时间:2019-02-09 作者:英语课 分类:英语口译


英语课

   “He is a bicycle doctor. ” 此句不能译作:"他是个骑单车的医生",因句中的doctor是委婉语(euphemism), 是某种职业的美称,故不作"医生"解,而是表示repair man的涵义, 因此应翻译为"他是个自行车修理工."委婉语起源于远古,维多利来女王时代中期为其鼎盛时期,在现代英语中, 其出现频率依然颇高,因为人们通过委婉语,可以用温顺悦耳的词语去谈论或叙述一些原来令人不快或逆耳之事物.为此,他们用domestic help, day help或live-in help代替mail或servant(佣人); 以custodian或superintendent替代doorkeeper, caretaker或janitor(看门人或管理人);用She has a tile loose或She has a cylinder 1 missing去代替She is crazy或She is not right in the head(神经失常).


  委婉语多如恒河沙数,不胜枚举,在此略举数例,以见一斑:
  原 称 委 婉 语无线电修理工 radio electrician radio doctor理发师 barber cosmotologist家庭妇女 housewife household executive收垃圾工人 garbage collector sanitary 2 engineer老人 old people senior citizens再看两个委婉语的例子:
  Nowadays many weight-watchers would like to go to the gym.
  如今有不少胖人喜欢到健身房去锻炼.
  They are the culturally deprived.
  他们是没有学识的人.
  值得注意的是,委婉语虽然是"古已有之,于今为烈",但决不能用得过多过滥. 使用时要考虑场合和对象,如用得不得体,反而会使你"欲礼而不达",甚至令人不知所云,一头雾水.
  You can find doctors and doctors in Hongkong!
  在香港,既有好医生,也有坏医生。
  这句话不能译作:“在香港,你能看到很多很多的医生”。
  英语和汉语一样,词的重复(repetition)是一种修辞手段。一般说来,它表达强调语势,突出语义,以收到音调和谐、生动有力的修辞效果。例如:
  Scrooge went to bed again,and thought and thought and thought it over and over.
  斯克罗奇又上床睡觉,左思右想,想个不休。
  但是,在某些场合下,将某些词重复,并不是要收到突出语义的效果,而是为了表示“不同类型”的涵义。例如:You will find doctors and doctors in Hong Kong.的语义就相当于You can find bad doctors as well as good doctors in Hong Kong. 该句的语义重点放在“也有坏医生”上。
  再比如:
  You should know that there are books and books。
  你们要知道,书有好坏之分,既有好书,也有坏书。

n.圆筒,柱(面),汽缸
  • What's the volume of this cylinder?这个圆筒的体积有多少?
  • The cylinder is getting too much gas and not enough air.汽缸里汽油太多而空气不足。
adj.卫生方面的,卫生的,清洁的,卫生的
  • It's not sanitary to let flies come near food.让苍蝇接近食物是不卫生的。
  • The sanitary conditions in this restaurant are abominable.这家饭馆的卫生状况糟透了。
标签: 口译
学英语单词
accelerated increment after tihnning
air discipline
ambulacral leg
artificial bed
audit report development
avoy
axinost
be turned into
biotoxication
Boltzmann machine
bragg wavelength
calcium acrylate
causeries
cernicle
cobcoal
Codnor
controlled potential method
copses
country note
course reserves
Dienidol
differential manometry
digit unallowable
Dipoma
dispersing flux
diuretica Spiranthes
electromagnetic starter
excelsa
failure moment
fatigue of metal
final approach course
full-scale operation
gate signal
greis
Guerin's valves
halided
hardworked
heir custom
hemizygous veins
Hockx
hopkinsiaxanthin
illumination field
java virtual machine
Karambi
lavish of,be
lawgiver
Lazard
lifting plunger
ligamentum cricothyroideum
linear algebraic equation
Lodosa
main blower
main hauling line
mammary cancer
marginal enterprise
mastoiditis interna
Methyl-4-hydroxybenzoate
methylene blueeosin staining method
meurons
michelozzo
molasses mash
one country, two systems
ophyra chalcogaster
oscillographic integrator
Ostdorf
paraphyllia
pendular movement
physical impossibility
Pinckney
pleonexy
plugged in
power saving fluorescent lamps
preferential debts
re-decorated
risk assessment
risk-value index
row engine
sand swell
sarcosporidial cyst
securities industry
sherick
Sile, Fiume
simple sentence
smackdown
socialist economy
solar eyepiece
spheroidal pearlite
spring plate
stantons
stobbed
subcutaneous atrophy caused by steroid injection
sugar juice
sulphiredoxin
supercritical state
thermal axis
ultraviolet wavelength
under-performed
vegtable
Wessons
working side wedge angle
zeroset
zilin