新概念英语85年上外美音版第四册 第7课
时间：2018-12-24 作者：英语课 分类：新概念英语85年上外美音版
Lesson 7 The sporting spirit 运动精神
I am always amazed when I hear people saying that sport creates goodwill 1 between the nations, and that if only the common peoples of the world could meet one another at football or cricket, they would have no inclination 2 to meet on the battlefield. Even if one didn't know from concrete examples (the 1936 Olympic Games, for instance) that international sporting contests lead to orgies of hatred 3, one could deduce it from general principles.
Nearly all the sports practised nowadays are competitive. You play to win, and the game has little meaning unless you do your utmost to win. On the village green, where you pick up sides and no feeling of local patriotism 5 is involved, it is possible to play simply for the fun and exercise: but as soon as the question of prestige arises, as soon as you feel that you and some larger unit will be disgraced if you lose, the most savage 6 combative 7 instincts are aroused. Anyone who has played even in a school football match knows this. At the international level sport is frankly 8 mimic 9 warfare 10. But the significant thing is not the behaviour of the players but the attitude of the spectators: and, behind the spectators, of the nations. who work themselves into furies over these absurd contests, and seriouslybelieve--at any rate for short periods--that running, jumping and kicking a ball are tests of national virtue 11.
New words and expressions 生词短语
goodwill n. 友好 prestige n. 声誉
cricket n.板球 disgrace vt. 使丢脸
inclination n.意愿 savage n.野性的
contest n. 比赛 combative a.好斗的
orgy n. 恣意，放荡 frankly ad.坦率地
deduce vt.推断 mimic a.与….极相似
competitive a. 竞争性的 behaveiour 行动
pick up 随意挑选 spectatotor n.观众
side n. 队 word….into…..引起……注意
patriotism n. 地方观念 爱国主义 fury n.狂热
involve vt. 卷入 absurd a.荒唐的
goodwill=friendship n.友好
goodwill games:友好运动会
goodwill visit:友好访问
pay a goodwill visit to
official visit:官方正式访问
state visit:国事访问
cricket n.板球 as merry as a cricket(蟋蟀) 形容心情高兴，快乐无比
inclination n. 意愿
incline v.
be inclined to do sth 表示强烈的意愿
I am inclined to take toefl.
willing
show inclination to follow one's inclination 随心所欲
contest n. 比赛
近义词：competition game match tournament race
contest:a group of judges
beauty contest 选美比赛
competition:socially 抽象使用
Social competition is fierce.
Dog eat dog.人吃人。形容竞争激烈。
game:physically ,mentally
match:quite important
China won the 2002 World Cup match.
tournament:淘汰赛，巡回赛。
race:以速度见长
cycle racing 自行车比赛
car racing 赛车
orgy n.恣意，放荡
revelry in 狂欢
I revelry in my success.
on a spree
The girl is on a shoping spree.
competitive
combative-贬义词 同 aggressive
competitive-褒义词／中性词
competitor-竞争者
compete with sb. for sth.
pick up 随意挑选
side 队
patriotism n.地方观众，爱国主义
patriot 4:爱国者 patriotic 12:爱国的
involve vt.卷入
involve oneself in scandal be involved in
prestige n.声誉
prestigious 13 a.享有声誉的Qinghua university is very prestigious.
近义词：fame renown(renowned 著名的) reputation eminence 14
disgrace vt.使丢脸
grace,graceful-graceless
disgraceful 丢脸 Your essay is very guaceful.
fame-defame honor-dishonor
stigmaa(污点) vt.stigmatize 15 Robbery stigmatizes 16 him.
savage n.野性的
inhuman 17 残忍无比 nonhuman （非人类的）
mercy-merciless ruth-ruthless
beastly
combative a.好斗的
frankly ad.坦率地
Frankly speaking(To be frank) 坦白的说 candid 18 坦白的 straightly 直率的
mimic a.与……相似
mimic-只用作定语
similar-可作定语和表语 Our ideas are similar. We have similar ideas.
alike-只作表语
Great minds think alike.英雄所见略同。
behaviour 行动 举止
Behave oneself.规矩点儿。
attitude n.态度
spectator n.观众
audience 听众 audial 听
visual
spectacle: 壮丽景色；眼镜
viewer 电视观众
work…into… 引起…注意…
into后接表示感情的词
fury n.狂热
furious a.-强于anger,annoyance,aggravation
rage---suddenly & quickly
absurd a.荒唐的
近义词 illogical irrational 19 senseless ridiculous
r开头的形容词的反义词前面加ir
l开头的形容词的反义词前面加il
at any rate 无论，至少＝at least
amazed: surprised,astound,astonished
前两个词都可以用作表语和主谓宾结构，后两个词只有表语结构。
The news surprised me.
