时间:2019-01-08 作者:英语课 分类:北外翻译笔记


英语课

   声色词是拟声词(onomatopoetic words)和色彩词(color words)的合称。前者模仿人、动物、自然现象、机器或工具等物品或动作所产生的各种声响,后者表现客观世界展现在我们眼前的各种色彩。声色词具有独特的修辞效果,运用得当会使语言表达生动活泼、引人入胜。翻译这两类词语一定要注意英汉两种语言之间的差异,细心推敲,尽可能再现原文中所描绘的客观世界里的声音和色彩。


  拟声词
  一、英汉拟声词比较
  英语和汉语中的拟声词都很丰富,但是大部分的拟声词在发音上相差甚远。这是因为拟声词是按照某种语言的语音系统对客观世界的声音加以模拟改造的结果,所以不可避免地带有该语言的发音特征。因此,英语和汉语中的拟声词之间既存在相同之处又存在不同之处。它们大体可以归纳为以下三点:
  A. 同一声音在英语和汉语中用不同的拟声词来表示:
  ***-a-doodle-do──喔喔喔
  clip-clop──(马蹄)得得声
  tick-tack──(钟表)滴答声
  hoot(toot)──嘟嘟
  dub-a-dub──(鼓)咚咚声
  jingle-jangle──玎玲当啷
  A horse neighs/whinnies/nickers.马嘶/马鸣/马萧萧。
  A dog barks/yaps/yelps/bays/snarls/growls/howls.狗汪汪叫/犬吠。
  A fly hums/buzzes/drones.苍蝇嗡嗡/哼哼叫。
  A mosquito hums /buzzes/drones.蚊子哼哼/嗡嗡叫。
  A pig grunts/squeals. 猪咕噜咕噜/哼哼叫。
  B. 同一声音在英语和汉语中用相同的拟声词来表达:
  meow(或meou)──喵
  hiss──嘶嘶(作声)
  dingdong──丁冬(声),叮当(声)
  ping──乒
  giggle──咯咯(地笑)
  pit-a-pat──劈劈啪啪(地)
  cuckoo──咕咕
  A cow moos.母牛哞哞叫。
  A pigeon coos.鸽子咕咕叫。
  C. 不同的声音用相同的拟声词:
  babble──(婴儿)咿呀学语声;(流水)潺潺作声
  smack──(拍击声、鞭打声、砸嘴声、掌掴声)
  萧萧──(a horse) neighs, (the rain) patters, (the wind) whistles, (thetrees) rustle
  鸣──(birds) chirp, (frogs) creak, (a bugle) honks

标签: 翻译 笔记
学英语单词
agit-art
Aliva concrete sprayer
amadavats
apothecaries pound
Ariton
array pipelining algorithm
attention deficit disorder
barber shops
body tender bolster
Bokala
bomm hoisting
cadmium pyrophosphate
CEEC
clothes make the man
clovershrub
compiling computer
conciliation committee
coordinate net
copihold
country town
dead or static load
dialogue subsystem
Dien Bien Phu
difficiles
diole
earthen road
effective sound velocity
electrical scaffolding
ENWGS
epidemiology of prematurity
Eria robusta
farco
filterscan tube
fruit-juice tablet wrapper
gergens
giant ryegrass
guaietolin
hair cares
Hedyotis caudatifolia
high-speed data
ibm-apple
inactive x hypothesis (lyon hypothesis)
inclined-field tube
internal reticular apparatus
Lupercal
macroscopic parameter
manykins
markoffs
Mentone
Michaelis's rhomboic
monotonal
moraine plateau
multi jet operation
native hollies
NAVRADSTA
negativism
neurocirculatory asthenia
odd molecule
outdoorsiest
PA-144
paleobiometeorology
paragearksutite
petroleum posted price
pipesful
pitot static rake
planting plan
plate basket
polemic
polo court
potassium calcium sulfate
previous environment
prick for a plank
probability convergence
probability decoding
progressive factor
pronator tuberosity
pyloric gland like appendages
reheat pressure zone
retired ex-employees
Rhopaloblaste
roller head
shellac wheel
side-door container
single-spindle automatic chucking machine
sinnamin
sleeps in
snowgauge
standardization sample
stedill
sundragon
taglioni
terminal subcontrol station
thalassochory
touch the spot
transgressing
tsunami earthquake
turbomixer
unassured data transfer
us mailbox
Veldurti
ver. verification
wall beam