时间:2019-01-08 作者:英语课 分类:北外翻译笔记


英语课

   声色词是拟声词(onomatopoetic words)和色彩词(color words)的合称。前者模仿人、动物、自然现象、机器或工具等物品或动作所产生的各种声响,后者表现客观世界展现在我们眼前的各种色彩。声色词具有独特的修辞效果,运用得当会使语言表达生动活泼、引人入胜。翻译这两类词语一定要注意英汉两种语言之间的差异,细心推敲,尽可能再现原文中所描绘的客观世界里的声音和色彩。


  拟声词
  一、英汉拟声词比较
  英语和汉语中的拟声词都很丰富,但是大部分的拟声词在发音上相差甚远。这是因为拟声词是按照某种语言的语音系统对客观世界的声音加以模拟改造的结果,所以不可避免地带有该语言的发音特征。因此,英语和汉语中的拟声词之间既存在相同之处又存在不同之处。它们大体可以归纳为以下三点:
  A. 同一声音在英语和汉语中用不同的拟声词来表示:
  ***-a-doodle-do──喔喔喔
  clip-clop──(马蹄)得得声
  tick-tack──(钟表)滴答声
  hoot(toot)──嘟嘟
  dub-a-dub──(鼓)咚咚声
  jingle-jangle──玎玲当啷
  A horse neighs/whinnies/nickers.马嘶/马鸣/马萧萧。
  A dog barks/yaps/yelps/bays/snarls/growls/howls.狗汪汪叫/犬吠。
  A fly hums/buzzes/drones.苍蝇嗡嗡/哼哼叫。
  A mosquito hums /buzzes/drones.蚊子哼哼/嗡嗡叫。
  A pig grunts/squeals. 猪咕噜咕噜/哼哼叫。
  B. 同一声音在英语和汉语中用相同的拟声词来表达:
  meow(或meou)──喵
  hiss──嘶嘶(作声)
  dingdong──丁冬(声),叮当(声)
  ping──乒
  giggle──咯咯(地笑)
  pit-a-pat──劈劈啪啪(地)
  cuckoo──咕咕
  A cow moos.母牛哞哞叫。
  A pigeon coos.鸽子咕咕叫。
  C. 不同的声音用相同的拟声词:
  babble──(婴儿)咿呀学语声;(流水)潺潺作声
  smack──(拍击声、鞭打声、砸嘴声、掌掴声)
  萧萧──(a horse) neighs, (the rain) patters, (the wind) whistles, (thetrees) rustle
  鸣──(birds) chirp, (frogs) creak, (a bugle) honks

标签: 翻译 笔记
学英语单词
A.M.P.S.
abbatical
adjustable clearer guide
amide linkage
anthropopsychism
Appendix testis
apple grove
Ardentinny
arvait
automatic spacing table
berchtold
Berkovitsa
birds-foot
bluejacket
Brownwood, L.
building state enterprises and renovating and enlarging old ones
calorificient
ceylle
conf.
conferrable
counterrevolutionary case
country map
cross-hatched
culter
data accepted
deep layer of deep temporal fascia
devonne
Dicetamine
DOAC
double English knotted netting
driving mode
Drotrecogin
elecrodermography
equation statement
Eucalyptus dumosa
explicit binding
false pains
family cryptobranchidaes
feasible generalized least squares estimator
ferro-dynamic ceramics
field-upgraded
folder path
front pinacoid
fusion-fission reactor
GB freight container
group busytone
iliopsoases
indecent prints
infeed accumulator
internal combustion trowelling machine
inupiat
laminated wood beam
Lauenberg
longidens
lurer
made snooks at
Marcumar
marine microbial biochemistry
mascherade
melasses
monoideal
multi-factor authentication
nanomol
new industrial research
no-self
non circulatory flow
nonsquares
ornamental gold
outboard motorboats
parfries
Petrarca
planned outage
plate index
predesign work
pustuloulcerating
quadratic programs
reductive acylation
reverse transition
Rhododendron viscidifolium
rock dots
root cell
sand-protecting dam
side judge
soham
solutory
sonorousness
square jackscrew
static liquid level
Staufen
Tamarix laxa
three-jaw selfcentering chuck
through train originated from one loading point
transforming factor
two wave approximation
ultrascan
vibration measurement of driver seat
vinum
W. M. R.
whale catcher boat
Winnica
yerbua
zhuizixian