英语构词法（01）-单词构词法
时间：2019-02-17 作者：英语课 分类：英文语法词汇
英语构词法（01）-单词构词法
AB.ABS
away,from
分离
字首 ab,abs 源自拉丁文介系词 a,ab 拉丁文的意思是 away,from 等. 通常在拉丁文较常见的介系词形态, 有 a,ab,abs 三种,后接名词为子音开头者用a,母音开头者用 ab,子音 t 与 q 开头者用 abs. 在拉丁文中即为字首,如 aberration 1 n. [脱离正轨],abduct 2 v. [诱拐] 等,出自拉丁文的 aberrare,abducere 等字. 在英文中拼法常见的有 ab 与 abs, a 则十分少见. 如 abominate 3 v. [痛恨],字根有ill omen 4 [凶兆] 之意, 因此 [视为凶兆而远离],便成了 [痛恨]. absolve 5 v.源自字根 solv,solu [放松],因此 absolve有释放的意思.
abdicate 6 让位,放弃
abduct 绑架,绑走
aberration 越轨,脱离常轨
abhor 7 憎恶,痛恨
abject 8 卑鄙的,卑屈的
abjure 9 (发誓)放弃
abnegate 放弃
abnormal 畸形,不正常的
abominate 痛恨,憎恶
aboriginal 10 土著的
abrade 11 磨损,摩擦
abrogate 12 取消,废止
abrupt 13 突然,陡峭的
abscond 14 潜逃,逃匿
absence 缺席,缺乏
absolute 纯粹,完全,绝对的
absolve 免除,赦免,解除
absorb 吸收
abstain 15 抑制,戒绝
abstract 抽出,提炼,摘录
abstruse 16 难解,深奥的
absurd 荒谬的
abundant 丰富,充足的
abuse 虐待,辱骂
AD
to,toward
向
字首 ad 源自拉丁文介系词 ad,在拉丁文中为 to 之意. ad 的拼法变化相当复杂,为了与字根配合,第二个字母d会消失或同化,而衍生出 a,ac,af,ag,al,an,ap,ar,as,at 各种形态,如 accustom 17 v. [使习惯於],affix 18 v. [黏上],append v. [添加] 等等. ad 原意虽表示方向,但与字根配合之后,则必须视该字的字根来定义.如 accelerate v. [促进],由字首 ac加上字根 celer [敏捷] 而成, 字根也是该字的意思. 再如adapt v. [使适应], 由ad 与 apt [适合的] 组成,apt 便成了该字的字义.
accede 19 同意,应允
accelerate 加快,加速
accost 20 招呼,搭话
account 叙述,说明
accredit 21 将(..)归於
accumulate 堆积,积聚
accustom (使) 习惯於
adapt 使适应,使适合
adhere 坚持,黏著
adjourn 22 延期,休会
adjure 23 恳求
adjust 调节,使...适合
administer 管理
admire 钦佩,叹赏
admonish 24 警告,告诫
adopt 采纳,收养
adore 敬慕,敬爱
adorn 25 装饰
adulterate 搀混,使品质低落
affable 和蔼可亲,殷勤的
affiliate 26 联合,加入,加盟
affirm 断言
affix 黏上,贴上,附加
afflict 27 使...痛苦
affront 28 侮辱
aggrandize 29 增强势力
aggravate 30 加重,惹怒
aggregate 31 总计,合计
aggrieve 32 使苦恼,使受屈
align 33 使合作,排列成行
allay 34 使和缓,使镇静
alleviate 35 减轻,使缓和
allocate 36 拨出
allot 37 分配
alloy 38 合金
allure 39 引诱
ally 联合,结合
ameliorate 改善
amenable 40 有责任,应服从的
amend 41 修正,改良
annex 42 并吞,附加
annihilate 43 消灭
annotate 44 评注,注解
announce 正式宣布
annul 45 取消,废止
apparatus 46 仪器
appeal 吸引力,恳求
appease 47 使平静,缓和
append 附加
appertain 属於,与...有关
apportion 分摊,分配
appraise 鉴别,评价
apprehend 逮捕,忧惧
approbate 认可,赞成
appropriate 拨(款),拨作(某目的)之用
arouse 引起,激起
arrange 处理,调解
assail 攻击
assault 攻击
assemble 集合,聚集
assent 同意,赞同
assert 断言
assimilate 同化,使类似,吸收
associate 结交,联合
assort 分类
assortment 各色俱备之物,物品总集
assuage 缓和
assume 假定,假装
assure 确告,保证
attach 系,附加
attain 得到
attaint 污辱,羞辱
attemper 冲淡,使缓和
attend 出席,到,注意
attest 证实
attune 使合调,使一致
aver 断言
avow 公开承认,坦白承认
awake 吵醒,唤起
- The removal of the chromatic aberration is then of primary importance.这时消除色差具有头等重要性。
- Owing to a strange mental aberration he forgot his own name.由于一种莫名的精神错乱，他把自己的名字忘了。
- The police caught the man who tried to abduct the boy for ransom.警察抓住了那个企图拐走这男孩以便勒索赎金的家伙。
- The news that we see those use network abduct children sometimes filled with apprehension.我们有时看到那些利用网络诱拐儿童的新闻都心惊肉跳。
- All the teachers abominate cheating in examinations.所有教师都憎恶考试作弊。
- It has been my tragedy that I abominate the English countryside.我不喜欢英格兰农村，这一直是我的不幸。
- The superstitious regard it as a bad omen.迷信的人认为那是一种恶兆。
- Could this at last be a good omen for peace?这是否终于可以视作和平的吉兆了？
- I absolve you,on the ground of invincible ignorance.鉴于你不可救药的无知，我原谅你。
