高级口译相关笔记
英语课
高级口译笔记——文化交流（Cultural Exchange）
一：汉译英遇见的特别词汇
汉字的四声（平声、上声、仄声和去声） the four tones of Chinese characters, namely, the level tone, the rising tone, the falling-rising tone, and the falling tone笔画 stroke部首 radical 1偏旁 basic character component 2象形文字 pictograph
独角戏 monodrama/one-man play 皮影戏 shadow play 折子戏 opera highlights 单口相声 monologue 3 comic talk 对口相声 comic cross talk 说书 monologue story-telling 传说 legend 神话 mythology 4 寓言 fable 5
武术 martial 6 art 气功 controlled breathing exercise 气功疗法 breathingtechniquetherapy 春联 spring couplet 剪纸 paper-cut戏剧脸谱 theatrical 7 mask
草药的四气：寒、热、温、凉 four properties of medicinal herb： cold, hot, warm and cool草药的五味：酸、苦、甘、辛、咸 five tastes of medicinal herb： sour, bitter, sweet, hot and salty
二十四节气 the twenty-four solar terms天干地支 the heavenly stems and earthly branches清明节 the Pure Brightness Day端午节 the Dragon Boat Festival中秋节 the Mid-Autumn Festival
文化事业 cultural undertaking 8民族文化 national culture民间文化 folk culture乡土文化 native/country culture跨文化交流 cross-cultural communication文化冲击 culture shock
表演艺术 performing art舞台艺术 stage art流行艺术 popular/pop art高雅艺术 elegant/high art电影艺术 cinematographic art
十四行诗 sonnet 9三幕六场剧 a three-act and six-scene play音乐舞台剧 musical
复活节 Easter万圣节 Halloween
内容与形式的统一 unity 10 of content and form
古为今用，洋为中用。
Make the past serve the present and the foreign serve China.中国是一个历史悠久、文化灿烂的多民族国家。
China is a multinational 11 country with a long history and splendid culture.文化交流不是让外国文化吞没自己的文化，而是为了丰富和充实本民族的文化。
Cultural exchange is by no means a process of losing ones won culture to a foreign culture, but one of inriching a nations own culture.
二、练习
筷子起源于中国，现在许多亚洲国家都使用它。第一批筷子是骨头或玉制成的。在春秋时期出现了铜制和铁制的筷子。
在古代，富人家用玉或金子制成筷子以显示其家庭的富有。许多帝王有银制的筷子来他们的食物是否被投了毒。
友情提示：
筷子：chopsticks玉：jade
1 radical
n.激进份子，原子团，根号；adj.根本的，激进的，彻底的
- The patient got a radical cure in the hospital.病人在医院得到了根治。
- She is radical in her demands.她的要求十分偏激。
2 component
n.组成部分，成分，元件；adj.组成的，合成的
- Each component is carefully checked before assembly.每个零件在装配前都经过仔细检查。
- Blade and handle are the component parts of a knife.刀身和刀柄是一把刀的组成部分。
3 monologue
n.长篇大论，（戏剧等中的）独白
- The comedian gave a long monologue of jokes.喜剧演员讲了一长段由笑话组成的独白。
- He went into a long monologue.他一个人滔滔不绝地讲话。
4 mythology
n.神话，神话学，神话集
- In Greek mythology,Zeus was the ruler of Gods and men.在希腊神话中，宙斯是众神和人类的统治者。
- He is the hero of Greek mythology.他是希腊民间传说中的英雄。
5 fable
n.寓言；童话；神话
- The fable is given on the next page. 这篇寓言登在下一页上。
- He had some motive in telling this fable. 他讲这寓言故事是有用意的。
6 martial
adj.战争的，军事的，尚武的，威武的
- The sound of martial music is always inspiring.军乐声总是鼓舞人心的。
- The officer was convicted of desertion at a court martial.这名军官在军事法庭上被判犯了擅离职守罪。
7 theatrical
adj.剧场的，演戏的；做戏似的，做作的
- The final scene was dismayingly lacking in theatrical effect.最后一场缺乏戏剧效果，叫人失望。
- She always makes some theatrical gesture.她老在做些夸张的手势。
8 undertaking
n.保证，许诺，事业
- He gave her an undertaking that he would pay the money back with in a year.他向她做了一年内还钱的保证。
- He is too timid to venture upon an undertaking.他太胆小，不敢从事任何事业。
9 sonnet
n.十四行诗
- The composer set a sonnet to music.作曲家为一首十四行诗谱了曲。
- He wrote a sonnet to his beloved.他写了一首十四行诗，献给他心爱的人。
10 unity
n.团结，联合，统一；和睦，协调
- When we speak of unity,we do not mean unprincipled peace.所谓团结，并非一团和气。
- We must strengthen our unity in the face of powerful enemies.大敌当前，我们必须加强团结。
11 multinational
adj.多国的，多种国籍的；n.多国籍公司，跨国公司
- The firm was taken over by a multinational consulting firm.这家公司被一个跨国咨询公司收购。
- He analyzed the relationship between multinational corporations and under-developed countries.他分析了跨国公司和不发达国家之间的关系。