时间:2019-01-08 作者:英语课 分类:北外翻译笔记


英语课

   声色词是拟声词(onomatopoetic words)和色彩词(color words)的合称。前者模仿人、动物、自然现象、机器或工具等物品或动作所产生的各种声响,后者表现客观世界展现在我们眼前的各种色彩。声色词具有独特的修辞效果,运用得当会使语言表达生动活泼、引人入胜。翻译这两类词语一定要注意英汉两种语言之间的差异,细心推敲,尽可能再现原文中所描绘的客观世界里的声音和色彩。


  拟声词
  一、英汉拟声词比较
  英语和汉语中的拟声词都很丰富,但是大部分的拟声词在发音上相差甚远。这是因为拟声词是按照某种语言的语音系统对客观世界的声音加以模拟改造的结果,所以不可避免地带有该语言的发音特征。因此,英语和汉语中的拟声词之间既存在相同之处又存在不同之处。它们大体可以归纳为以下三点:
  A. 同一声音在英语和汉语中用不同的拟声词来表示:
  ***-a-doodle-do──喔喔喔
  clip-clop──(马蹄)得得声
  tick-tack──(钟表)滴答声
  hoot(toot)──嘟嘟
  dub-a-dub──(鼓)咚咚声
  jingle-jangle──玎玲当啷
  A horse neighs/whinnies/nickers.马嘶/马鸣/马萧萧。
  A dog barks/yaps/yelps/bays/snarls/growls/howls.狗汪汪叫/犬吠。
  A fly hums/buzzes/drones.苍蝇嗡嗡/哼哼叫。
  A mosquito hums /buzzes/drones.蚊子哼哼/嗡嗡叫。
  A pig grunts/squeals. 猪咕噜咕噜/哼哼叫。
  B. 同一声音在英语和汉语中用相同的拟声词来表达:
  meow(或meou)──喵
  hiss──嘶嘶(作声)
  dingdong──丁冬(声),叮当(声)
  ping──乒
  giggle──咯咯(地笑)
  pit-a-pat──劈劈啪啪(地)
  cuckoo──咕咕
  A cow moos.母牛哞哞叫。
  A pigeon coos.鸽子咕咕叫。
  C. 不同的声音用相同的拟声词:
  babble──(婴儿)咿呀学语声;(流水)潺潺作声
  smack──(拍击声、鞭打声、砸嘴声、掌掴声)
  萧萧──(a horse) neighs, (the rain) patters, (the wind) whistles, (thetrees) rustle
  鸣──(birds) chirp, (frogs) creak, (a bugle) honks

标签: 翻译 笔记
学英语单词
amethystina
Arzberg
attacking zone
Balsam-poplar
bible
bilton
branmeal
bretches
cable length
chiliander
coating hood
cobble something together
Comenius
confusables
daylight test
dead bolts
dissipation function
dross trap
duck foot
echo(in computer graphics)
field workshop
field-trips
flow bean choke
fruitless flower
gas-to-particle heat transfer
genealogical intelligence studies
general kernel
geotechnical index property test
green hairstreaks
head closure
heavily guarded
Hepsan
high energy particles
high torque and low speed motor
Hinabangan
horizontal-vertical position
jerry springer
kaet
Keyhole Markup Language
kinds of
knig
laboratoires
lestids
light on buoys
LP piping system
macro-oriented instruction sets
Makaha'a I.
marine deposition terrace
Markov renewal process
martyrer
military convoy
move one's boots
MT advice
multivibrator frequency modulator
necrobiosis lipoidicas
outfeating
paek
partial ship code
Pentatomidae
photophosphorescence
pizza niggers
Polytoca
predomine
prelights
preventative maintenance
RATM
receiver capsule
regressive character
reverse motion
ring lifter
rotie
Roverbella
San Remo Oil Agreement
sand-pit
sation
sausage goods
seguro
serial by character
shapis
smoothed-over
social accounting matrix
somesthetics
special soft steel
spinochromes
split foot
ST_weapons-and-explosives_fireworks
stands by
Suprapyloric
sweet-smelling
Tarai
target emulator
taviers
teflon seal ring
theche
thermocouple dipole
threefourths
tip circle of worm
true thrushes
Tsumacide
unauthorized bank
unpresageful
winterage