时间:2019-03-06 作者:英语课 分类:英语PK台


英语课

   现在完成进行时


  现在完成进行时表示动作从某一时间开始,一直持续到现在,或者刚刚终止,或者可能仍然要继续下去。(与since, for连用时,要用连续性动词,不可用瞬间动词,但连续性动词常常表示动作会进行下去)
  基本结构:主语+助动词(have/has)+been+doing+其他成分
  更多构成:I / we / you / they have been + 动词的现在分词;He / she / it has been + 动词的现在分词
  现在完成进行时的用法
  1.表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作,并且还将持续下去。
  例句:
  The Chinese have been making paper for two thousand years.
  中国有2000年的造纸历史。(动作还将继续下去)
  I have been learning English since three years ago.
  三年以来我一直在学英语。(动作还将继续下去)
  2.表示在说话时刻之前到现在正在进行的动作。
  例句:
  We have been waiting for you for half an hour.
  我们已经等你半个钟头了(人还没到,还会继续等)
  3.表示持续一直做下去的状态:
  例句:
  They have been living in this city for ten years.
  他们在这个城市已经住了10年了。(动作还将继续下去)
  I have been working here for five years.
  我在这里已经工作五年了。(动作还将继续下去)
  I have been writing a book.
  我一直在写一本书。(动作还将继续下去)
  They have been building a bridge.
  他们一直在造一座桥。(动作还将继续下去)
  4.表示现在以前一直在进行的动作强调动作的未完成性
  例句:
  It has been raining for 3 days。
  已经下了3天的雨了(现在还没停止)
  5.注意:表示状态的动词不能用于现在完成进行时。
  例句:
  I have known him for years.
  我认识他已经好几年了。
  错误:I have been knowing...
  这类不能用于现在完成进行时的动词还有:love爱,like喜欢,hate讨厌,think想,等等。
  现在完成进行时与现在完成时的比较
  1)现在完成进行时和现在完成时皆可表示动作对现在产生的结果,但前者所表示的结果是直接的,而后者所表示的则是最后的结果。
  例句:
  (a)We have been cleaning the classroom.
  (b)We have cleaned the classroom.
  (a)句可译为“我们打扫教室来着。”其直接结果可能是:我们身上都是灰。
  (b)句可以译为“我们把教室打扫过了。”
  其结果是:现在教室很清洁,可以用了。
  (a)句表示教室刚刚打扫过,
  (b)句则可能表示教室是昨天打扫的。
  例句:
  (a)Be careful! John has been painting the door.
  (b)John has painted the door.
  (a)句表示约翰刚刚把门油漆过,现在油漆还未干,所以你要小心。
  (b)句则无此含义,油漆可能已干了。
  2)现在完成进行时有时有延续性,现在完成时往往没有。
  例句:
  (a)They have been widening the road.
  (b)They have widened the road.
  (a)句的意思是他们在加宽马路,但尚未完工。
  (b)句的意思则是已完工了。
  3)但现在完成进行时并不总是具有临时的性质,如:
  例句:
  (a)My mother has been teaching English for twenty years.
  (b)My mother has taught English for twenty years.
  (a)句在此并无临时性质,但较口语化。
  (b)句则较为正式。
  (a)句表示动作现在仍在继续.并将延续下去,
  (b)句的动作是否延续下去,须由上下文决定,但在一般情况下都是延续下去的。
  4)现在完成进行时往往表示动作在重复,现在完成时则常常不带重复性。如:
  例句:
  (a)Have you been meeting her lately?
  (b)Have you met her lately?
  (a)句有“经常相会”之意,
  (b)句则没有。
  (5)现在完成进行时比较生动,有时含有明显的感情色彩,而现在完成时往往只说明一个事实,一种影响或结果,平铺直叙,没有什么感情色彩可言。
  例句:
  (a)What have you been doing?
  (b)What have you done?
  (a)句表示惊异。
  (b)句只是一个问题。
  (a)Have you been waiting long?
  (b)Have you waited long?
  (a)句较(b)句生动。
  (a)句比较口语化。
  例句:
  (a)I have been wanting to meet you for long.
  (b)I have long wanted to meet you.
  (a)句比(b)句更亲切,更有礼貌。
  例句:
  (a)Recently Mary has been doing her work regularly.
  (b)Recently Mary has done her work regularly.
  (a)句显然是在表扬玛丽。
  (b)只说明一个事实。

标签: 英语PK台
学英语单词
a-okay
Andriyivka
antique lace
antispirochetic
Apollinairian
apparatus of Goormagtigh
as black as my hat
automatic phase synchronization
Beanos
big ups
big-cities
boiler-plate
branch chain
bud off from
butt-jointed seam
centralized computer system
cerebellum (or small brain)
Cipangopaludina
clumsinesses
Coca-colonization
cold seal
condylostylus tenebrosus
Conoclinium
cyanopropyl
decellularising
decil
discontinuous ring
disseminated lesion
driftfish
duration of run
elastomter
endstate
enterprise risk management
epinephrine glycosuria
epitomy
excambing
field drive signal
foreign trade monopoly
forthbore
fundamental mesh
gani's mean difference
get small thank for it
grotesquer
guide reed
hemispherical source
hollow face
ice plank
infrared drier
interrupted repeated immersion test
intranodal
jail term
Kocherezhky
ladder diagram
Lassnitzhöhe
limophotosis
loss report
low-pressure gradient
lumped elements
macrandrium
matadan
moon-splashed
mraps
multiplicable
Nagma
nederlander
neonatal birthmarks
night traffic line
nonmeasured
out of the whole cloth
oxystelmine
Percoidea
persona grata
placentoside
police states
polycopids
production packer
recibiendo
renominations
reserve for taxes
returns ratio
rhTIMP
ribotoxins
Saint Andrew's cross
saphira
Sarawak
scanning process
Schering
semi-calyciform
solely
Spacebar key
spring abutment
spring-actuated stepping relay
sutura parietotemporalis
threeleaf soapberry
tilt-angle method
time tolerance
Trenton limestone
TRFACTOR
validity problem
weight measurement
Wet. Christian Rudolph de
writing form of order