时间:2018-12-12 作者:英语课 分类:英语口译


英语课

   委婉语是各种语言中都有的一种语言现象,只不过委婉程度不同,翻译起来难度也就不同,有的时候千万别被委婉语的表面意思骗到哦,就像sanitary 1 engineer这个词,你理解它的真正含义吗?


  “He is a bicycle doctor. ” 此句不能译作:"他是个骑单车的医生",因句中的doctor是委婉语 (euphemism), 是某种职业的美称,故不作"医生"解,而是表示repair man的涵义, 因此应翻译为"他是个自行车修理工."委婉语起源于远古,维多利来女王时代中期为其鼎盛时期,在现代英语中, 其出现频率依然颇高,因为人们通过委婉语,可以用温顺悦耳的词语去谈论或叙述一些原来令人不快或逆耳之事物.为此,他们用domestic help, day help或live-in help代替mail或servant(佣人); 以custodian或superintendent替代doorkeeper, caretaker或janitor(看门人或管理人);用 She has a tile loose或She has a cylinder 2 missing去代替She is crazy或 She is not right in the head(神经失常).
  委婉语多如恒河沙数,不胜枚举,在此略举数例,以见一斑:
  原称委婉语无线电修理工 radio electrician——radio doctor理发师 barber——cosmotologist家庭妇女 housewife——household executive收垃圾工人 garbage collector——sanitary engineer老人 old people——senior citizens再看两个委婉语的例子:
  Nowadays many weight-watchers would like to go to the gym.
  如今有不少胖人喜欢到健身房去锻炼.
  They are the culturally deprived.
  他们是没有学识的人. 来源:www.examda.com值得注意的是,委婉语虽然是"古已有之,于今为烈",但决不能用得过多过滥. 使用时要考虑场合和对象,如用得不得体,反而会使你"欲礼而不达",甚至令人不知所云,一头雾水.
  You can find doctors and doctors in Hongkong!
  在香港,既有好医生,也有坏医生。 来源:考试大这句话不能译作:“在香港,你能看到很多很多的医生”。
  英语和汉语一样,词的重复(repetition)是一种修辞手段。一般说来,它表达强调语势,突出语义,以收到音调和谐、生动有力的修辞效果。例如:
  Scrooge went to bed again,and thought and thought and thought it over and over.
  斯克罗奇又上床睡觉,左思右想,想个不休。
  但是,在某些场合下,将某些词重复,并不是要收到突出语义的效果,而是为了表示“不同类型”的涵义。例如:You will find doctors and doctors in Hong Kong.的语义就相当于 You can find bad doctors as well as good doctors in Hong Kong. 该句的语义重点放在 “也有坏医生”上。
  再比如: 来源:考试大的美女编辑们You should know that there are books and books。
  你们要知道,书有好坏之分,既有好书,也有坏书。

1 sanitary
adj.卫生方面的,卫生的,清洁的,卫生的
  • It's not sanitary to let flies come near food.让苍蝇接近食物是不卫生的。
  • The sanitary conditions in this restaurant are abominable.这家饭馆的卫生状况糟透了。
2 cylinder
n.圆筒,柱(面),汽缸
  • What's the volume of this cylinder?这个圆筒的体积有多少?
  • The cylinder is getting too much gas and not enough air.汽缸里汽油太多而空气不足。
标签: 翻译
学英语单词
a yap
Acorus calamus L.
acquisition cost of assets
Aedes sollicitans
ashinaga longimana
auto body
baronady
bearing pulley
Berneses
Beyliss turbidimetre
birtley
bleaching cistern
block-release
boast oneself
Boujailles
boxwood dust
bump density
ceylonicus
Chungjin
CJR
clear profit
cloggers
colluvial deposit
colysis wrightii (hook.) ching
conduction heat losses
convolution sum
crazypaving
cultural connotation
custom-builds
cyprinotus naichan
dimethoxybromoamphetamine
dining-hall
docherties
drawing slate
dyskeratosis congenita
ecotoxicogenomic
energy-consuming
Epomate
erythema nodosum migrans
Etilfen
euthing
experiential word
fail in truthfulness
fast infrared port
feeding time
Fermi velocity
flat ways
forkner
fulgencio
Glugea
gwauns
half-model
hoary marmots
indeficiencies
Indus-Ganges River Lowland
ink-standish
Isoetopsida
isonitrosoacetanilide
jiggered up
Josef Michel Montgolfier
Karmpur
knobbing
lactrodectus
loberg
lyophilized skin
maximum-likelihood sequence estimation
Mu Dan
munim
nerf this
oil discharging rate
paphia amabilis
periphakitis
plane seat
pooch it
pseudoperonospora cubensis(berk et curt)rostowzew
rates of interest
relationally
saccharine sodium
sarcomatous goiter
serveco
Shing Mun Tunnel Road
solar energy collector
sororial
soterocyte
spodium
statistical quality control movement
stealth
styracitole
Sunnmφre
taking of leads
terry pile fabric
test bay
the information superhighway
throw ... in
tortoise age collection
turkey drumstick
unmirandized
unspammed
urries
visicode
wouldn't have a bar of
xanthic ferralsols