时间:2019-01-08 作者:英语课 分类:北外翻译笔记


英语课

   声色词是拟声词(onomatopoetic words)和色彩词(color words)的合称。前者模仿人、动物、自然现象、机器或工具等物品或动作所产生的各种声响,后者表现客观世界展现在我们眼前的各种色彩。声色词具有独特的修辞效果,运用得当会使语言表达生动活泼、引人入胜。翻译这两类词语一定要注意英汉两种语言之间的差异,细心推敲,尽可能再现原文中所描绘的客观世界里的声音和色彩。


  拟声词
  一、英汉拟声词比较
  英语和汉语中的拟声词都很丰富,但是大部分的拟声词在发音上相差甚远。这是因为拟声词是按照某种语言的语音系统对客观世界的声音加以模拟改造的结果,所以不可避免地带有该语言的发音特征。因此,英语和汉语中的拟声词之间既存在相同之处又存在不同之处。它们大体可以归纳为以下三点:
  A. 同一声音在英语和汉语中用不同的拟声词来表示:
  ***-a-doodle-do──喔喔喔
  clip-clop──(马蹄)得得声
  tick-tack──(钟表)滴答声
  hoot(toot)──嘟嘟
  dub-a-dub──(鼓)咚咚声
  jingle-jangle──玎玲当啷
  A horse neighs/whinnies/nickers.马嘶/马鸣/马萧萧。
  A dog barks/yaps/yelps/bays/snarls/growls/howls.狗汪汪叫/犬吠。
  A fly hums/buzzes/drones.苍蝇嗡嗡/哼哼叫。
  A mosquito hums /buzzes/drones.蚊子哼哼/嗡嗡叫。
  A pig grunts/squeals. 猪咕噜咕噜/哼哼叫。
  B. 同一声音在英语和汉语中用相同的拟声词来表达:
  meow(或meou)──喵
  hiss──嘶嘶(作声)
  dingdong──丁冬(声),叮当(声)
  ping──乒
  giggle──咯咯(地笑)
  pit-a-pat──劈劈啪啪(地)
  cuckoo──咕咕
  A cow moos.母牛哞哞叫。
  A pigeon coos.鸽子咕咕叫。
  C. 不同的声音用相同的拟声词:
  babble──(婴儿)咿呀学语声;(流水)潺潺作声
  smack──(拍击声、鞭打声、砸嘴声、掌掴声)
  萧萧──(a horse) neighs, (the rain) patters, (the wind) whistles, (thetrees) rustle
  鸣──(birds) chirp, (frogs) creak, (a bugle) honks

标签: 翻译 笔记
学英语单词
alindor
alp
anthropography
archaio-
atomization device
bacterial reproduction
bathygobius cocosensis
be alien from
bedamning
birthroots
blue walleyes
Bramham
Bφrselv
canalicular period
capelan
centessence
chaetodon nippon
Chase I.
communication channel
contract microbrew
credit-worthiness
dead crystal
designate by
dichloroethylene
domestic currency bill
dovetail milling cutter
Durande's remedy
earthing system
eburneum process
effect of anti-zero phase inversion
fatty alcohol oxidoreductase
fractional reserves
Functions of Bill of Lading
G.M.
glossolalic
glutenins
Gymnelis viridis
half cutwork
high-test
hook, line and sinker
hypopharyngeal process
IDDT
intermedian cubital vein
islomania
Khalkabad
Kuwaiti dinar
Környe
legacy network
linearly semi ordered space
lubricating oil arrangement
maseca
Mercury program
method of indirect least squares
methylfumaric acid
mid-latitude season
mycobacterium gordoneae
negative diageotropism
new-homest
nikkoaspis formosana
nuclear coupling
Odontaspididae
omittance is no quittance
opium eater
oxygen consumed
paid debt
pamb
paper feed rollers
permanent shaft support
philosophy of engineering
photozincography
pressure-relief valve plunger
processor-camera
product determined industry
realignment function
ring dey
risk bearing entity
Rolando's substance
saddle stitch
section cutting
shimmy
silver (ag)
slow-wittedly
Spilanthes calva
step wheel
submerged storage tank
the ultimate ratio
thermodynamics of irreversible processes
tongue-in-chic
transfer lag
trellis coded pulse amplitude modulation
tweedier
undecked vessel
unrecoiling
Urban III
us d
VCO (voltage controlled oscillator)
wathe
were in possession of
Weston-super-Mare
whighen
wire grasses
WWR