The Patriot《爱国者》（视频精讲之五）

影片对白

MAJOR HALBERT: My lord, there is a rider at the gates. A civilian 1 carrying a white flag.

CORNWALLIS: I'm occupied .

MAJOR HALBERT: He has a pair of dogs with him. Great Danes.

CORNWALLIS: Now we come to the matter of the specific targeting of officers during engagements. Of course you must know that in civilized 2 warfare 3, officers in the field must not be accorded inappropriate levels of hostile attention.

MARTIN: To your mind , what are appropriate levels of hostile attention?

CORNWALLIS: Colonel, imagine the utter chaos 4 that would follow from leaderless armies having at each other. There must be gentlemen in command to lead and, and, and when appropriate, restrain their men.

MARTIN: Restrain them from, say, targeting civilians 5. Women, children and such?

CORNWALLIS: That's a separate issue.

MARTIN: No, no, no, I consider them linked. As long as your soldiers attack civilians, I will order the shooting of your officers at every engagement. And my men are excellent marksmen.

CORNWALLIS: Very well, now let us move on to... 

MARTIN: Prisoner exchange.

CORNWALLIS: Sir?

MARTIN: You have eighteen of my men. I want them back.

CORNWALLIS: I, I do have eighteen criminals under sentence of death, but I, I hold no prisoners of war.

MARTIN: If that's your position, then eighteen of your officers will have to die. Nineteen, if you hang me with my men.

CORNWALLIS: My officers?

MARTIN: Sir, top of the ridge 6, to your left. Just Below the tree line.

CORNWALLIS: Their names and ranks?

MARTIN: They refused to give me their names. But their ranks are nine lieutenants 7, five captains, three majors and one very fat colonel who called me a cheeky fellow.

CORNWALLIS: You know this is not the conduct of a gentleman.

MARTIN: If the conduct of your officers is the measure of a gentleman, I take that as a compliment. Get my men.

CORNWALLIS: Arrange the exchange.

MAJOR HALBERT: My lord.

MARTIN: Thank you sir.

MAJOR HALBERT: One of our captured officers, my lord.

CORNWALLIS: My reputation suffers because of your incompetence 8! That man insults me!

TAVINGTON: Quite impressive for a farmer with a pitchfork, wouldn't you say?

CORNWALLIS: I want you to find that man. I want you to capture him.

TAVINGTON: The man has the loyalty 9 of the people. They protect him. Protect his family. Protect the families of his men. I can capture him for you. But to do so requires the use of tactics that are somewhat… what was the word your lordship used? "Brutal 10", I think.

CORNWALLIS: Go on.

TAVINGTON: I am preparing to do what is necessary. I alone will assume the full mantle 11 of responsibility for my actions free of the chain of command rendering 12 you blameless. However, if I do this, you and I both know that I can never return to England with honor. What, I wonder, is to become of me?

CORNWALLIS: When this war is over here in the colonies, the new aristocracy will be landowners.

TAVINGTON: Tell me about Ohio.

PRIVATE: Make way .

TAVINGTON: As you were. Wilkins. A plantation 13 seven miles from Wakefield, on the Santee, east of Black Swamp. Who lived there?

WILKINS: Benjamin Martin.

BORDON: He is the ghost.

TAVINGTON: What do you know about him?

WILKINS: Hell , everything. I could tell you the size of his boot.

妙语佳句，活学活用

1. Occupied

Occupied 这个词有很多有趣的用法，我们来一一看一下。作为形容词，occupied可以表示：
1）被使用的，例如：She keeps her time well occupied. The WC is occupied.
2）被占领的，例如：the occupied countries of Europe
3）有人居住的，例如：Not all the occupied (or tenanted) apartments were well kept up.
4）投入精力/集中注意力做……事，例如：She keeps herself fully 14 occupied with volunteer activities.

在片段中的这个occupied 意思是“正被某事占据”，可以译为“我正忙着呢”。

2. To one's mind

和 in one's opinion 同义，例如：To my mind we have enough money to start building now.

