时间:2019-01-08 作者:英语课 分类:北外翻译笔记


英语课

   声色词是拟声词(onomatopoetic words)和色彩词(color words)的合称。前者模仿人、动物、自然现象、机器或工具等物品或动作所产生的各种声响,后者表现客观世界展现在我们眼前的各种色彩。声色词具有独特的修辞效果,运用得当会使语言表达生动活泼、引人入胜。翻译这两类词语一定要注意英汉两种语言之间的差异,细心推敲,尽可能再现原文中所描绘的客观世界里的声音和色彩。


  拟声词
  一、英汉拟声词比较
  英语和汉语中的拟声词都很丰富,但是大部分的拟声词在发音上相差甚远。这是因为拟声词是按照某种语言的语音系统对客观世界的声音加以模拟改造的结果,所以不可避免地带有该语言的发音特征。因此,英语和汉语中的拟声词之间既存在相同之处又存在不同之处。它们大体可以归纳为以下三点:
  A. 同一声音在英语和汉语中用不同的拟声词来表示:
  ***-a-doodle-do──喔喔喔
  clip-clop──(马蹄)得得声
  tick-tack──(钟表)滴答声
  hoot(toot)──嘟嘟
  dub-a-dub──(鼓)咚咚声
  jingle-jangle──玎玲当啷
  A horse neighs/whinnies/nickers.马嘶/马鸣/马萧萧。
  A dog barks/yaps/yelps/bays/snarls/growls/howls.狗汪汪叫/犬吠。
  A fly hums/buzzes/drones.苍蝇嗡嗡/哼哼叫。
  A mosquito hums /buzzes/drones.蚊子哼哼/嗡嗡叫。
  A pig grunts/squeals. 猪咕噜咕噜/哼哼叫。
  B. 同一声音在英语和汉语中用相同的拟声词来表达:
  meow(或meou)──喵
  hiss──嘶嘶(作声)
  dingdong──丁冬(声),叮当(声)
  ping──乒
  giggle──咯咯(地笑)
  pit-a-pat──劈劈啪啪(地)
  cuckoo──咕咕
  A cow moos.母牛哞哞叫。
  A pigeon coos.鸽子咕咕叫。
  C. 不同的声音用相同的拟声词:
  babble──(婴儿)咿呀学语声;(流水)潺潺作声
  smack──(拍击声、鞭打声、砸嘴声、掌掴声)
  萧萧──(a horse) neighs, (the rain) patters, (the wind) whistles, (thetrees) rustle
  鸣──(birds) chirp, (frogs) creak, (a bugle) honks

标签: 翻译 笔记
学英语单词
a-party
accommodation paper
adenomyoma
algebra
amplitude of fluctation
angiozyme
antipolis
Bekodoka
benurestat
betroth
break distance of switch
bulkhead deck
bunsen-schilling efflisiometer
cbrs
Cedrela calantas
charge offs
class C circuit
cleape
clip in spring season
coast of elevation
community college
complex stimulus
current collector brush
deep parotid lymph nodes
degree of accurancy
delayed repair
delivery confirmation
digit plane driver (dpd)
directory tree
discreditest
diter
draffsack
Eighty Years' War
Emmetsburg
face-funguses
finnish marks
firm-joint caliper
fish sealing
fuel pump cam
growing degreeday
Hassmersheim
hear the last something
Hiroshima-wan
Howard Robard Hughes
injection orbit radius
intramicellar reaction
kobe beef
lens cell
light-zone depth
litaneutical
load-carrying capacity
longitudinal butt strap
macroscopic-void
marietta carnesi
memer
metro-north
microscopic Widal agglutination test
mosaul
mugham
norm of material reserve
offence of indecent activities
one for his nob
open-air temperature of ships
orthogonal complement space
output reduction
over oiling
Over-chute
pentothal socium
phylloscopus ricketti
pizzulli
Pneumatomachian
Popocatépetl, Vol.
prestressed reinforced concrete sleeper
public law 100-235
purser's store keeper
Radishchevo
restoratives
school location
scotch bonnets
session beer
Shalav
sharkdom
stock incentive plan
sweep vessel
São Bartolomeu
take the sense of
terms of loan agreements
tewke
trans-siberian
trial-bred
TVNI
uvdicon
vertical hook
virtual teletype
visceral brain
vitasphere
voltage-sensitive
vpi (virtual path identifier)
Waltz jump
Words With Friends
work of adhesion per unit area
Zener efficiency