美国司法部长在香港知识产权峰会上的讲话

 　　Remarks at the Intellectual Property Summit in Hong KongUS Attorney General Eric HolderOctober 18, 2010在香港国际知识产权峰会上的演讲美国司法部长 埃里克·霍尔德2010年10月18日Thank you, Superintendent O’Grady.  I appreciate your warm welcome, and I am grateful for the support – and the inspiring example – that you and your colleagues in the An Garda Siochana are providing to the international law enforcement community.

　　谢谢你，奥格雷迪侦警司，感谢你的热情欢迎和支持，并感谢你和爱尔兰国家警察局的同事们为国际执法界树立鼓舞人心的榜样。
　　I would also like to thank INTERPOL, Hong Kong Customs, and Underwriters Laboratories for hosting this important conference – and for bringing together so many leaders, experts, and partners from law enforcement agencies across the world.
　　我同时也感谢国际刑警组织、香港海关和保险商试验所联合举办此次重要会议，使全世界执法机构的众多领导、专家和合作伙伴有机会聚集在一起。
　　During my service as the Attorney General of the United States, I have had the privilege of working with many of you on a broad range of issues. I have seen, firsthand, the power of our joint efforts. And I am convinced that the work of our nations’ law enforcement agencies – to combat terrorism, to dismantle drug cartels and human trafficking rings, to stop child pornographers and others who would prey on our most vulnerable citizens – is more effective because of our collaboration. To address new and emerging threats – and to protect the security, and defend the liberties, of the people we serve – this cooperation must continue.
　　作为美国司法部长，我有幸在广泛的领域与你们当中的很多人一起合作。我亲眼见证了我们合作努力的成果。我坚信，我们的合作将使各国执法部门能更有效地打击恐怖主义、贩毒集团和人口贩卖，制止儿童色情和其他伤害弱势群体的行为。为了应对出现的新威胁，保护我们公民的安全和自由，必须继续有这种合作。
　　It is fitting that we are gathered here in Hong Kong – a center of global innovation – to chart our course forward. Not only is Hong Kong one of the world’s most vibrant and modern cities, it is headquarters for so many leading international organizations and corporations. It is a hub for international politics, law, education, and commerce. And, this week, I hope it is the meeting ground for unprecedented international cooperation.
　　香港作为一个全球创新中心，是我们相聚和规划未来的一个恰如其分的地点。香港不仅是世界上最充满活力的现代化城市之一，也是众多国际主要机构和公司总部所在地，它是一个集政治、法律、教育和商业为一体的国际中心。我希望，它也将在本周成为一个空前的国际合作的场所。
　　This conference is an important opportunity – a chance to focus the attention, and to harness the talents and resources, of the international law enforcement community in protecting intellectual property rights, safeguarding innovation, ensuring the health and safety of our citizens, and combating the international networks of organized criminals now seeking to profit from IP crimes.
　　本次会议是一个重要的机会，使国际执法界更加关注并投入更多的人力和资源来保护知识产权和创新，保障我们公民的健康和人身安全，并与正在试图通过知识产权牟利的国际有组织犯罪网络进行斗争。
　　Together, we are signaling that a new era of cooperation, engagement, and vigilance has begun.  And we are sending an unequivocal message to criminals profiting from the ingenuity of others or endangering the safety of our citizens by selling defective or dangerous counterfeit goods. We will find you. We will stop you. And you will be punished.
　　我们聚集在这里，标志着一个合作、行动和警醒的新时代的开端。我们向那些利用他人的创造发明牟利或销售危险的假冒伪劣产品危害公民安全的犯罪分子发出一个明确的信息：我们将抓住你们，制止你们，你们将受到惩罚。
　　Protecting intellectual property is a top priority for the United States – for President Obama, for me, and for America’s law enforcement community. Today, I am eager to share some of ways we are working to accomplish this goal and to overcome the challenges we all face.
