10:36.56]这些狗看见有人并不畏缩，转身就跑掉了。
[10:40.05]While I am not encouraging dangerous behavior,
[10:42.98]虽然我不鼓励危险行为，
[10:45.90]I do believe that a sensibly effective challenge
[10:48.48]但我确信，对忧虑的明智的有效挑战是最大限度地减少忧虑
[10:51.05]to worry is the most productive way to minimize its role in your life.
[10:54.33]在你生活中起作用的最有成效的办法。
[10:57.61]Ask yourself over and over.
[10:59.98]你要反复地问自己，
[11:02.36]"Will the future change as a result of my worrying about it?"
[11:05.14]“我对未来感到忧虑，未来会因此而改变吗？”
[11:07.92]Try to remember how many of the things you once,worried about
[11:11.05]你努力回忆一下，有多少件
[11:14.17]never become real at all.
[11:16.05]你曾经忧虑过的事情从未成真。
[11:17.93]Also ask yourself:
[11:19.90]你还应问问自己：
[11:21.87]"What's the worst thing that could happen to me (or them),
[11:24.40]“可能发生在我（或他们）身上的最坏的事是什么？
[11:26.92]and what is the likelihood of it occurring?"
[11:29.25]发生的可能性有多大？”
[11:31.59]You'll discover the absurdity 16 of most worries in this way.
[11:34.57]这样你会发现你的大部分忧虑是毫无道理的。
[11:37.55]Act in direct conflict with your usual areas of worry.
[11:40.58]你做事要和你平常忧虑的事情针锋相对。
[11:43.61]If you compulsively save for the future [11:46.09]如果你要强制性地为以后的日子存钱的话，
[11:48.57]use some money for your own enjoyment 17 today.
[11:50.91]不如现在就把有些钱用于眼前的享受。
[11:53.25]Enjoy life don't waste the present with immobilizing thoughts about the future
[11:57.07]享受生活吧，不要把你的现在浪费在关于未来的无所动作的思考上。
[12:00.90]There are some techniques for minimizing worry in your life.
[12:03.68]这是一些能够最大限度减少你生活忧虑的技术。
[12:06.47]But the most effective weapon you have is your own determination
[12:09.69]但你的最有效的武器是你自己把这种神经质的行为
[12:12.92]to drive this neurotic behavior away from your life.
[12:15.65]从你的生活中驱逐出去的决心。