英语PK台 第349期:Lisa Roet探索灵长类动物惊人交流能力

 　　Track One

　　When I was in high school I wanted to work with Zoology 1 or Primatology
　　在上高中时，我就想研究动物学或灵长类动物学。
　　I was fascinated with ‘human-animal’ communication
　　我很痴迷于“人类与动物之间”的交流。
　　Which was starting to be talked about in the ‘70’s when I was a child
　　这个话题在70年代时开始有人讨论，那时我还只是个孩子。
　　Scientists like Jane Goodall, for example, who was doing this research
　　像珍·古道尔这样的科学家当时正在做这方面的研究
　　The emotional aspects of animal behavior
　　动物行为情感
　　When I first did some research in Atlanta — I was invited to visit a language research centre there
　　当我开始在亚特兰大做些研究时，我被邀请参观当地的一个语言研究中心。
　　At Georgia State University where they were teaching chimpanzees to use sign language to communicate with the scientists
　　在乔治亚州立大学，他们教黑猩猩使用手语与科学家进行沟通。
　　Several years going backwards 3 and forwards with Atlanta working with one particular chimpanzee
　　我往返于亚特兰大好几年，与其中一只黑猩猩共事。
　　We used sign language as well as he used a computer system
　　我们使用手语，黑猩猩使用计算机系统
　　A hexagram system with 300 words — I would communicate with him on a daily basis
　　一个囊括300词的六角形系统 ——我每天都会用这个跟他交流
　　We would form things like ‘Going to the forest’
　　我们会用词语造句，比如说“到森林中去”。
　　He would tell me what he wanted to do — I would ‘take him out’ and we would do those activities
　　他会告诉我他想做的事—我就会“带他出去”，一起做他想做的事。
　　You are suggesting that these primates 4 have pretty close thinking pattern to humans
　　你是在说这些灵长类动物的思维模式与人类相当接近。
　　This chimpanzee had a video monitor in his room
　　这只黑猩猩的房间里装了个视频监拍器。
　　One of the first things — I asked him what he wanted to do that particular day
　　有件重要的事情是，有一天我要问他当天想做什么事。
　　He said "I want to see my cousin"
　　他说：“我想见见我的表亲。”
　　I asked the keeper who his cousin was — it was actually his friend, another chimpanzee that lives in another compound
　　我问饲养员他的表亲是谁——其实那是他的朋友，那只黑猩猩住在另一区域。
　　I asked if we could take him there — "No, you can't"
　　我问我们能不能把他带过来——“不，你们不能。”
　　So, the chimpanzee asked me to take the video monitor and go and take video footage
　　然后，我的那只黑猩猩要我带上视频监拍器，出去拍摄录像。
　　He had a keyboard system that said "You video me — show me"
　　他有个键盘系统会说“你拍视频给我看吧。”
　　Track Two
　　I had to go and take the camcorder
　　我不得不去拿便携式摄像机。
　　I took footage of this particular chimpanzee — I took it back, plugged it into his monitor
　　我给那只黑猩猩录了像——我得把摄影机拿回来，插进他的监拍器。
　　He texted and said ‘I love my cousin.’
　　他打字说 “我爱我的表亲”。
　　"How do you manage to get a chimp 2 to learn the keyboard?"
　　“你是怎么让一只黑猩猩学会使用键盘的？”
　　I have no doubt about the intellect of some of the higher apes such as the chimpanzee, the gorillas 5, and the orangutans
　　我丝毫不怀疑一些高等猿类的智商，比如黑猩猩、大猩猩还有红毛猩猩。
　　They are very intelligent creatures
　　他们都是非常聪明的生物。
　　I have just been at the Melbourne Zoo — I work closely with them on their ‘Palm Oil’ project
　　我刚去了墨尔本动物园——我和他们就 “棕榈油”项目有一些密切合作。
　　They have a big programme teaching children about one of their orangutans
　　他们有个很大的项目是教孩子了解猩猩中的一类。
　　They are known escapologists — they find bits of metal, they pick locks and they get out
　　猩猩是出了名的脱身术杂技演员——他们会找点金属，撬锁，然后逃脱。
　　They do it where no human can do it
　　他们能做人不能做的事。
　　Does this make you feel very sensitive when you hear about the harsh treatment of many of the primates — in the mountains of Africa — their territory getting smaller, the hunting going on
　　如果你听说许多灵长类动物受到残酷对待——比如在非洲的山区——他们的领地越来越少，而人类还在继续捕杀，你会不会十分敏感？
　　I am appalled 6 — it also reflects on how other people mistreat other humans as well
　　我很震惊——这也反映了人们也会虐待其他自己的同类。
　　Even through racist 7 reasons or lack of understanding
　　这种行为一般是种族主义或缺乏理解造成的。
　　It is always this fear of the other that humans have that creates some terrible behaviour
　　人类总是会有对其他同类的恐惧，这种恐惧致使人类对同类做出了一些可怕的行为。
　　What other parts of the world have you been into?
　　你还去过世界其他什么地方？
　　Worked in different zoos — Arnhem Zoo in Holland, worked in Borneo quite consistently, Atlanta
　　在不同的动物园工作过——荷兰的阿纳姆动物园，在婆罗洲也工作了很长一段时间，还有亚特兰大。