时间:2019-02-09 作者:英语课 分类:英语口译


英语课

   “He is a bicycle doctor. ” 此句不能译作:"他是个骑单车的医生",因句中的doctor是委婉语(euphemism), 是某种职业的美称,故不作"医生"解,而是表示repair man的涵义, 因此应翻译为"他是个自行车修理工."委婉语起源于远古,维多利来女王时代中期为其鼎盛时期,在现代英语中, 其出现频率依然颇高,因为人们通过委婉语,可以用温顺悦耳的词语去谈论或叙述一些原来令人不快或逆耳之事物.为此,他们用domestic help, day help或live-in help代替mail或servant(佣人); 以custodian或superintendent替代doorkeeper, caretaker或janitor(看门人或管理人);用She has a tile loose或She has a cylinder 1 missing去代替She is crazy或She is not right in the head(神经失常).


  委婉语多如恒河沙数,不胜枚举,在此略举数例,以见一斑:
  原 称 委 婉 语无线电修理工 radio electrician radio doctor理发师 barber cosmotologist家庭妇女 housewife household executive收垃圾工人 garbage collector sanitary 2 engineer老人 old people senior citizens再看两个委婉语的例子:
  Nowadays many weight-watchers would like to go to the gym.
  如今有不少胖人喜欢到健身房去锻炼.
  They are the culturally deprived.
  他们是没有学识的人.
  值得注意的是,委婉语虽然是"古已有之,于今为烈",但决不能用得过多过滥. 使用时要考虑场合和对象,如用得不得体,反而会使你"欲礼而不达",甚至令人不知所云,一头雾水.
  You can find doctors and doctors in Hongkong!
  在香港,既有好医生,也有坏医生。
  这句话不能译作:“在香港,你能看到很多很多的医生”。
  英语和汉语一样,词的重复(repetition)是一种修辞手段。一般说来,它表达强调语势,突出语义,以收到音调和谐、生动有力的修辞效果。例如:
  Scrooge went to bed again,and thought and thought and thought it over and over.
  斯克罗奇又上床睡觉,左思右想,想个不休。
  但是,在某些场合下,将某些词重复,并不是要收到突出语义的效果,而是为了表示“不同类型”的涵义。例如:You will find doctors and doctors in Hong Kong.的语义就相当于You can find bad doctors as well as good doctors in Hong Kong. 该句的语义重点放在“也有坏医生”上。
  再比如:
  You should know that there are books and books。
  你们要知道,书有好坏之分,既有好书,也有坏书。

n.圆筒,柱(面),汽缸
  • What's the volume of this cylinder?这个圆筒的体积有多少?
  • The cylinder is getting too much gas and not enough air.汽缸里汽油太多而空气不足。
adj.卫生方面的,卫生的,清洁的,卫生的
  • It's not sanitary to let flies come near food.让苍蝇接近食物是不卫生的。
  • The sanitary conditions in this restaurant are abominable.这家饭馆的卫生状况糟透了。
标签: 口译
学英语单词
active addition
adjustable shore
autogeneses
bielinski
big-box stores
block header
Buck L.
Buck, Pearl
Charles Barry
civilisation
coal slime
collaborative Web browsing
cone-apex angle
conservation property
current source circuit
delta ring flange
despotic, despotical
despreading
DGBM
die cavity
diethyl zinc
drewamine
electrochemical trace analyzer
electromagnetic ratchet unit
evacuated space
extumescences
feistiness
flat strand rope
Fourier half range series
geocoenosium
gobi deserts
Gyrus olfactorius lateralis
hectometric wave
hygeian
in our own day
intersymbol dependence
jamb(e)
Jyothis
kebocephaly
labour insurance fund
labtams
Lamb noise silencing circuit
lampooneries
law of charles and gay-lussac
leggiadrous
long-range bomber
luggage racks
Mamasapano
material possessions
merchandise flat cost
mesulphen
minimum of subsistence
Mougna
mutational delay
non-recurring income
nosily
offshore cluster wells
once-in-a-year
open tank filter
operative range of an energizing quantity
Pacayal
pentacyclicus
perpetuation (tsuchida nonoyama & ikeda 1966)
Picardy
piette
piqu
plumbic ocher
Polygoneae
Port Colborne
prego roll
preoestrus
Radnevo
rahoonery
regular linear mapping
Reynals' permeability
rheumatic osteoperiostitis
ricotta cheese
rot proofness
Ryomgård
Salabangka, Kepulauan
Sanson
saw vice
settings
sewage disposal plant
Skelton,Red
stop firing
string bassist
super thickener
swang her weight
technical processes department
ten thousands
thief ants
tzur
uk -hungry
under-ward
unitedglobalcom
varnak
vasiform tracheide
voice-ear test
wickeri
wireless network adapter
yu