- They agree to absolve you from your obligation.他们同意免除你的责任。
- The reason I wnat to abdicate is to try something different.我辞职是因为我想尝试些不一样的东西。
- Yuan Shikai forced emperor to abdicate and hand over power to him.袁世凯逼迫皇帝逊位，把政权交给了他。
- They abhor all forms of racial discrimination.他们憎恶任何形式的种族歧视。
- They abhor all the nations who have different ideology and regime.他们仇视所有意识形态和制度与他们不同的国家。
- This policy has turned out to be an abject failure.这一政策最后以惨败而告终。
- He had been obliged to offer an abject apology to Mr.Alleyne for his impertinence.他不得不低声下气，为他的无礼举动向艾莱恩先生请罪。
- The conqueror tried to make the natives abjure their religion.征服者试著让当地人宣誓放弃他们的宗教。
- Some of the Roman Emperors tried to make Christians abjure their religion.有些罗马皇帝试著使基督教徒宣誓放弃他们的宗教。
- They managed to wipe out the entire aboriginal population.他们终于把那些土著人全部消灭了。
- The lndians are the aboriginal Americans.印第安人是美国的土著人。
- The skin after trip is met abrade one chunk.摔倒后皮肤就会擦伤一大块。
- This standard applies to the test of colorless and optical glass relative to abrade hardness.本标准适用于无色光学玻璃相对研磨硬度的测试。
- When can we abrogate the national boundaries all over the world?什么时候可以在全球取消国界？
- A government may abrogate any unfair treaties.政府可以取消任何不公平的条约。
- The river takes an abrupt bend to the west.这河突然向西转弯。
- His abrupt reply hurt our feelings.他粗鲁的回答伤了我们的感情。
- Kenobi managed to kill Grievous，and abscond with his starfighter.克诺比试图击毙了格里沃斯，并拿他的战斗机逃跑了。
- You can not abscond from your responsibilities.你不能逃避你的职责。
- His doctor ordered him to abstain from beer and wine.他的医生嘱咐他戒酒。
- Three Conservative MPs abstained in the vote.三位保守党下院议员投了弃权票。
- Einstein's theory of relativity is very abstruse.爱因斯坦的相对论非常难懂。
- The professor's lectures were so abstruse that students tended to avoid them.该教授的课程太深奥了，学生们纷纷躲避他的课。
- It took him a while to accustom himself to the idea.他过了一段时间才习惯这个想法。
- It'shouldn't take long to accustom your students to working in groups.你的学生应该很快就会习惯分组学习的。
- Please affix your signature to the document. 请你在这个文件上签字。
- Complete the form and affix four tokens to its back. 填完该表，在背面贴上4张凭券。
- They are ready to accede to our request for further information.我们要是还需要资料，他们乐于随时提供。
- In a word,he will not accede to your proposal in the meeting.总而言之，他不会在会中赞成你的提议。
- He ruminated on his defenses before he should accost her father.他在与她父亲搭话前，仔细地考虑着他的防范措施。
- They have been assigned to accost strangers and extract secrets from them.他们被指派去与生疏人搭讪从并从他们那里套出奥秘。
- The president will accredit you as his assistant.董事长将任命你做他的助理。
- We accredit the invention of the electric light to Adison.我们把电灯的发明归功于爱迪生。
- The motion to adjourn was carried.休会的提议通过了。
- I am afraid the court may not adjourn until three or even later.我担心法庭要到3点或更晚时才会休庭。
- I adjure you to spare him.我恳求你饶恕他。
- I adjure you to tell the truth before this court.我要求你对本庭说实话。
- I will tactfully admonish him not to behave like this again.我会婉转的规诫他不要再这样做。
- Admonish your friends privately,but praise them openly.要私下告戒朋友，但是要公开夸奖朋友。
- She loved to adorn herself with finery.她喜欢穿戴华丽的服饰。
- His watercolour designs adorn a wide range of books.他的水彩设计使许多图书大为生色。