3. Become of

“Happen to, befall, be the fate of 使遭遇，发生于，变成”的意思，例如：I haven't seen Joe in a year; what has become of his book?

4. Make way

意思是“让路”，例如：Make way for the king!
Make way 还表示“给别人让位”，例如：He resigned to make way for a younger man.
此外，make way 还表示“发展，进步”，如：Is this enterprise making way?
Please make way for the wheelchair.

5. Hell

Hell 在这里是个语气词，用来加强语气，如：“Hell no!”。Hell也可以用来表示惊讶，愤怒，厌恶等感情。

文化面面观

人物：Charles Cornwallis & William Tavington (Banastre Tarleton)

1. Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess, 1738-1805, English general and statesman.

He was commissioned an ensign in the British army in 1756 and saw service in Europe in the Seven Years War. As a member of Parliament (which he entered in 1760), he opposed the tax measures that helped bring on the American Revolution. When the war came, however, he placed himself at the king's service and was sent (1776) to America. He served under Gen. William Howe at the battle of Long Island, in the New Jersey 15 campaigns, and at the battle of Brandywine, acquitting 16 himself with credit in all the engagements. In 1778, Cornwallis became second in command to Sir Henry Clinton, British commander in America. Two years later Cornwallis began the fateful Carolina campaign, which led directly to the Yorktown campaign and the major British defeat that in 1781 ended the fighting. Cornwallis was not held responsible for the disaster and in 1786 became governor-general of India. There he reformed the civil service and the judiciary and distinguished 17 himself in the campaigns against Tippoo Sahib of Mysore. He was created a marquess in 1792 and returned to England in 1794. In 1798, Cornwallis was sent to Ireland as viceroy and commander in chief, and he was stern in repressing the rebellion there in the same year. He worked to achieve the Act of Union (1800), which initiated 18 the unhappy experiment of uniting the Irish and British parliaments, but he resigned (1801) with William Pitt when George III refused to accept Catholic Emancipation 19. Cornwallis was then commissioned British minister plenipotentiary and helped to draw up the Treaty of Amiens (1802), which temporarily halted the war with Napoleonic France. In 1805 he was again appointed governor-general of India, but he died two months after his arrival there.

2. William Tavington

Colonel William Tavington is based on Lt. Colonel Banastre Tarleton.

Lieutenant-Colonel Banastre Tarleton by Sir Joshua Reynolds

The notable successes of Sir Banastre Tarleton (1754-1833), English cavalry 20 officer during the American Revolution, earned him the sobriquet 21 "Bloody 22 Tarleton."

Banastre Tarleton was the son of a wealthy Liverpool merchant, a sometime mayor of the city. After attending Oxford 23, young Tarleton entered the King's Dragoon Guards in 1775. He volunteered for service in the American colonies and gained his first military experience in Henry Clinton's unsuccessful venture against Charleston, S.C., in June 1776. Tarleton participated in the New York, Philadelphia, and Monmouth campaigns and was a member of the small party that captured American general Charles Lee in late 1776.

Accompanying Clinton on his second expedition against Charleston in 1780, Tarleton demonstrated his ability as commander of light infantry 24 and dragoons. In a number of engagements he sometimes annihilated 25 the opposition 26 at little loss to his own men. After the bloody battle at Waxhaws, S.C., in May, Tarleton was regarded by the Revolutionaries as bloodthirsty and merciless. His reputation was largely a consequence of his tactics - usually a rapid cavalry charge followed by the energetic use of sabers and bayonets - and their impact upon the often poorly trained Americans.

Tarleton helped rout 27 Horatio Gates's army at Camden, S.C., in August 1780 and surprised and destroyed the mixed forces of Thomas Sumter at Fishing Creek 28. Tarleton's defeat at Cowpens, S.C., in January 1781 materially weakened British forces in the South and raised rebel morale 29 and encouraged resistance to the British. Subsequently, he won minor 30 engagements and led a spectacular raid deep into Virginia in July. But, as he admitted, the results of this raid did not compensate 31 for the loss of men and horses. He served with Lord Cornwallis in the Yorktown campaign, and their forces surrendered in October.

