时间:2019-02-18 作者:英语课 分类:英语口译


英语课

   在公共场所我们随时都可以看到“禁止入内”、“禁止踏草坪”以及“违者罚款”等字眼。对大多数中国人来说,见到这些字眼已不觉着有什么不妥。但仔细推敲,这些语言给人一种居高临下,含有命令的意味。


  随着国门的打开,对外经济、文化的交流和发展以及人口素质的提高,我们再看这些警示牌总有一种不舒服感。“禁止”翻译成英语就是“Don't”。使用“Don't”口气比较生硬,不委婉。如“Don't pick the flowers”(禁止摘花),“Don't throw something out of the train”(禁止往车窗外扔东西),“Don't tread 1 on the lawn”(禁止践踏草坪),“Don't make noise”(禁止喧哗)等。当然这些句子无论是在语法上还是意思上都是非常正确的,但是语气显得很重,给人一种距离感。营造一种快乐随意的气氛,让大家身心愉快,一定的提醒是必要的,但是要避免生硬。
  英语是一种比较强调委婉的语言,在公园这样的地方一般不使用Don't这样生硬的词。如第一句“禁止摘花”可以译做“Keep away from the flowers , please . ”或者“Take care of the flowers, please.”这两句表达的是一个意思,但让人读了很舒服,使人不自觉地生出一种爱花的心情,把爱花当成是自己应尽的义务,跟竖牌子人的心情相一致。“take care of ”带有拟人色彩,将花看成是一个baby(孩子), 要人们像爱护和关心baby一样去爱护花木。如此,这个牌子的目的便达到了。再比如,“Don't make noise”(禁止喧哗)这种牌子也经常看到,我们完全可以将它译为“Quiet , please.”既简练,又标准。因此公共场合不用“Don't”照样能够达到如期的效果。
  同汉语一样,同样的意思在英语中可以有多种表达方式,不同表达方式的差别往往在于语气和情感,而语气和情感的选择又取决于具体的环境,所以英语标示的翻译一定要考虑具体的场合与对象,考虑被提示对象的阅读心理与情感,意思正确只是翻译的第一步。
  此外有些公共场所的提示语在英语中有其固定的用法如“No spitting”(禁止吐痰),“No smoking”(禁止吸烟)等等,但No与Don't不一样,它更多地被用在中性语境中。我们见到“不许动”,脑海中立即闪现“Don't move”, 而事实上外国警察所说的却是“Freeze”,或者“Hold it”。见到“动我就打死你”自然想到“If you move, I'll shoot you.”,而外国警察常说的却是 “Move and you are dead, man.”所以,我们应该掌握外国警察在类似情况下会怎样表达,而不是按照自己的表达习惯,用英文词把它说出来,虽然有时也可达意,但毕竟不是地道的英语。

vi.踩;行走;vt.踩烂(出);n.胎面,脚步声
  • A policeman walked by with a slow,measured tread.一名警察迈着小心的步子慢慢走过。
  • We heard father's tread on the steps.我们听到台阶上父亲的脚步声。
标签: 翻译
学英语单词
abreauvoir
affamishes
amundsens
antirepeater
apologize to sb for sth
ardhachandra aequilatera
arithmetic and logic register stack
band-wagons
Banganapalle
barbatolic acid
bealed
best pattern
blotless
blue elderberries
book-buying
breakablest
bridge control request push button
carancha
carbon brush yoke
channel logic
cholera red test
class-leadings
coal slurry
coastal jurisdiction
Codeleortone
conisance
copper (electro)plating
coraebus aesopus
counterproliferation
Cowan
crowbarring technique
current dollar value
cytapheresis
daily investigation for passenger flow
demi-revetment
depth-first reasoning
diphenyl black basc
effiency
epiphragms
family Dasyproctidae
floated surface
frozen up
gaudiest
genital pad
genus Carpodacus
glide path beam
ground-man
guttahs
h.f.spark leak detector
Haliseria
high resolution instrument
Hodgkindisease
inclined skip hoist
inverter supply panel
Janeite
Kuttner's ganglia
macchicken
mesocolopexy
moist district
more than ever before
movimiento revolucionario tupac anarus
negative-positive copying process
nickel-cobalt matte
numbering plan area
ocean thermal power generation
oil boundary advance map
pauley
photoelectric smoke detector
physical count
pickup guard
Potier's reactance
precision measuring technology
prime mover industry
profit equation
rabbling burner
re-apportionment
removal mechanism
scruffled
sensing finger
sex-linked trait
shale content
special operational policy measures
spheric tank
Steinach operation
stirring screw conveyer
stratfords-upon-avon
tenderable grade
term bond
the pure ego
the unification church
theophanus
thyroxine-binding globulin
tip cylinder of worm
tolylation
tomus
Tree-mensuration
triple-alpha process
two mice
unconvincedly
wave suppressor
y'all's
Yantikovskiy Rayon