时间:2019-01-08 作者:英语课 分类:北外翻译笔记


英语课

   声色词是拟声词(onomatopoetic words)和色彩词(color words)的合称。前者模仿人、动物、自然现象、机器或工具等物品或动作所产生的各种声响,后者表现客观世界展现在我们眼前的各种色彩。声色词具有独特的修辞效果,运用得当会使语言表达生动活泼、引人入胜。翻译这两类词语一定要注意英汉两种语言之间的差异,细心推敲,尽可能再现原文中所描绘的客观世界里的声音和色彩。


  拟声词
  一、英汉拟声词比较
  英语和汉语中的拟声词都很丰富,但是大部分的拟声词在发音上相差甚远。这是因为拟声词是按照某种语言的语音系统对客观世界的声音加以模拟改造的结果,所以不可避免地带有该语言的发音特征。因此,英语和汉语中的拟声词之间既存在相同之处又存在不同之处。它们大体可以归纳为以下三点:
  A. 同一声音在英语和汉语中用不同的拟声词来表示:
  ***-a-doodle-do──喔喔喔
  clip-clop──(马蹄)得得声
  tick-tack──(钟表)滴答声
  hoot(toot)──嘟嘟
  dub-a-dub──(鼓)咚咚声
  jingle-jangle──玎玲当啷
  A horse neighs/whinnies/nickers.马嘶/马鸣/马萧萧。
  A dog barks/yaps/yelps/bays/snarls/growls/howls.狗汪汪叫/犬吠。
  A fly hums/buzzes/drones.苍蝇嗡嗡/哼哼叫。
  A mosquito hums /buzzes/drones.蚊子哼哼/嗡嗡叫。
  A pig grunts/squeals. 猪咕噜咕噜/哼哼叫。
  B. 同一声音在英语和汉语中用相同的拟声词来表达:
  meow(或meou)──喵
  hiss──嘶嘶(作声)
  dingdong──丁冬(声),叮当(声)
  ping──乒
  giggle──咯咯(地笑)
  pit-a-pat──劈劈啪啪(地)
  cuckoo──咕咕
  A cow moos.母牛哞哞叫。
  A pigeon coos.鸽子咕咕叫。
  C. 不同的声音用相同的拟声词:
  babble──(婴儿)咿呀学语声;(流水)潺潺作声
  smack──(拍击声、鞭打声、砸嘴声、掌掴声)
  萧萧──(a horse) neighs, (the rain) patters, (the wind) whistles, (thetrees) rustle
  鸣──(birds) chirp, (frogs) creak, (a bugle) honks

标签: 翻译 笔记
学英语单词
Aconitum nakaoi
act of will
air-suspension system
Arthur Mitchell
autolithographic
automatic alarm logger
BEL
Blastosporaceae
boarding and softening machine
bobrynets (bobrinets)
bottomset
brake(-holder) block
central cathode type phototube
chalk talks
cohort fertility
colour flicker
column binary card
consecutive insanity
contracted responsibility system in management
convey belt
Corbelin, C.
critical path methods
current modulator
daub on
dikter
draftability
drinkall
drive gear
engirding
Erichsen's ligature
farre
fernleys
follow in somebody's footsteps
foundation pile diagnosis system
four stand tandem mill
Francis Everett Townsend
fraudulent activity
future transaction
gallows timber
gonococcin
Haliaeetus pelagicus
hatpin
have drink taken
heikamp
Hordern
hyprum sschreberi willd.
inhibit current pulse
internal trajectory
kobenhavens
La Alberca
Lanatabs
lead coplanarity
locking down
long summer
longchamps
Luie
magnolia watsonii hook.f.
mark of reference
Mashreq Asia Limited
mocoes
OD's
ooide
optic apraxia
out-of-core inventory
P. G. Wodehouse
Parasalicil
Paravemin
pharmacology of immunoregulation
plastic lens
polyembryonic twin
Pont-à-Celles
postsphenoid
precipitition of calcium bisulphite crystals
prestod
propionic acid fermentation
proprietor's income
PSE (Pressurized Subcritical Experiment)
radio rangefinder
random logic device
rectocolitis
Rivero, I.
sanding head
signal communication
Sindacon
special sense system
steam conditioner
thalattocracies
to surround
tornado dust collector
traifoyle
Trigonostemon thyrsoideus
trustbusters
Turkish manna
user-defined value
Valvula venae cavae inferioris
vanillin
Venices
wasteness
whoomphs
Windows Messenger
yakurr
zero-offset VSP