After being paroled, Tarleton returned to England in 1782. He served (with one year's exception) as a Liverpool member of the House of Commons from 1790 to 1812. Sometimes active in the army, he advanced gradually to become full general in 1812. He received a baronetcy in 1815.

Tarleton was involved with the actress Mary Robinson, former mistress of the Prince of Wales (the future George IV), for many years. He later married an illegitimate daughter of the Duke of Ancaster. Tarleton died on Jan. 25, 1833, in Leintwardine, Shropshire.

A historian of the American Revolution wrote of Tarleton: "As a leader of cavalry, he was unmatched on either side for alertness and rapidity of movement, dash, daring and vigor 32 of attack."

Tarleton never had a face-to-face with any of the militia 33 leaders as he does with Martin in the movie.

考考你

用今日所学将下面的句子译成英语。

1． 婚姻失败后，她对事业投入了全部精力。
2． 他会变成什么样呢？
3． 他该退休、为年轻的教授让位了。

The Patriot《爱国者》（精讲之四）考考你 参考答案

Dan Scott, barely a week ago I heard you railed for two hours about independence. Mr. Hardwick, how many times have I heard you speak of freedom at my father's table? Half the men in this church, including you, Father, and you, Reverend, are as ardent 34 patriots 35 as I. Will you know, when you are needed most, stop at only words? Is that the sort of men you are? I ask only that you act upon the beliefs of which you have so strongly spoken and in which you so strongly believe.

丹·斯科特，仅仅一个星期以前，我还听到你慷慨激昂地谈论了两个小时独立。海德威克先生，你在我父亲的餐桌上发表过多少关于自由的论调了？这个教堂里有一半的人，包括你，父亲，还有你，牧师，都和我一样是满腔热情的爱国者。当国家最需要你们的时候，你们就只是说说算了吗？你们就是这样的人吗？我只是请求你们，按照你们曾经积极提倡过的坚定信仰来行动。

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1
civilian

  
 


adj.平民的，民用的，民众的


参考例句：





There is no reliable information about civilian casualties.关于平民的伤亡还没有确凿的信息。
He resigned his commission to take up a civilian job.他辞去军职而从事平民工作。












2
civilized

  
 


a.有教养的，文雅的


参考例句：





Racism is abhorrent to a civilized society. 文明社会憎恶种族主义。
rising crime in our so-called civilized societies 在我们所谓文明社会中日益增多的犯罪行为












3
warfare

  
 


n.战争(状态)；斗争；冲突


参考例句：





He addressed the audience on the subject of atomic warfare.他向听众演讲有关原子战争的问题。
Their struggle consists mainly in peasant guerrilla warfare.他们的斗争主要是农民游击战。












4
chaos

  
 


n.混乱，无秩序


参考例句：





After the failure of electricity supply the city was in chaos.停电后，城市一片混乱。
The typhoon left chaos behind it.台风后一片混乱。












5
civilians

  
 


平民，百姓( civilian的名词复数 )； 老百姓


参考例句：





the bloody massacre of innocent civilians 对无辜平民的血腥屠杀
At least 300 civilians are unaccounted for after the bombing raids. 遭轰炸袭击之后，至少有300名平民下落不明。












6
ridge

  
 


n.山脊；鼻梁；分水岭


参考例句：





We clambered up the hillside to the ridge above.我们沿着山坡费力地爬上了山脊。
The infantry were advancing to attack the ridge.步兵部队正在向前挺进攻打山脊。












7
lieutenants

  
 


n.陆军中尉( lieutenant的名词复数 )；副职官员；空军；仅低于…官阶的官员


参考例句：





In the army, lieutenants are subordinate to captains. 在陆军中，中尉是上尉的下级。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
Lieutenants now cap at 1.5 from 1. Recon at 1. 中尉现在由1人口增加的1.5人口。侦查小组成员为1人口。 来自互联网












