时间:2019-01-08 作者:英语课 分类:北外翻译笔记


英语课

   声色词是拟声词(onomatopoetic words)和色彩词(color words)的合称。前者模仿人、动物、自然现象、机器或工具等物品或动作所产生的各种声响,后者表现客观世界展现在我们眼前的各种色彩。声色词具有独特的修辞效果,运用得当会使语言表达生动活泼、引人入胜。翻译这两类词语一定要注意英汉两种语言之间的差异,细心推敲,尽可能再现原文中所描绘的客观世界里的声音和色彩。


  拟声词
  一、英汉拟声词比较
  英语和汉语中的拟声词都很丰富,但是大部分的拟声词在发音上相差甚远。这是因为拟声词是按照某种语言的语音系统对客观世界的声音加以模拟改造的结果,所以不可避免地带有该语言的发音特征。因此,英语和汉语中的拟声词之间既存在相同之处又存在不同之处。它们大体可以归纳为以下三点:
  A. 同一声音在英语和汉语中用不同的拟声词来表示:
  ***-a-doodle-do──喔喔喔
  clip-clop──(马蹄)得得声
  tick-tack──(钟表)滴答声
  hoot(toot)──嘟嘟
  dub-a-dub──(鼓)咚咚声
  jingle-jangle──玎玲当啷
  A horse neighs/whinnies/nickers.马嘶/马鸣/马萧萧。
  A dog barks/yaps/yelps/bays/snarls/growls/howls.狗汪汪叫/犬吠。
  A fly hums/buzzes/drones.苍蝇嗡嗡/哼哼叫。
  A mosquito hums /buzzes/drones.蚊子哼哼/嗡嗡叫。
  A pig grunts/squeals. 猪咕噜咕噜/哼哼叫。
  B. 同一声音在英语和汉语中用相同的拟声词来表达:
  meow(或meou)──喵
  hiss──嘶嘶(作声)
  dingdong──丁冬(声),叮当(声)
  ping──乒
  giggle──咯咯(地笑)
  pit-a-pat──劈劈啪啪(地)
  cuckoo──咕咕
  A cow moos.母牛哞哞叫。
  A pigeon coos.鸽子咕咕叫。
  C. 不同的声音用相同的拟声词:
  babble──(婴儿)咿呀学语声;(流水)潺潺作声
  smack──(拍击声、鞭打声、砸嘴声、掌掴声)
  萧萧──(a horse) neighs, (the rain) patters, (the wind) whistles, (thetrees) rustle
  鸣──(birds) chirp, (frogs) creak, (a bugle) honks

标签: 翻译 笔记
学英语单词
acme thread
Aconitum longtouense
air-foam drilling
anaesthetic agents
anti-corona collar
aryballos
auto-harvester thresher
bacterioopsins
ballistics of penetration
banks of japan
be itching to do sth
bind to set
black wheat aphid
Blairites
Borlo
burnt-umber
burro's tail
card-sorting machine
career-wise
cheese head screw
cirio
confluent lysis
convex globoidal cam
counter type frequency meter
cubical dilatation
denna
dichlor-mapharsen
Doppler filtering
dwelling unit
eckington
electron-poor
enodation
enrapturers
Feudenheim
forge scrap
four-vertex theorem
garden cities
glass-level controller
gomboge
grid figure
hypostomuss
incremental parameter
indigenous technological capacity
indium tin oxide conductive glass
insensitivenesses
integral tripack
interliner passenger
junction rail
McKinsey
mercury lamp
model solar atmosphere
motorette
move mountains to do something
multi-color
negative mineral
nm (nautical mile)
Okarito brown kiwi
on-water
original block
P-function
P-S-N curve
packet of energy
percusses
persistent lines
petkovsek
phalanges digitorum manus
Pictet's chloroform
piperlongminine
plane of oscillation
plus count
portal with cylindrical structure
premodernity
premultiplies
push-pull output stage
put into the melting pot
pyramidologist
radiation of water wave
reema
refraction (of neutron beam)
satellite laser radar
sauffe
schizophytas
sfsisfstsys-s
sherardizing
shipboard missile
shrewdly
shunting sign
sintering pallet
Skapanthus oreophilus
solid piling
Solow
steersman
therophyte plot
umpired
unsneck
unsubscriptions
upper-case letters
variable self-induction
wavx
Wendesi
wish you were here
wittolly