时间:2019-01-14 作者:英语课 分类:美国习惯用语


英语课

  人人喜欢参加又有吃又好玩的社交聚会,也就是party。今天我们就来讲讲由party这个词发展而来的习惯用语。第一个是: life 1 of the party。 Life意思当然是生命,它也可以解释为“活力”或者“精华”。

Life of the party用来说某一种人。什么样的人呢?我们听个例子来体会吧。这个小伙子要向我们介绍他妹妹 Jenny, 听了他的描述,你一定觉得Jenny是非常讨人喜欢的女孩儿,注意他话里用上了习惯用语life of the party:

例句-1:People who give parties always invite 2 Jenny because they know she'll be the life of the party. She knows everybody 3 in town, helps guests 4 get to know each other, makes sure they get plenty 5 to eat and makes everybody feel very comfortable 6.

他说:举办party的人 都会邀请Jenny。他还告诉我们Jenny在当地人头很熟,所以在聚会上能为客人相互引见介绍,而且她还会注意大伙都有足够的食物,让每个人都感到舒畅。

可见他把Jenny称为life of the party意思就是在聚会中活跃气氛的中心人物。在这儿指的是女性,但是life of the party也可以用来说男子。这个习惯用语沿用至今至少有一百五十年了,但是因为它相当有用,所以经久不衰。

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今天要学的第二个习惯用语说的可是截然相反的一种人: party pooper。 Pooper来自poop。 Poop这个词有一种解释是筋疲力尽,说poop out意思是累得喘不过气来了。那么party pooper是聚会上什么样的人呢?

我们通过一个例子来体会吧。这是夫妇俩在商量举办party的事情。他们正在考虑想邀请哪些人来参加。他俩提到了一个名叫Joe的朋友。我们听听那位先生怎么对太太评论Joe。注意他话里的习惯用语party pooper:

例句-2:Honey, let's not invite Joe. He's a real 7 party pooper. He puts on this sour look like his stomach 8 hurts, has nothing good to say about anybody 9, doesn't even 10 smile at other people's jokes 11 and always looks like he'd rather 12 be any place else.

这位先生建议太太不要请Joe。他说Joe老是愁眉苦脸的,好象在胃疼,而且他不苟言笑,跟旁人无话可谈,听了别人说的笑话甚至连笑都不笑。他自始至终看来是宁可不来赴会的模样。

根据这位先生对Joe的这番描述,Joe在聚会上真是个孤僻冷漠、兴味索然而令人扫兴的人。这就是party pooper这个习惯用语的意思。

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今天最后要学的习惯用语是: party line。 在party line这个习惯用语里party不再指社交活动了,而指党派,而这里的line也有特定意义,它指方针路线。听众朋友也许觉得这个习惯用语耳熟,可不就是党的方针路线吗?没错。 Party line确实来自1935年时的社会主义苏联,当时指要求所有党员始终不渝地遵行的苏共总路线。虽然苏联已经瓦解,但是party line这个习惯用语却依然存在,而且广为流传,它被转用来描述任何政治集团、企业单位或者团体组织定下的指导方针和原则,要求成员都得按照这样的原则说话行事。

当然party line并非始终是坚持真理的,有时定下了party line让下属成员众口一词地去宣扬,只是为了说服公众把它当成真理。

我们来听个在工商界应用的例子吧。这是个公司总裁在讲话。这家公司的业务不景气,由于销售额大幅度下降,公司已经开始亏本,股票也在往下掉价,公司可能不得不裁员了。但是处于这种惨淡经营的局面,公司领导认为面对公众还是得强颜欢笑,要设法在公众间树立他们对公司的信心。总裁对手下人这样说:

例句-3:You know we're in trouble 13. But let's follow the party line. Tell people we're doing okay 14, that we have some big new orders 15 in sight 16, we're thinking 17 about expanding 18 our offices, and we expect 19 our stock 20 to go up in the market 21.

他说:你们知道我们的情况不妙,但是我们得口径一致。我们要告诉外界:我们干得不错,可望不久会接到新的大订单,我们还在考虑扩大办公室,而且估计我们的股票在市场会看涨。

他要雇员对公众说的话跟事实不相符合,但是为了保全公司,他给雇员定下了对外宣传的一致口径。这就是这里习惯用语party line的意思。 Party line原意是党的路线方针,但是现在更常用来泛指要求某团体成员遵照的统一口径或者行为方式。



