时间:2018-12-30 作者:英语课 分类:考研英语长难句讲解


英语课

   10. Other models exist that are hybrids 1 of these three, such as delayed open-access, where journals allow only subscribers to read a paper for the first six months, before making it freely available to everyone who wishes to see it.


  【分析】复合句。主句的主干是 Other models exist。that 引导的定语从句修饰 Other models,但该从句和其先行词被主句的谓语 exsit 分隔开,形成了分隔结构。such as...为插入语,通过举例对前句予以说明。where 引导非限定性定语从句,修饰 delayed open-access,介词结构 before making it...作状语,其中 who 引导的定语从句修饰 everyone。
  【译文】还有一些商业模式为以上三种主要模式的综合体,如延迟开放模式,即这些期刊前六个月只允许付费者阅读论文,然后才免费提供给所有想阅读的人。
  11. The bodies playing major professional sports have changed dramatically over the years, and managers have been more than willing to adjust team uniforms to fit the growing numbers of bigger, longer frames.
  【分析】并列句。and 连接两个并列分句。前一分句中,现在分词结构 playing...sports 作 the bodies 的定语;后一分句中的不定式结构 to fit...作 adjust team uniforms 的目的状语。
  【译文】这些年来,参加主要职业棒球赛运动员的身材发生了显著变化,俱乐部的经理们更乐意修改队服来满足日益增多的更高、更壮的运动员的需要。
  【点拨】body 一词意思较多,可意为“身体”、“主体,主要部分”、“团体”或“尸体”。本句中该词译为其常用义“身体”。

  定语从句与先行词的隔离
  英语中有很多复杂的定语从句,它们的先行词并不像常规那样紧靠着关系词,而是在先行词与关系词之间插入了很多成分。这时,靠近关系词的名词就不是先行词了,也就是说定语从句与其修饰的先行词被分隔,这种分隔有以下三种情况:
  1)作主语的先行词+谓语部分+定语从句:当修饰一个主语的定语从句很长,而此主语对应的谓语部分很短时,可以将这个定语从句与先行词分隔开来放于谓语之后以保持句子的平衡。这种被分隔的定语从句要注意寻找其对应的先行词,否则容易出现理解错误。例如,本句即是这种情况。
  2)先行词+其他定语+定语从句:先行词同时带有多个定语,而其中定语从句比其他定语长,结构也较复杂,此时,按照英语尾重的原则,把结构复杂的定语从句放在其他定语之后。这种情形最为常见。例如:For example, changes in the economy that lead to fewer job opportunities for youth and rising unemployment in general make gainful employment increasingly difficult to obtain.(change 与 that 引导的定语从句被另一定语 in the economy 分隔)比如,经济方面的变化使得青年的就业机会更少,加之失业率的普遍上升,这越发使得赚钱的工作日益难找。
  3)先行词+状语+定语从句:例如: As a linguist 2, he acknowledges that all varieties of human languages, including non-standard ones like Black English, can be powerfully expressive—there exits no language or dialect in the world that cannot convey complex ideas.(句中先行词 language or dialect 与 that 引导的定语从句被状语 in the world 隔开。)作为一名语言学家,他承认所有种类的人类语言,包括不规范的语言,如黑人英语,都具有强大的表达能力——世界上没有一种语言或方言不能表达复杂的意思。


n.杂交生成的生物体( hybrid的名词复数 );杂交植物(或动物);杂种;(不同事物的)混合物
  • All these brightly coloured hybrids are so lovely in the garden. 花园里所有这些色彩鲜艳的杂交花真美丽。 来自辞典例句
  • The notion that interspecific hybrids are rare is ill-founded. 有一种看法认为种间杂种是罕见的,这种看法是无根据的。 来自辞典例句
n.语言学家;精通数种外国语言者
  • I used to be a linguist till I become a writer.过去我是个语言学家,后来成了作家。
  • Professor Cui has a high reputation as a linguist.崔教授作为语言学家名声很高。
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acetobromglucose
actionable fraud
ageustias
agreeing
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flip a coin
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shaft-type governor
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slap sb. on the back
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the best-laid plans
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