　　保护知识产权对美国来说——对奥巴马总统、对我和美国的执法部门来说——是一项首要任务。今天，我非常希望与你们共同探讨为达到这个目标、克服我们共同面对的挑战而努力的一些方法。
　　In the United States, and here in Asia, intellectual property accounts for a significant and growing segment of commercial trade. But the same technologies that have spurred rapid growth in the legitimate economy have also allowed criminals to misappropriate the creativity of our innovators and entrepreneurs – and to operate global enterprises that survive by executing IP schemes. In fact, for every technological and commercial quantum leap we have made, criminals – and often entire international criminal syndicates – have kept pace. They have developed sophisticated methods for committing every imaginable type of intellectual property offense. They aren’t just selling counterfeit clothing or electronics. They’re selling defective and dangerous imitations of critical components, like brake pads, or everyday consumer goods, like toothpaste. They’re conducting corporate espionage.  They’re pirating music, movies, games, software, and other copyrighted works – both on our cities’ streets and online. And the consequences are devastating. The global software industry is a prime example. According to recent industry reports, it is now estimated that, worldwide, more than 40 percent of all software installed on personal computers is obtained illegally – with forgone revenues to the software industry topping $50 billion. These are funds that could have been invested in new jobs and next-generation technologies. And software piracy affects more than just the software industry – since, for every $1 of PC software sold, it’s estimated that more than $3 of revenues are lost to local IT support and distribution services. Other IP and support industries are seeing the same ripple effect of losses – and current trends are alarming. Perhaps most concerning of all, however, is the widespread growth we’ve seen in the international sale of counterfeit pharmaceuticals, which can put the stability of corporations – and, more importantly, the health of consumers – at serious risk.
　　在美国和亚洲这里，知识财产是商业贸易中重要而且不断增长的成分。但那些在合法的经济中推动了经济快速增长的技术，同样也让犯罪分子有可能侵占我们的发明家和企业家的创造力——经营着以进行知识产权骗局为生的全球性行业。实际上，对于我们在每一项技术和商业上的飞跃，犯罪分子——常常是整个国际犯罪集团——从不落后。他们想出高超的技巧，犯下了知识产权上每一类可以想象的罪行。他们不只是销售假冒服装或电子产品。他们销售关键部件的残次和危险的仿制品，如刹车片，或像牙膏这样的日常消费品。他们从事企业间谍活动。他们盗版音乐、电影、游戏，软件等版权作品——既在我们的城市街头，也在互联网上。而其后果破坏性极大。全球软件行业是一个典型的例子。根据最近的行业报告，据估计，全世界个人电脑上安装的软件的40%以上是非法获取的——使软件产业失去的收入高达500亿美元以上。这些资金本来可以投资在创造新的就业机会和下一代的技术。软件盗版不仅仅影响软件行业——因为个人电脑软件每销售1美元，据估计当地信息技术的支持和销售服务都会损失超过3美元的收入。知识产权和其他附属行业的损失也出现了同样的涟漪效应——目前的趋势令人不安。不过，也许最令人关注的是我们所看到在国际上出售的假冒药品普遍增多，这会把公司的稳定——更重要的是消费者的健康——置于严重危险之中。
　　For too long, these illegal activities have been perceived as “business as usual.” But not anymore. As each of you knows, stealing innovative ideas or passing off counterfeits can have devastating consequences for individuals, families, and communities. These crimes threaten economic opportunities and financial stability. They suppress the ingenuity of our people and businesses. They destroy jobs. And they can jeopardize the health and safety of the men and women we are sworn to protect. Intellectual property crimes are not victimless. And we must make certain that they are no longer perceived as risk-free.
　　长久以来，这些非法活动被视为“惯常行为”。但再不会如此。正如你们每个人所知，偷窃创新意念或假冒伪造对个人、家庭和社区都有毁灭性后果。这些罪行威胁着商业机会和金融稳定。它们抑制我们的人民和企业的创造力。他们破坏工作机会。他们可能危及我们宣誓要保护的百姓的健康和安全。知识产权犯罪不是没有受害者。而且我们必须确保不让它再被视为是无风险之举。
　　As global criminal networks increasingly fund their illicit activities through intellectual property crimes, our challenge is not simply to keep up. Our strategies must become more sophisticated than those employed by the criminals we pursue. Our collaboration across borders must become more seamless.  And our determination must not waver.
　　随着全球犯罪网络越来越多地利用知识产权犯罪手段资助其非法活动，我们面临的挑战是不能仅限于跟上应付。我们的战略必须变得比我们所追踪的犯罪分子所使用的更高超。我们与其他国家的合作必须更加天衣无缝。我们的决心绝不能动摇。
　　But the simple truth is that our chain of necessary and desired enforcement is only as strong as its weakest link. Let me be blunt: Not every country, not every organization has done enough. It is time to be clear, and honest, about where we can – and where we must – improve. If we are going to turn the page on the problem of international intellectual property crime, we must fully assess current efforts and commit to making meaningful, measurable enhancements.
