时间:2019-01-08 作者:英语课 分类:北外翻译笔记


英语课

   声色词是拟声词(onomatopoetic words)和色彩词(color words)的合称。前者模仿人、动物、自然现象、机器或工具等物品或动作所产生的各种声响,后者表现客观世界展现在我们眼前的各种色彩。声色词具有独特的修辞效果,运用得当会使语言表达生动活泼、引人入胜。翻译这两类词语一定要注意英汉两种语言之间的差异,细心推敲,尽可能再现原文中所描绘的客观世界里的声音和色彩。


  拟声词
  一、英汉拟声词比较
  英语和汉语中的拟声词都很丰富,但是大部分的拟声词在发音上相差甚远。这是因为拟声词是按照某种语言的语音系统对客观世界的声音加以模拟改造的结果,所以不可避免地带有该语言的发音特征。因此,英语和汉语中的拟声词之间既存在相同之处又存在不同之处。它们大体可以归纳为以下三点:
  A. 同一声音在英语和汉语中用不同的拟声词来表示:
  ***-a-doodle-do──喔喔喔
  clip-clop──(马蹄)得得声
  tick-tack──(钟表)滴答声
  hoot(toot)──嘟嘟
  dub-a-dub──(鼓)咚咚声
  jingle-jangle──玎玲当啷
  A horse neighs/whinnies/nickers.马嘶/马鸣/马萧萧。
  A dog barks/yaps/yelps/bays/snarls/growls/howls.狗汪汪叫/犬吠。
  A fly hums/buzzes/drones.苍蝇嗡嗡/哼哼叫。
  A mosquito hums /buzzes/drones.蚊子哼哼/嗡嗡叫。
  A pig grunts/squeals. 猪咕噜咕噜/哼哼叫。
  B. 同一声音在英语和汉语中用相同的拟声词来表达:
  meow(或meou)──喵
  hiss──嘶嘶(作声)
  dingdong──丁冬(声),叮当(声)
  ping──乒
  giggle──咯咯(地笑)
  pit-a-pat──劈劈啪啪(地)
  cuckoo──咕咕
  A cow moos.母牛哞哞叫。
  A pigeon coos.鸽子咕咕叫。
  C. 不同的声音用相同的拟声词:
  babble──(婴儿)咿呀学语声;(流水)潺潺作声
  smack──(拍击声、鞭打声、砸嘴声、掌掴声)
  萧萧──(a horse) neighs, (the rain) patters, (the wind) whistles, (thetrees) rustle
  鸣──(birds) chirp, (frogs) creak, (a bugle) honks

标签: 翻译 笔记
学英语单词
abundant capital
active silica
algorist
algorithmic convergence
analytic percent
annualized
asphaltic rock
bacterioidal
ballader
basketball coach
baza(a)r
boozles
bop cap
borishanskiite
bremser
Caribou County
cascade mts.
Cathaysoid
Chen Shigong
choicelessness
circuit switching concentration
Clean-up Hitter
complementary random number
corpus wolffi
crustliker
dealie
degree of relation
derived measurement
diplopterygium laevissimum
dml.
double monastery
Downing, Andrew Jackson
eccentricity tolerance
Eleocharis dulcis Trin. ex Henschel
equational language
erythrocyto-opsonin
Evans'index
exudative pericarditis
flatter with
fluxed sinter
forty-eight
four - h club
freight
gazz
Glencapel
Grosssteinherg
gyroquadrilaterals
H-RASGG
high-velocity armor-piercing rocket (hvap)
himalayan orogeny
homologous alternation of generations
horseshoe dune
hymenal
hyperfrequency wave
ibn-arabi
ice-falls
integer programming (IP)
interferometer measurement
Keep upright
Khvoyna
kife
lime-calcination reactor
magnetizing exciter
marsdekosideD
megacollections
mounting torque
Myaceae
net rate of heating
nuka
Paola Caliari
Peronedysidae
piano lid
plicative
prison'
pull sth on
radioisotope suit
range marker generator
recording balloon
recriminator
reproductives
Rhododendron pubescens
Rhynchostegiella
river rat
rjas
Salix microphyta
semi-infinite tape
semi-real-time processing
semisatisfied
sleyman
sodium caprylate
stagolee
start-stop characteristics
static characteristic of governing system
truck transit mixer
true type
unbecomely
very moment
vest-pocket edition
vestibular bulbar vein
viability of seeds
vitalistic
xir