8
incompetence

  
 


n.不胜任，不称职


参考例句：





He was dismissed for incompetence. 他因不称职而被解雇。
She felt she had been made a scapegoat for her boss's incompetence. 她觉得，本是老板无能，但她却成了替罪羊。












9
loyalty

  
 


n.忠诚，忠心


参考例句：





She told him the truth from a sense of loyalty.她告诉他真相是出于忠诚。
His loyalty to his friends was never in doubt.他对朋友的一片忠心从来没受到怀疑。












10
brutal

  
 


adj.残忍的，野蛮的，不讲理的


参考例句：





She has to face the brutal reality.她不得不去面对冷酷的现实。
They're brutal people behind their civilised veneer.他们表面上温文有礼，骨子里却是野蛮残忍。












11
mantle

  
 


n.斗篷，覆罩之物，罩子；v.罩住，覆盖，脸红


参考例句：





The earth had donned her mantle of brightest green.大地披上了苍翠欲滴的绿色斗篷。
The mountain was covered with a mantle of snow.山上覆盖着一层雪。












12
rendering

  
 


n.表现，描写


参考例句：





She gave a splendid rendering of Beethoven's piano sonata.她精彩地演奏了贝多芬的钢琴奏鸣曲。
His narrative is a super rendering of dialect speech and idiom.他的叙述是方言和土语最成功的运用。












13
plantation

  
 


n.种植园，大农场


参考例句：





His father-in-law is a plantation manager.他岳父是个种植园经营者。
The plantation owner has possessed himself of a vast piece of land.这个种植园主把大片土地占为己有。












14
fully

  
 


adv.完全地，全部地，彻底地；充分地


参考例句：





The doctor asked me to breathe in,then to breathe out fully.医生让我先吸气，然后全部呼出。
They soon became fully integrated into the local community.他们很快就完全融入了当地人的圈子。












15
jersey

  
 


n.运动衫


参考例句：





He wears a cotton jersey when he plays football.他穿运动衫踢足球。
They were dressed alike in blue jersey and knickers.他们穿着一致，都是蓝色的运动衫和灯笼短裤。












16
acquitting

  
 


宣判…无罪( acquit的现在分词 )； 使（自己）作出某种表现


参考例句：





Meanwhile Ms Sotomayor is acquitting herself well enough. 另一方面，Sotomayor女士正在完成自己的任务。
It has the following characteristics: high speed of data acquitting and data processing. 固件程序具有较高的采集响应速度和数据处理速度。












17
distinguished

  
 


adj.卓越的，杰出的，著名的


参考例句：





Elephants are distinguished from other animals by their long noses.大象以其长长的鼻子显示出与其他动物的不同。
A banquet was given in honor of the distinguished guests.宴会是为了向贵宾们致敬而举行的。












18
initiated

  
 


n. 创始人
adj. 新加入的
vt. 开始，创始，启蒙，介绍加入


参考例句：





He has not yet been thoroughly initiated into the mysteries of computers. 他对计算机的奥秘尚未入门。
The artist initiated the girl into the art world in France. 这个艺术家介绍这个女孩加入巴黎艺术界。












19
emancipation

  
 


n.（从束缚、支配下）解放


参考例句：





We must arouse them to fight for their own emancipation. 我们必须唤起他们为其自身的解放而斗争。 来自《简明英汉词典》
They rejoiced over their own emancipation. 他们为自己的解放感到欢欣鼓舞。 来自《简明英汉词典》












20
cavalry

  
 


n.骑兵；轻装甲部队


参考例句：





We were taken in flank by a troop of cavalry. 我们翼侧受到一队骑兵的袭击。
The enemy cavalry rode our men down. 敌人的骑兵撞倒了我们的人。












