时间:2019-01-17 作者:英语课 分类:英语PK台


英语课

   一般将来时


  一般将来时表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态,或将来某一段时间内经常的动作或状态。常常和表示将来的时间状语连用。如:tomorrow(明天); next week(下周 );in the future(将来)等。一般将来时由助动词shall(第一人称),will(第二、三人称) 动词原形构成。美式英语则不管什么人称,一律用will。或用主语+be动词 + going to 动词。
  一般将来时结构
  1. 主语+ will (shall) + 动词原形
  动词一般将来时,表示将要发生事( 所有人称都可以用will,shall只用于I, We 后)
  肯定式:
  They will finish the work next week.
  下周他们就会完成工作。
  否定式:
  They won't finish the work next week.
  下周他们不会完成工作。
  疑问式:
  Will they finish the work next week?
  下周他们会完成工作吗?
  2. 主语+ be (am, is, are) going to + 动词原形
  be going to, 表打算,准备计划将来干;表可能,有必然,通过现象来判断。
  I'm going to see a film this evening.
  今晚上我打算去看电影。
  It's going to rain.
  天要下雨了。
  We aren't going to have any lessons next week.
  我们下周不上课。
  难点:will/ shall 和 be going to 结构区别
  1. 对于事先经过考虑的打算、计划,应使用be going to 结构。
  Why are you taking down all the pictures?
  你为什么把这些话都摘下来?
  I am going to repaint the wall.
  我要把墙重新粉刷一下。
  2. 对于事先未经过考虑的打算、计划,而是临时起意,则用will 结构。常见于会话时,乙听了甲的话做出的反应。
  Where is the telephone book?
  电话簿在哪儿呢?
  I'll go and get it for you.
  我给你去找找。
  3. 表示即将发生某事时,两者区别不大,多可互换。
  What is going to happen? —What will happen?
  be going to 一般指较近的将来,will则表示较远的将来。
  4. be about to + 动词原形, 表示即将发生的动作。
  The concert is about to begin.
  音乐会即将开始。
  5. be +动词不定式,表示安排或计划好的动作。
  There is to be a sports meeting next week.
  下周即将举办一场运动会
  将来时的被动语态
  动作发生在将来,强调动作的承受者,不能或无须提及动作的执行者。结构如下:
  1. shall /will be +过去分词
  The 30th Olympic Games will be hosted by London in the year 2012.
  第三十届奥运会将于2012年在伦敦举行。
  否定句:shall /will not be +过去分词
  He will not be sent there tomorrow.
  他明天不会被派去那里。
  一般疑问式:Will +主语+be done...?
  Will the 30th Olympic Games be hosted by London in the year 2012?
  第三十届奥运会将于2012年在伦敦举行吗?
  特殊疑问式:特殊疑问词+will+主语+be done...?
  When will the 30th Olympic Games be hosted in the year 2012?
  第三十届奥运会将于2012年什么时候在伦敦举行?
  2. be going to be+过去分词
  The old library is going to be pulled down soon.
  旧的图书馆很快会被拆除。
  His new book is going to be published next month.
  下个月他的图书将出版发行。
  3. be to be +过去分词
  The task is to be finished in ten minutes.
  该项工作10分钟即将完成。
  Your homework is to be handed in tomorrow.
  你的家庭作业明天需要交上来。
  4. be about to be+过去分词
  The wall is about to be painted by the worker.
  这堵墙将由工人进行粉刷。
  难点:使用一般将来时的被动语态时,应注意以下两点:在时间、条件状语从句中,应使用现在时表示将来。同样,应使用现在时的被动语态表示将来时的被动语态。例如:
  He says he will leave the company if he is punished for this.
  如果他因此而受罚,他将离开离开这家公司。
  When the dam is completed, the Changjiang River will be controlled.
  当大坝修建好后,长江的水流将被控制住。

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