- Our New York company has an affiliate in Los Angeles.我们的纽约公司在洛杉矶有一个下属企业。
- What is the difference between affiliate and regular membership?固定会员和附属会员之间的区别是什么？
- I wish you wouldn't afflict me with your constant complains.我希望你不要总是抱怨而使我苦恼。
- There are many illnesses,which afflict old people.有许多疾病困扰着老年人。
- Your behaviour is an affront to public decency.你的行为有伤风化。
- This remark caused affront to many people.这句话得罪了不少人。
- All he desired was to aggrandize his estate.他所希望的只是扩充他的家业。
- The king sought to aggrandize himself at the expense of his people.国王以牺牲百姓为代价来扩大自己的权势。
- Threats will only aggravate her.恐吓只能激怒她。
- He would only aggravate the injury by rubbing it.他揉擦伤口只会使伤势加重。
- The football team had a low goal aggregate last season.这支足球队上个赛季的进球总数很少。
- The money collected will aggregate a thousand dollars.进帐总额将达一千美元。
- I hope I didn't aggrieve her feeling.我希望我并没有伤害到她的感情。
- Transshipment without permission,copy and other behaviors that aggrieve copyright are forbidden.禁止未经许可转载、复制及其他侵害著作权行为。
- Align the ruler and the middle of the paper.使尺子与纸张的中部成一条直线。
- There are signs that the prime minister is aligning himself with the liberals.有迹象表明首相正在与自由党人结盟。
- The police tried to allay her fears but failed.警察力图减轻她的恐惧，但是没有收到什么效果。
- They are trying to allay public fears about the spread of the disease.他们正竭力减轻公众对这种疾病传播的恐惧。
- The doctor gave her an injection to alleviate the pain.医生给她注射以减轻疼痛。
- Nothing could alleviate his distress.什么都不能减轻他的痛苦。
- You must allocate the money carefully.你们必须谨慎地分配钱。
- They will allocate fund for housing.他们将拨出经费建房。
- The government is ready to allot houses in that area.政府准备在那个地区分配住房。
- Who will she allot the easy jobs to?她把轻活儿分给谁呢？
- The company produces titanium alloy.该公司生产钛合金。
- Bronze is an alloy of copper and tin.青铜是铜和锡的合金。
- The window displays allure customers to buy goods.橱窗陈列品吸引顾客购买货物。
- The book has a certain allure for which it is hard to find a reason.这本书有一种难以解释的魅力。
- His scientific discoveries are amenable to the laws of physics.他在科学上的发现经得起物理定律的检验。
- He is amenable to counsel.他这人听劝。
- The teacher advised him to amend his way of living.老师劝他改变生活方式。
- You must amend your pronunciation.你必须改正你的发音。
- It plans to annex an England company in order to enlarge the market.它计划兼并一家英国公司以扩大市场。
- The annex has been built on to the main building.主楼配建有附属的建筑物。
- Archer crumpled up the yellow sheet as if the gesture could annihilate the news it contained.阿切尔把这张黄纸揉皱，好象用这个动作就会抹掉里面的消息似的。
- We should bear in mind that we have to annihilate the enemy.我们要把歼敌的重任时刻记在心上。
- Some people annotate as they read.有的人一面读书一面做注解。
- People annotate the history,so does the history annotate people.人们在注释历史，历史也在注释人们。
- They have the power to alter or annul inappropriate decisions of their own standing committees.他们有权改变或者撤销本级人民代表大会常务委员会不适当的决定。
- The courts later found grounds to annul the results,after the king urged them to sort out the "mess".在国王敦促法庭收拾烂摊子后，法庭随后宣布废除选举结果。
- The school's audio apparatus includes films and records.学校的视听设备包括放映机和录音机。
- They had a very refined apparatus.他们有一套非常精良的设备。