　　但一个简单的道理是，我们需要和期望的执法链条强不过最薄弱的环节。让我坦率地说：并不是每一个国家，并不是每一个组织都尽力而为了。现在是清楚、坦率地说明在哪些地方我们能够——而且我们必须——改进的时候了。如果我们要在国际知识产权犯罪问题上翻开新篇章，我们一定要充分评估当前的努力，承诺作出有意义、可衡量的改进。
　　Like many of your own governments, the Obama Administration recognizes that our nation’s economic prosperity is increasingly tied to industries – like software or life sciences – that rely on strong IP enforcement. That is why we have created a new framework, and called for an increased level of activity, to better protect intellectual property rights.
　　就像许多你们各自的政府一样，奥巴马政府认识到，我们国家的经济繁荣越来越与一些行业联系在一起——如软件或生命科学——这些都依靠强有力的知识产权执法。这就是为什么我们创建了一个新的框架，并要求有更多行动，更好地保护知识产权。
　　As many of you know, last year, President Obama created a new leadership role in the White House – Intellectual Property Enforcement Coordinator – and appointed Victoria Espinel to fill this position. I am pleased that Victoria is here with us today.  As IP Enforcement Coordinator, her first order of business was to develop a comprehensive strategic plan to guide our government’s efforts to protect intellectual property, including copyrights, trademarks, and trade secrets. The strategic plan was released by the White House this summer. Already, it is strengthening and streamlining our efforts to detect and prosecute IP crimes. This work is just one example of the administration’s renewed focus on IP protection.
　　你们很多人都知道，去年，奥巴马总统在白宫设立了一个新的领导角色，即知识产权执法事务协调员，并任命维多利亚·埃斯皮内尔担任这个职务。我很高兴，维多利亚今天也在这里。作为知识产权事务协调员，她的第一项任务就是制定一项全面的战略计划来指导我国政府保护知识产权的努力，包括版权、商标权和贸易机密。这项战略计划已于今年夏天由白宫公布，并已增强了我国侦破和起诉侵犯知识产权犯罪行为的努力，提高了这方面的工作效率。这项工作仅仅是本届政府更加重视保护知识产权的一个例子。
　　Last December, Vice President Biden convened the administration’s first intellectual property summit, which brought together cabinet officials and industry leaders to discuss intellectual property rights and policies – and to identify ways to improve our enforcement efforts. During that summit, I had the chance to discuss the Justice Department’s intellectual property enforcement strategy and the critical work being done by some of our most talented lawyers and investigators.
　　去年12月，副总统拜登召集了本届政府的首次知识产权峰会，与会的内阁官员和产业界领袖讨论了知识产权及政策问题，确定了改善我们执法工作的途径。在峰会期间，我有机会阐述了司法部的知识产权执法战略以及我国一些最有才智的律师和调查人员正在开展的极其重要的工作。
　　A key part of this strategy is led by Justice Department prosecutors – many of whom are focused exclusively on computer and intellectual property crimes. I am committed to making sure that these prosecutors have the resources and the specialized training necessary to prevent, identify, and stop IP violations – and to spot emerging crime trends more quickly.
　　这项战略的一个重要部分由司法部检察官领导实施，他们当中的很多人专注于与电脑和知识产权相关的罪行。我将尽最大努力确保这些检察官获得必需的资源和专门训练，以防止、识别和制止侵犯知识产权行为，并能更快地发觉新的犯罪趋势。
　　Of course, the outstanding work of our prosecutors isn’t done, and couldn’t be accomplished, in isolation. It is supported by the skills and dedication of the investigative agents who develop the cases we bring in court.  At every level of the Justice Department, we are committed to improving partnerships with our federal law enforcement colleagues – and with leaders across the international law enforcement community.  In particular, I would like to note the great work being done through the National Intellectual Property Rights Coordination Center, which is led by our colleagues in U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement.  The IPR Center brings together investigators and analysts from a number of federal agencies to coordinate our efforts to investigate counterfeiting, online piracy, and other IP violations.
　　当然，我们的检察官的出色工作不是，也无法是孤立完成的；它得到调查人员的技能和敬业精神的支持，我们的法庭工作是基于调查人员的立案。在司法部的每一个层次，我们都致力于改善与联邦执法同行们的伙伴关系，改善与整个国际执法部门领导者的伙伴关系。我要特别指出由美国移民与海关执法局领导牵头的国家知识产权协调中心所作的出色工作。这个中心集中了多个联邦机构的调查员和分析员，为我们调查伪造产品、互联网盗版和其他侵犯知识产权的行为提供协调努力。
　　To build on the contributions and achievements of our prosecutors and investigators, in February of this year, I reestablished the Justice Department’s Task Force on Intellectual Property.  Chaired by the Deputy Attorney General, the Task Force includes senior leaders from across the Department. And, as many of you know, it’s focused on facilitating coordination among international law enforcement partners. A cornerstone of this effort is the Intellectual Property Law Enforcement Coordinator program.