n.生活;生命
  • The doctor came in time to save his life.医生及时来抢救他的生命。
  • At last he knew the meaning of life.终于,他知道了生命的意义。
vt.邀请,引起,招致;n.邀请
  • We'd better not invite him.我们最好不要邀请他。
  • They invite us to have dinner.我们邀请他们去电影院。
pron.每人,人人(=everyone)
  • Christmas is a holiday for everybody.圣诞节是所有人的节日。
  • It is difficult to find a time that suits everybody.很难找到一个对每人都合适的时间。
n.客人;来宾;旅客 vt.招待;款待 vi.作客;客人( guest的名词复数 );旅客;特邀嘉宾;[动物学]客虫
  • The hotel can accommodate up to 500 guests. 这家旅馆可供500位旅客住宿。
  • The guests left in an alcoholic haze. 客人们醉醺醺地离去了。
adj.充足的,相当多的;n.充足,大量;pron.充分,够多
  • We have plenty of time to finish the job.我们有充裕的时间完成这项工作。
  • Plenty of people have come.来了很多人。
adj.舒适的,舒服的
  • This sofa is very comfortable.这张沙发很舒服。
  • The environment for shopping is comfortable.购物的环境很舒适。
adj.真实的;非虚构的;真正的;非常的
  • You know her real name?你知道她的真正名字?
  • The real world does not look that way!现实世界不是这样的!
n.胃;v.忍受,容忍;vt.承受,忍受
  • I often feel a pain in my stomach.我经常胃疼。
  • You have to have a strong stomach to eat this food.要想吃这种食物,得不恶心才行。
n.重要人物;pron.任何人
  • They do not see anybody.他们没看见任何人。
  • You couldn't tell anybody.你不能告诉任何人。
adj.平坦的,偶数的,相等的;adv.甚至,恰好,正当
  • It was cold yesterday,but it's even colder today. 昨天冷,今天更冷了。
  • He's the best teacher even though he has the least experience.尽管他经验最少,但教得最好。
n.笑话,玩笑( joke的名词复数 );可笑的人、事物、情形v.开玩笑( joke的第三人称单数 );戏弄;闹着玩;说着玩
  • They all guffawed at his jokes. 他们听了他的笑话都一阵狂笑。
  • an inexhaustible supply of good jokes 讲不完的精彩笑话
adv.宁愿,宁可;相当
  • I would rather go out tonight,if you don't mind. 如果你不介意的话,我宁愿今晚出去。
  • This book is rather too easy for this boy.这本书对于这个孩子来说太简单。
n.苦恼,麻烦;故障;动乱;vt.麻烦 vi.费神
  • I hate to trouble you.我真不愿麻烦你。
  • The trouble is that he doesn't have enough money.麻烦在于他缺钱。
(=okey,O.K.)adj./adv.好,行,不错;n.同意
  • The play is okay,but I still prefer the book.戏还可以,可我仍愿读原著。
  • Is it okay with you if I borrow this book?我借这本书你不在意吧?
n.(基督教的)圣职,牧师职;命令( order的名词复数 );秩序;(会议、议会等的)程序;次序v.(医生)开(处方)( order的第三人称单数 );订购;(上帝、命运等)注定;点(饭菜,饮料等)
  • He was punished for disobeying orders. 他因违抗命令而受到惩罚。
  • For offline orders, call this number. 离线订货请拨打这个号码。
n.景观,视力,眼界;vt.看见,观看;vi.瞄准
  • The young couple fell in love at first sight.这对年轻人一见钟情。
  • We have lost sight of him since he went abroad.在他出国以后,我们就失掉了联系。
n.思考,思想;adj.思考的,有理性的;vbl.想,思考
  • All thinking men will protest against it.凡是有思想的人都会抗议这件事。
  • Thinking is mainly performed with words and other symbols.思想主要是用言语和其他符号来表达的。
adj.扩大的,增加的
  • The visit was aimed at expanding the relations between the two countries. 访问的目的是扩展两国的关系。
  • The shipbuilding industry of the south is rapidly expanding. 南方的造船业正在迅速发展。
vt.预期,期待,料想
  • Don't expect me to run after you all your life.别指望我伺候你一辈子。
  • Don't expect too much of his idea.不要对他的主意期望过高。
n.存货,储备;树干;血统;股份;家畜;adj.存货的;平凡的,惯用的;股票的;畜牧的;vt.进货,采购;储存;供给;vi.出新芽;进货
  • The shop takes stock every week on Friday mornings.这家商店每星期五早晨盘点存货。
  • Experts have forecast an upturn in the stock market.专家已预测股票市场价格有上升趋势。
n.市场;集市
  • The next market is on the 15th.下一次集市是15号。
  • There is no market for these goods.这些货物,没有销路。
学英语单词
a.w.p.
acquire by fraud
African Queen
aileron response factor
Algerian Saharan Arabic
alloisomerism
amalgamatize
anthericiol
aphidilutein
arylamidase
as never before
ass munches
babrahams
beta-naphthoquinone
biodesulfurization
book entry government bond
boroson
broadly-defined
by bicycle
caninelaugh
canonical assembly
cantilever form
cedrelas
chin rests
clothes moth
coal road
colo(u)r map
coordinate graph
core matrices
cytoreducing
desmogleins
determination of semen
dictyostelium giganteum
disk construction
dopable
East Kilbride
educates
examination of disbursement vouchers
faryab
Fide-Jussor
fingernail clam
fluid purification system
fluorescence quantum efficiency
fopping
forward search for program alignment function
functional parts
GCFBR
genus forficulas
good middling
grant gratuity
half-assed
high-speed planing machine
hip, hip, hurrah
hnRNA
humate
information collection and processing
inhaling and exhaling through the nose
international expositions
islamic republic of pakistans
joing
Krishnai R.
laser space-to-ground voice link
laxative salt
less vibration
lumpy stool
manganous nitrate (manganese nitrate)
monok
normal operating losses
notice and take down
on load voltage ratio adjuster
one drop
oval edged steel flat
oversearched
photosensitive nonsilver paper
planetary dynamics
Plectania
potato peeling
pre-romanesque
pruning knife
pulp sales
refractory fibre reinforced plastic
Rickards
roomette car
screened wire
selective attack
serratus posterior superiors
sheltered accommodation
Staphylococcus candicans
tegestologists
telesphorus
Timbédra
ultimate of frequency
undersealed
uppermost in my mind...
Venkata
venues
Viburnum farreri
vincanol
winter worm
Zeegse