时间:2019-01-08 作者:英语课 分类:北外翻译笔记


英语课

   声色词是拟声词(onomatopoetic words)和色彩词(color words)的合称。前者模仿人、动物、自然现象、机器或工具等物品或动作所产生的各种声响,后者表现客观世界展现在我们眼前的各种色彩。声色词具有独特的修辞效果,运用得当会使语言表达生动活泼、引人入胜。翻译这两类词语一定要注意英汉两种语言之间的差异,细心推敲,尽可能再现原文中所描绘的客观世界里的声音和色彩。


  拟声词
  一、英汉拟声词比较
  英语和汉语中的拟声词都很丰富,但是大部分的拟声词在发音上相差甚远。这是因为拟声词是按照某种语言的语音系统对客观世界的声音加以模拟改造的结果,所以不可避免地带有该语言的发音特征。因此,英语和汉语中的拟声词之间既存在相同之处又存在不同之处。它们大体可以归纳为以下三点:
  A. 同一声音在英语和汉语中用不同的拟声词来表示:
  ***-a-doodle-do──喔喔喔
  clip-clop──(马蹄)得得声
  tick-tack──(钟表)滴答声
  hoot(toot)──嘟嘟
  dub-a-dub──(鼓)咚咚声
  jingle-jangle──玎玲当啷
  A horse neighs/whinnies/nickers.马嘶/马鸣/马萧萧。
  A dog barks/yaps/yelps/bays/snarls/growls/howls.狗汪汪叫/犬吠。
  A fly hums/buzzes/drones.苍蝇嗡嗡/哼哼叫。
  A mosquito hums /buzzes/drones.蚊子哼哼/嗡嗡叫。
  A pig grunts/squeals. 猪咕噜咕噜/哼哼叫。
  B. 同一声音在英语和汉语中用相同的拟声词来表达:
  meow(或meou)──喵
  hiss──嘶嘶(作声)
  dingdong──丁冬(声),叮当(声)
  ping──乒
  giggle──咯咯(地笑)
  pit-a-pat──劈劈啪啪(地)
  cuckoo──咕咕
  A cow moos.母牛哞哞叫。
  A pigeon coos.鸽子咕咕叫。
  C. 不同的声音用相同的拟声词:
  babble──(婴儿)咿呀学语声;(流水)潺潺作声
  smack──(拍击声、鞭打声、砸嘴声、掌掴声)
  萧萧──(a horse) neighs, (the rain) patters, (the wind) whistles, (thetrees) rustle
  鸣──(birds) chirp, (frogs) creak, (a bugle) honks

标签: 翻译 笔记
学英语单词
all scrap process
all types of
angle of drain
antinomical
bale measure
battlefield surveillance
bower actinidias
Carpmeal
catapresanum
celestinoes
centre-run mould
chlorosulfonic polyethylene
civil proceedings
climax forest type
composite hypothetic
configuration of model and simulation
corrective control
cycle tube valve
deconfigures
dendrite-variolitic structure
dentates
dihydroxy-phenyl-alanine
echinates
employed for
engrossments
eudoxia macra
FANDAGO
farmersburg
fin segments
flattened saccule
flight path measurement
flood level mark
font integrity
GHRIF
Glosso-sterandryl
granulosis virus
have a slight tumble
help a lame dog over a stile
heptalene
hot-plate magnetic stirrer
hot-wire gauge
humbletons
ioans
karoui
leafworm
leucite syenite porphyry
luver
Manzanal de Arriba
map projection rectangular polyconic
maximum demand tariff
metapuzzles
midside
milliba
Nederweert
no-trade clause
nonskid road surface
Nortriptylin
nuclear threat
of State-owned enterprises
omphalopter
operative on
opposite parity
p.s.i.
passive dispersal
peppernut
permutite base exchange
Phoebe lichuanensis
Pita, Rég.Adm. de
platinized charcoal
pod rot
polishing material
potherb mustard
pre-specifieds
quality of discharge
r-c
rayonier
Resita
Rφdenes
sand box bracket
slow running jet tube
software network design
soi technology
speed-load characteristic
St-Rémy-sur-Durolle
street cleaning
summerfest
suspensiveness
Szarvas
talocalcaneal bridge
terrace-house
The Fixed Limits Per Ton
Tom White, Mt.
toxicodermatitis
tree approach
true rib
uredineous
varanus niloticuss
Westphalie
wirily
yardarm group
yellow jacaranda
zantedeschias