　　为了进一步发展我们的检察官和调查人员所作的贡献和取得的成果，我于今年2月重新设立了司法部知识产权特别工作组。这个工作组由司法部副部长领导，成员包括司法部各部门的高级领导官员。你们很多人都知道，这个工作组的重点是促进国际执法伙伴之间的协调。它的一个核心努力是知识产权执法协调员项目。
　　With the help of our colleagues in the Department of State, the Justice Department has deployed two federal prosecutors – based in Bangkok, Thailand, and in Sofia, Bulgaria – to manage our IP protection efforts in Southeast Asia and in Eastern Europe. They work closely with our international counterparts to share information and evidence regarding joint investigations and to enhance IP enforcement training programs. Here in Asia, one of our law enforcement coordinators is actively engaged in efforts to strengthen the work of the IP Criminal Enforcement Network.
　　在我们的国务部同事的帮助下，司法部在泰国的曼谷和保加利亚的索菲亚派驻了两名联邦检察官，分别管理我们在东南亚和东欧的知识产权保护工作。他们同我们的国际同行密切合作，分享信息和联合调查的证据，并加强知识产权执法培训项目。在亚洲，我们的一位执法协调员在积极从事加强知识产权刑事执法网的工作。
　　But this work is not just for our coordinators alone. Following this conference, I will travel to Beijing, where I look forward to meeting with my counterparts and other officials to discuss how we can build on our nations’ bilateral enforcement efforts through the Intellectual Property Working Group of the U.S.-China Joint Liaison Group for Law Enforcement Cooperation. Together, I hope we can work to identify the most pressing, and perilous, gaps in our enforcement mechanisms – and begin taking the steps required to close these gaps, strengthen IP protections, and fulfill the most critical obligations of public service: ensuring opportunity, fostering prosperity, and protecting the safety and health of our people.
　　但该项努力并不仅仅是我们的协调员们的工作。在本次大会结束后，我将前往北京，在那里我期待会晤我的同行和其他官员，讨论我们如何通过美中执法合作联合联络组的知识产权工作组扩大两国的双边执法努力。我希望我们能够共同找出我们执法机制中最紧迫、最危险的缺口，并开始采取必要措施予以弥补，加强知识产权保护，并履行公共服务中最为关键的责任：保障机会、促进繁荣、保护我们人民的安全和健康。
　　In this work, I pledge my own best efforts. And, today, I ask for yours. I will continue to seek out and seize opportunities to foster stronger relationships, and greater cooperation, among international law enforcement agencies. But I also know that, without your help – and until every nation makes a commitment, and takes action, to ensure aggressive IP enforcement – we will not solve the challenges that now bring us together.
　　在这项工作中，我保证将尽自己的最大努力，今天，我请各位也尽你们的最大努力。我将继续寻求和抓住机遇，在国际执法机构之间促进更牢固的关系和更紧密的合作。但是，我也非常清楚，没有你们的帮助——而且除非每一个国家都作出承诺并采取积极的执法行动保护知识产权——我们就不可能解决让我们汇聚到一起的这些挑战。
　　Strong partnerships provide our best chance for success. In fact, we’ve seen, clearly, how international collaboration can lead to effective prosecutions. As Attorney General, I am particularly proud of the work we’re doing in the United States to fight intellectual property crime in the courtroom. But I also that recognize that our outstanding record of criminal prosecutions could not have been achieved without the help of our partners around the world.
　　强有力的伙伴关系为我们提供获得成功的最佳机会，事实上，我们已经很清楚地看到，国际协作如何能够带来有效的检控。作为司法部长，我为我们通过法庭在美国打击知识产权犯罪的工作感到尤其自豪，但我也知道，要是没有世界各地合作伙伴们的帮助，我们就不可能有如此出色的刑事起诉成果。
　　Recently, the Justice Department has made significant and encouraging progress in prosecuting individuals, and international criminal organizations, that traffic in counterfeit pharmaceuticals.  For example, just two months ago, we successfully prosecuted a defendant who was selling fake cancer medications to patients in the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, Belgium, and the Netherlands. The drugs – which he marketed as a rare, experimental treatment – were manufactured in Canada, but advertised and sold globally over the Internet. With assistance from Canadian and German authorities, this individual was apprehended and extradited to the United States, where he was finally brought to justice.
