时间:2019-01-08 作者:英语课 分类:北外翻译笔记


英语课

   声色词是拟声词(onomatopoetic words)和色彩词(color words)的合称。前者模仿人、动物、自然现象、机器或工具等物品或动作所产生的各种声响,后者表现客观世界展现在我们眼前的各种色彩。声色词具有独特的修辞效果,运用得当会使语言表达生动活泼、引人入胜。翻译这两类词语一定要注意英汉两种语言之间的差异,细心推敲,尽可能再现原文中所描绘的客观世界里的声音和色彩。


  拟声词
  一、英汉拟声词比较
  英语和汉语中的拟声词都很丰富,但是大部分的拟声词在发音上相差甚远。这是因为拟声词是按照某种语言的语音系统对客观世界的声音加以模拟改造的结果,所以不可避免地带有该语言的发音特征。因此,英语和汉语中的拟声词之间既存在相同之处又存在不同之处。它们大体可以归纳为以下三点:
  A. 同一声音在英语和汉语中用不同的拟声词来表示:
  ***-a-doodle-do──喔喔喔
  clip-clop──(马蹄)得得声
  tick-tack──(钟表)滴答声
  hoot(toot)──嘟嘟
  dub-a-dub──(鼓)咚咚声
  jingle-jangle──玎玲当啷
  A horse neighs/whinnies/nickers.马嘶/马鸣/马萧萧。
  A dog barks/yaps/yelps/bays/snarls/growls/howls.狗汪汪叫/犬吠。
  A fly hums/buzzes/drones.苍蝇嗡嗡/哼哼叫。
  A mosquito hums /buzzes/drones.蚊子哼哼/嗡嗡叫。
  A pig grunts/squeals. 猪咕噜咕噜/哼哼叫。
  B. 同一声音在英语和汉语中用相同的拟声词来表达:
  meow(或meou)──喵
  hiss──嘶嘶(作声)
  dingdong──丁冬(声),叮当(声)
  ping──乒
  giggle──咯咯(地笑)
  pit-a-pat──劈劈啪啪(地)
  cuckoo──咕咕
  A cow moos.母牛哞哞叫。
  A pigeon coos.鸽子咕咕叫。
  C. 不同的声音用相同的拟声词:
  babble──(婴儿)咿呀学语声;(流水)潺潺作声
  smack──(拍击声、鞭打声、砸嘴声、掌掴声)
  萧萧──(a horse) neighs, (the rain) patters, (the wind) whistles, (thetrees) rustle
  鸣──(birds) chirp, (frogs) creak, (a bugle) honks

标签: 翻译 笔记
学英语单词
a converter
A549
Abberley
acetoarsenite
agranular endoplasmic reticulum
annihilability
annual power generation
appeal jury
atheromata
atoll lake
attachedness
Auckley
Ayr
bill of lading
binnion
Catgut.
chili sauces
communications and transport
composition of feed
correction for mean
cytoprotectant
dangerous rock
datchet
deer-skins
electric cautery set
electric osmose
electronic calculating
enciphered facsimile communication
erosion gap
extratropical belt
feno
Fomor
fustiest
genericising
giudice
Glanville fritillary
glass-crabs
goldsmith principle
hoa
IDFT (inverse discrete Fourier transform)
iliotibial band syndrome
illinoian glacial period
ImageWriter
infra red dryer
Komsomol's'k
koumansetta hectori
Labuhanbatu
lack the perspective
Lecanorchis nigricans
machine function
maillart
management and education
marine oil
marquesite
measuring pressure basis
minimum distance code
mitaki
moving coil earphone
Mura (Mur)
myth-kitty
needle washer
non-eddying flow
out of consideration
paccan
partial contract
peachful
photomicroscopically
pitch pot
plasma core
program recording control instrument
progressive ascending hemiplegia
rattlesnake weeds
ready made time-sharing
reproductive toxicity study
reserve strength
resources maximum
rightways
roast-and-reaction process
Scolopendridae
selkowitz
senior notes
single plan of standard cost
smallest rooms
steam calorifier
Stokes'disease
sugar snap
supergene water
tenian
thyreoitis
trans-sexualism
two way fuse socket
unseasonable bolting
untappable
Uong Bi
usful
vegetative mutant
Web radio
weightless flight
William Henry Hoover
work incentive credit
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