北外翻译笔记 第23课 翻译疑点--动与静(2)
时间:2019-01-08 作者:英语课 分类:北外翻译笔记
英语课
"be 非动词同源形容词"句式:
(1) He was an able and a successful one.
他为人能干, 事业成功。
(2) His ill health has been a very anxious business.
他身体不好令人十分担忧。
(3) I am quite ignorant of what they intend to do.
我的确不知道他们打算干什么。
(4) You shouldn't be sensitive about one's clothing.
你不要太注重衣着了。
"be 副词"句式:
(1) We must be off now. 我们得走了。
(2) The performance is on. 演出已经开始了。
(3) Their experiment has been over. 他们的实验已经结束了。
(4) I saw you out with a boy yesterday.昨天我看见你和一个男孩上街了。
"be 介词短语"句式:
(1) Because of bad government, the company was in the red.
由于管理不善, 公司出现亏损。
(2) The factory is under construction.
工厂正在建造中。
(二)化动为静
化动为静就是把原文中的动态句式转换为静态句式。英语虽然喜欢选用静态句式,但选用动态句式来叙述静态的意义也是常有的事。这些动态句式极富修辞效果,常见于景物描写。英语有些动态句式译成静态句式往往比译成动态句式要好。例如:
(1) To the south of the city lies a river. 城南有一条河。
(2) In front of me stood the essential tools of the intelligence officer's trade-a desk, two telephones, one scrambled 1 for outside calls, and to one side a large green metal safe with an oversized combination lock on the front. 眼前是干情报官这一行的基本用具──张写字台, 两部电话, 一部装有外线保密器, 一侧立着一个大型的绿色金属保险柜, 柜正面装有特大号的号码锁。
(3) Here, in the endless paper chase which began so clearly but ended in my mystery, lay the threads of my career. 这种无休无止的文档追索游戏, 始而目标明确, 终于迷雾一团,贯穿其中的便是我的职业生涯。
(4) High in the Carolina mountains sits a orphanage 2.
在卡罗来纳山地高处有一座孤儿院。
此外,有些英语动态句的意义不易用汉语动态句来表达,或表达不准确、不流畅时,该动态句也需要转换为静态句。例如:
(1) Silence followed this remark.话音落下, 一阵沉默。
(2) Our age is witnessing a profound political change.我们的时代是深刻的政治变化的见证。
(3) Its gleaming sands and backdrop of pine woods and distant hills give it a pleasant and restful atmosphere. 这儿沙滩闪烁,松林掩映,远山连绵,自有一种心旷神怡的气氛。
(4) She knows what's what. 她很有鉴别力。
(5) They thought differently.他们想法不同。
(6) It is chiefly characterized by its simplicity 3 of structure.它的主要特点是结构简单。
(7) The room is well furnished.房间的陈设颇佳。
v.快速爬行( scramble的过去式和过去分词 );攀登;争夺;(军事飞机)紧急起飞
- Each scrambled for the football at the football ground. 足球场上你争我夺。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
- He scrambled awkwardly to his feet. 他笨拙地爬起身来。 来自《简明英汉词典》
n.孤儿院
- They dispensed new clothes to the children in the orphanage.他们把新衣服发给孤儿院的小孩们。
- They gave the proceeds of the sale to the orphanage.他们把销售的收入给了这家孤儿院。
n.简单,简易;朴素;直率,单纯
- She dressed with elegant simplicity.她穿着朴素高雅。
- The beauty of this plan is its simplicity.简明扼要是这个计划的一大特点。