　　最近，司法部在起诉将假冒药品走私进美国的个人和国际犯罪组织方面取得了显著和令人鼓舞的进展。例如，就在两个月以前，我们成功地起诉了一个把假冒抗癌药物卖给美国、加拿大、英国、比利时和荷兰的病人的被告人。这些被他作为罕见的实验性治疗手段来推销的药物在加拿大制造，但通过互联网在全球作广告并出售。在加拿大和德国有关机构的协助下，该被告人被逮捕并引渡到美国，最终在美国被绳之以法。
　　And earlier this year, in Richmond, Virginia, the Justice Department won convictions in one of the largest intellectual property cases in U.S. history, involving more than $100 million in counterfeit luxury goods. The defendants were part of an international group of criminals that owned and operated 13 companies and 8 manufacturing plants. During the investigation, Hong Kong authorities provided critical help in obtaining evidence for trial, and we remain extremely grateful for that assistance.
　　今年早些时候在弗吉尼亚州里士满市，司法部赢得了美国历史上最大的知识产权案件之一，该案涉及价值一亿多美元的假冒奢侈商品。被告属于一个国际犯罪集团，拥有并经营13家公司和8个制造厂。在调查过程中，香港政府在获取庭审证据方面提供了重大帮助，我们对这种帮助始终极其感激。
　　These are just two of many examples, but each illustrates the vital importance of international cooperation in the fight against IP crime. Without the help of our international partners, we could not have brought these crimes to light – or brought the criminals involved to justice.
　　上面提到的仅是许多案例中的两个而已，但它们都表明在打击知识产权犯罪方面实行国际合作的极端重要性。如果没有我们国际伙伴的协助，我们不可能使这些罪行暴露于光天化日之下——或将相关罪犯绳之以法。
　　The Justice Department is also exploring ways to strengthen its IP enforcement efforts by incorporating the legal tools we use routinely to combat money laundering, fraud, and other types of economic crime. And we have included intellectual property crime as a focus area of the Justice Department’s International Organized Crime Strategy.
　　司法部还在探索各种方法，以便运用我们通常用来打击洗钱、欺诈和其他经济犯罪的法律工具加强知识产权领域的执法努力。我们已经把知识产权犯罪列入司法部打击国际有组织犯罪战略的重点。
　　Although the progress we have made in the United States, and around the world, is encouraging – we cannot yet be satisfied. And we must not become complacent.
　　尽管我们在美国乃至在全世界取得的进展鼓舞人心，但我们还不能满足现状。我们务必不可沾沾自喜。
　　Each of us – and every member of the international law enforcement community – has pledged to protect the rights and security of the citizens we serve. But none of us can fulfill that promise alone. In this age of instantaneous global communication, when criminal activity knows no bounds, our enforcement work must extend beyond our own borders. Working together is no longer just the best way forward. Now, it is the only way forward.
　　我们每个人——国际执法界的每个成员——都作出承诺，要保护我们所服务的公民的权利与安全。但我们没有人能单独履行这项承诺。在这个全球即时通讯的时代，犯罪活动无国界，我们的执法工作必须超越我们自己的国界。共同合作不再仅仅是我们前进的最佳道路，而是我们前进的唯一道路。
　　On behalf of the United States, I am grateful for your partnership, your leadership, and your cooperation in protecting the safety of our citizens, the strength of our markets, and the intellectual property rights of our nations’ innovators and entrepreneurs.
　　我谨代表美国向你们致谢，感谢你们展现的伙伴合作精神、你们的领导作用、你们在保护我们的公民安全、市场实力、及保护我们各国创新者与企业家的知识产权方面提供的合作。
　　This is critical, and urgent, work. And we must never let our differences, and occasional disagreements, blind us to the central truth that the security, basic freedoms, and best interests of our citizens are, and will continue to be, intimately connected.
　　这是一项重要而且紧迫的工作。我们决不让我们的分歧和时而出现的不同意见遮挡视线，进而忽视这样一个重要现实，即我们国民的安全、基本自由和最高利益现在而且将继续紧密相连。
　　Our task is great – but our success is possible. Only if we work in common cause, only if we put the full measure of national commitment in our efforts, and only if we honor the values we share, can we – and will we – create a world in which intellectual property crime is not the domain of the future, but a marker of the past.
　　我们的任务巨大，但我们有可能成功。只有当我们为共同的事业而努力，只有当我们在这一努力中投入国家承诺的全部力量，只有当我们尊重维护我们共同具有的价值观，我们才能——我们就能——创造出这样一个世界，在那里知识产权犯罪已不属于未来的前景，而只不过是昔日的一个烙印而已。
　　Thank you.
　　谢谢各位。