时间:2019-01-08 作者:英语课 分类:北外翻译笔记


英语课

   声色词是拟声词(onomatopoetic words)和色彩词(color words)的合称。前者模仿人、动物、自然现象、机器或工具等物品或动作所产生的各种声响,后者表现客观世界展现在我们眼前的各种色彩。声色词具有独特的修辞效果,运用得当会使语言表达生动活泼、引人入胜。翻译这两类词语一定要注意英汉两种语言之间的差异,细心推敲,尽可能再现原文中所描绘的客观世界里的声音和色彩。


  拟声词
  一、英汉拟声词比较
  英语和汉语中的拟声词都很丰富,但是大部分的拟声词在发音上相差甚远。这是因为拟声词是按照某种语言的语音系统对客观世界的声音加以模拟改造的结果,所以不可避免地带有该语言的发音特征。因此,英语和汉语中的拟声词之间既存在相同之处又存在不同之处。它们大体可以归纳为以下三点:
  A. 同一声音在英语和汉语中用不同的拟声词来表示:
  ***-a-doodle-do──喔喔喔
  clip-clop──(马蹄)得得声
  tick-tack──(钟表)滴答声
  hoot(toot)──嘟嘟
  dub-a-dub──(鼓)咚咚声
  jingle-jangle──玎玲当啷
  A horse neighs/whinnies/nickers.马嘶/马鸣/马萧萧。
  A dog barks/yaps/yelps/bays/snarls/growls/howls.狗汪汪叫/犬吠。
  A fly hums/buzzes/drones.苍蝇嗡嗡/哼哼叫。
  A mosquito hums /buzzes/drones.蚊子哼哼/嗡嗡叫。
  A pig grunts/squeals. 猪咕噜咕噜/哼哼叫。
  B. 同一声音在英语和汉语中用相同的拟声词来表达:
  meow(或meou)──喵
  hiss──嘶嘶(作声)
  dingdong──丁冬(声),叮当(声)
  ping──乒
  giggle──咯咯(地笑)
  pit-a-pat──劈劈啪啪(地)
  cuckoo──咕咕
  A cow moos.母牛哞哞叫。
  A pigeon coos.鸽子咕咕叫。
  C. 不同的声音用相同的拟声词:
  babble──(婴儿)咿呀学语声;(流水)潺潺作声
  smack──(拍击声、鞭打声、砸嘴声、掌掴声)
  萧萧──(a horse) neighs, (the rain) patters, (the wind) whistles, (thetrees) rustle
  鸣──(birds) chirp, (frogs) creak, (a bugle) honks

标签: 翻译 笔记
学英语单词
activation-energies
ammonation reaction
amount unjustly accepted
answer back device
antefixes
armature reactance
attention structure
auto mixture control
be sick with
brant's metal
cab warning apparatus
capitals of spain
carbon steel roll
Castaneda, Carlos
cereuss
chondrophycus concreta
citrovorum Leuconostoc
claudicate
Cotingo, R.
creative intelligence
cybersuits
cystic acne
diamidide
Diazyl
dimethylfuran
disk engine
display control-message
dog's-tail
East Devon
ebb off
ecoefficiency
eulogiums
examples
flow of liquid
foreign-funded enterprise income tax
ft-value
Goliath beetle, goliath beetle
grain shoot
hamfat
heavy ends
hentgen
high-potentials
hydrated limes
ibamas
imidazoles
immediate data dependency
item by item comparison
loggins
make true an engine
malt-wort
Marsyaty
mohlenbrock
Mumra
Nitraria tangutorum
Olsbrücken
open population
Paderne
parietoperitoneal fold
particle energies
peltast
personnel classification system
pipe bender
pittling
plastic mold
pleasure-seeker
press for something
problem of two bodies
pseudosclerotium
pucciniaceous
pump-up
pupillomotor
quitze
radar information
relay pumping station
reverse arm
reversing of motion
rod bank
routing internet protocol
sap displacement
Saxifraga yarlungzangboensis
sign-ons
Sikalongo
simplexes
sparaxis
strike sb off the rolls
subrogee
sun-roofs
swept layer
tazze
the rockies
trepper
twentyfourth
two-shot grouting
uk resident
ungratifiable
veduta
vulcanization retarder
waste gas burning
wipe contact
XOR circuit
yellow OB
zero level symbol