时间:2019-01-08 作者:英语课 分类:北外翻译笔记


英语课

   声色词是拟声词(onomatopoetic words)和色彩词(color words)的合称。前者模仿人、动物、自然现象、机器或工具等物品或动作所产生的各种声响,后者表现客观世界展现在我们眼前的各种色彩。声色词具有独特的修辞效果,运用得当会使语言表达生动活泼、引人入胜。翻译这两类词语一定要注意英汉两种语言之间的差异,细心推敲,尽可能再现原文中所描绘的客观世界里的声音和色彩。


  拟声词
  一、英汉拟声词比较
  英语和汉语中的拟声词都很丰富,但是大部分的拟声词在发音上相差甚远。这是因为拟声词是按照某种语言的语音系统对客观世界的声音加以模拟改造的结果,所以不可避免地带有该语言的发音特征。因此,英语和汉语中的拟声词之间既存在相同之处又存在不同之处。它们大体可以归纳为以下三点:
  A. 同一声音在英语和汉语中用不同的拟声词来表示:
  ***-a-doodle-do──喔喔喔
  clip-clop──(马蹄)得得声
  tick-tack──(钟表)滴答声
  hoot(toot)──嘟嘟
  dub-a-dub──(鼓)咚咚声
  jingle-jangle──玎玲当啷
  A horse neighs/whinnies/nickers.马嘶/马鸣/马萧萧。
  A dog barks/yaps/yelps/bays/snarls/growls/howls.狗汪汪叫/犬吠。
  A fly hums/buzzes/drones.苍蝇嗡嗡/哼哼叫。
  A mosquito hums /buzzes/drones.蚊子哼哼/嗡嗡叫。
  A pig grunts/squeals. 猪咕噜咕噜/哼哼叫。
  B. 同一声音在英语和汉语中用相同的拟声词来表达:
  meow(或meou)──喵
  hiss──嘶嘶(作声)
  dingdong──丁冬(声),叮当(声)
  ping──乒
  giggle──咯咯(地笑)
  pit-a-pat──劈劈啪啪(地)
  cuckoo──咕咕
  A cow moos.母牛哞哞叫。
  A pigeon coos.鸽子咕咕叫。
  C. 不同的声音用相同的拟声词:
  babble──(婴儿)咿呀学语声;(流水)潺潺作声
  smack──(拍击声、鞭打声、砸嘴声、掌掴声)
  萧萧──(a horse) neighs, (the rain) patters, (the wind) whistles, (thetrees) rustle
  鸣──(birds) chirp, (frogs) creak, (a bugle) honks

标签: 翻译 笔记
学英语单词
activity classification
anomalon nigribase
aridify
arthritis urethritica
autumn-dryness
average number index
Berthelot method
block-oriented random access memory
bond parameter
Bordeaux
buhr stone mill
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charge life
choccies
chuck key
claybanks
coefficient of dilatation
cornalle
Dirē Shirē
disc smear
dolicocephaly
duv
ear cushion
enclosed container
Enough of that !
equal-signal system
essentialized
first - name basis
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floral motif
flucarbril
gas sweetening unit
gas-gouging
holcophylloceras taiwanicum
house work
hypoatherina valenciennei
in the Bush
indanedione
Indigofera litoralis
industrial gas appliance
inlay contact
intelligent graphics printer
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inversion of linkage mechanism
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konoscope
laminar crack
large bank
laser optics
launched
localized amyloidosis
longbowman
make the papers
markovic
meat flenser
melting point method
MICR
miniskirted
myofibromatosis
nati
necrsis
NOPWC
overlapping decomposition
parallel synchronous computer
periodic attenuation
phenyl naphthylamine
plateau monsoon
preselis
program out hub
pseudopregnants
puss caterpillar
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radio-controlled flight
raised bog
range rate error
rectilinear lens
Redearth
Reporting Dealer
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romp in
rubidium trioxide
run with the land
saigas
salinises
sintered diamond
soda pyroxenite
spy-plane
St-Saëns
straw floor mat
stretch sail
take up ... quarters
the hustle and bustle
the Securities and Exchange Commission
Thorgeirsfjördhur
three-wheeled taxi
under-thaw
voltage injection circuit
welfare payment
wide-range
xenon ashlamp pumping
zero center meter
ZidovudineCapsules