I was surprised by the news.
I am astonished to hear the news.
You should not say”The news astonished me”.
hear(watch,notice,see)sb.do/doing
if only:
1. 表虚拟，2. 当“真好”讲,后面无任何主从句。
If only I had a pair of wings.我要有双翅膀就好了。
If only I could fly to the moon.
3. 作为条件句＝as long as，4. 后面须有主句。
deduce:推导
the background of the 1936 Olympic Games :二战时在德国柏林举行，希特勒举办的目的为了宣传他的national supremacy(民主优越性)。
然而，事与愿违，本届奥运会出现了一位独领风骚的田径大王－美国黑人运动员，杰西?欧文斯，他共获得4枚金牌，让希特勒disgrace(颜面尽失)，后人评论“the 1936 Olympin Games is a mistake”,而且称为political tragedy,影射希特勒的种族歧视，导致极端的仇恨，引发二战。
neagly all 基本肯定
green: 绿地
aroused:被激发起来
frankly: 真正的
mimic warfare:模拟战争
battle field-fight to win,commander,do your utmost,blood,lose life,machine guns
sport field-play to win,coach,do your best,sweat,lose life,hand leg foot
fury over 对…愤怒
virtue:quality
- His heart is full of goodwill to all men.他心里对所有人都充满着爱心。
- We paid ￡10,000 for the shop,and ￡2000 for its goodwill.我们用一万英镑买下了这家商店，两千英镑买下了它的信誉。
- She greeted us with a slight inclination of the head.她微微点头向我们致意。
- I did not feel the slightest inclination to hurry.我没有丝毫着急的意思。
- He looked at me with hatred in his eyes.他以憎恨的眼光望着我。
- The old man was seized with burning hatred for the fascists.老人对法西斯主义者充满了仇恨。
- He avowed himself a patriot.他自称自己是爱国者。
- He is a patriot who has won the admiration of the French already.他是一个已经赢得法国人敬仰的爱国者。
- His new book is a demonstration of his patriotism.他写的新书是他的爱国精神的证明。
- They obtained money under the false pretenses of patriotism.他们以虚伪的爱国主义为借口获得金钱。
- The poor man received a savage beating from the thugs.那可怜的人遭到暴徒的痛打。
- He has a savage temper.他脾气粗暴。
- Mr. Obama has recently adopted a more combative tone.奥巴马总统近来采取了一种更有战斗性的语调。
- She believes that women are at least as combative as are.她相信女性至少和男性一样好斗。
- To speak frankly, I don't like the idea at all.老实说，我一点也不赞成这个主意。
- Frankly speaking, I'm not opposed to reform.坦率地说，我不反对改革。
- A parrot can mimic a person's voice.鹦鹉能学人的声音。
- He used to mimic speech peculiarities of another.他过去总是模仿别人讲话的特点。
- He addressed the audience on the subject of atomic warfare.他向听众演讲有关原子战争的问题。
- Their struggle consists mainly in peasant guerrilla warfare.他们的斗争主要是农民游击战。
- He was considered to be a paragon of virtue.他被认为是品德尽善尽美的典范。
- You need to decorate your mind with virtue.你应该用德行美化心灵。
- His speech was full of patriotic sentiments.他的演说充满了爱国之情。
- The old man is a patriotic overseas Chinese.这位老人是一位爱国华侨。
- The young man graduated from a prestigious university.这个年轻人毕业于一所名牌大学。
- You may even join a prestigious magazine as a contributing editor.甚至可能会加入一个知名杂志做编辑。
- He is a statesman of great eminence.他是个声名显赫的政治家。
- Many of the pilots were to achieve eminence in the aeronautical world.这些飞行员中很多人将会在航空界声名显赫。
- Children in single-parent families must not be stigmatized.单亲家庭的孩子们不应该受到歧视。
- They are often stigmatized by the rest of society as lazy and dirty.他们经常被社会中的其他人污蔑为懒惰、肮脏。
- We must unite the workers in fighting against inhuman conditions.我们必须使工人们团结起来反对那些难以忍受的工作条件。
- It was inhuman to refuse him permission to see his wife.不容许他去看自己的妻子是太不近人情了。
- I cannot but hope the candid reader will give some allowance for it.我只有希望公正的读者多少包涵一些。
- He is quite candid with his friends.他对朋友相当坦诚。
- After taking the drug she became completely irrational.她在吸毒后变得完全失去了理性。
- There are also signs of irrational exuberance among some investors.在某些投资者中是存在非理性繁荣的征象的。