21
sobriquet

  
 


n.绰号


参考例句：





In Paris he was rewarded with the sobriquet of an "ultra-liberal".在巴黎，他被冠以“超自由主义者”的绰号。
Andrew Jackson was known by the sobriquet "Old Hickory." 安德鲁•杰克生以其绰号“老山胡桃”而知名。












22
bloody

  
 


adj.非常的的；流血的；残忍的；adv.很；vt.血染


参考例句：





He got a bloody nose in the fight.他在打斗中被打得鼻子流血。
He is a bloody fool.他是一个十足的笨蛋。












23
Oxford

  
 


n.牛津（英国城市）


参考例句：





At present he has become a Professor of Chemistry at Oxford.他现在已是牛津大学的化学教授了。
This is where the road to Oxford joins the road to London.这是去牛津的路与去伦敦的路的汇合处。












24
infantry

  
 


n.[总称]步兵(部队)


参考例句：





The infantry were equipped with flame throwers.步兵都装备有喷火器。
We have less infantry than the enemy.我们的步兵比敌人少。












25
annihilated

  
 


v.（彻底）消灭( annihilate的过去式和过去分词 )；使无效；废止；彻底击溃


参考例句：





Our soldiers annihilated a force of three hundred enemy troops. 我军战士消灭了300名敌军。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
We annihilated the enemy. 我们歼灭了敌人。 来自《简明英汉词典》












26
opposition

  
 


n.反对，敌对


参考例句：





The party leader is facing opposition in his own backyard.该党领袖在自己的党內遇到了反对。
The police tried to break down the prisoner's opposition.警察设法制住了那个囚犯的反抗。












27
rout

  
 


n.溃退，溃败；v.击溃，打垮


参考例句：





The enemy was put to rout all along the line.敌人已全线崩溃。
The people's army put all to rout wherever they went.人民军队所向披靡。












28
creek

  
 


n.小溪，小河，小湾


参考例句：





He sprang through the creek.他跳过小河。
People sunbathe in the nude on the rocks above the creek.人们在露出小溪的岩石上裸体晒日光浴。












29
morale

  
 


n.道德准则，士气，斗志


参考例句：





The morale of the enemy troops is sinking lower every day.敌军的士气日益低落。
He tried to bolster up their morale.他尽力鼓舞他们的士气。












30
minor

  
 


adj.较小(少)的，较次要的；n.辅修学科；vi.辅修


参考例句：





The young actor was given a minor part in the new play.年轻的男演员在这出新戏里被分派担任一个小角色。
I gave him a minor share of my wealth.我把小部分财产给了他。












31
compensate

  
 


vt.补偿，赔偿；酬报 vi.弥补；补偿；抵消


参考例句：





She used her good looks to compensate her lack of intelligence. 她利用她漂亮的外表来弥补智力的不足。
Nothing can compensate for the loss of one's health. 一个人失去了键康是不可弥补的。












32
vigor

  
 


n.活力，精力，元气


参考例句：





The choir sang the words out with great vigor.合唱团以极大的热情唱出了歌词。
She didn't want to be reminded of her beauty or her former vigor.现在，她不愿人们提起她昔日的美丽和以前的精力充沛。












33
militia

  
 


n.民兵，民兵组织


参考例句：





First came the PLA men,then the people's militia.人民解放军走在前面，其次是民兵。
There's a building guarded by the local militia at the corner of the street.街道拐角处有一幢由当地民兵团守卫的大楼。












34
ardent

  
 


adj.热情的，热烈的，强烈的，烈性的


参考例句：





He's an ardent supporter of the local football team.他是本地足球队的热情支持者。
Ardent expectations were held by his parents for his college career.他父母对他的大学学习抱着殷切的期望。












35
patriots

  
 


爱国者，爱国主义者( patriot的名词复数 )


参考例句：





Abraham Lincoln was a fine type of the American patriots. 亚伯拉罕·林肯是美国爱国者的优秀典型。
These patriots would fight to death before they surrendered. 这些爱国者宁愿战斗到死，也不愿投降。