时间:2018-12-17 作者:英语课 分类:考研英语长难句讲解


英语课

   2009 考研英语长难句


  3、Religious associations began, for example, in the desire to secure the favor of overruling powers and to ward 1 off evil influences; family life in the desire to gratify appetites and secure family perpetuity; systematic 2 labor 3, for the most part, because of enslavement to others, etc.
  【分析】并列句。此句由分号连接的三个分句组成。第二个和第三个分句省略了与第一个分句相同的谓语动词began,for example 和 for the most part 都是插入语; in the desire…和 because of …作状语secure …和 to gratify…均作desire的后置定语。翻译时为忠实于原文可以不译出省略的部分。
  【点拨】1、secure意为“获得;使安全,保卫”,很明显,句中第一个secure释义为“获得”,第二个为“保卫”,可译 成“维系”。2、overruling由动词overrule而来, overruling powers“统治一切的力量”,指神灵。3、ward off意 为“避开,防止”。 4、appetite不能简单译成“食欲”,可译为“欲望”。5、for the most part指“多半;通常;在极大 程度上”。6、enslavement指“奴役,束缚”。
  【译文】比如,宗教团体是为了得到神灵的庇佑、趋避邪恶才产生的;家庭则是为了满足欲望并维系家庭长久;系统的劳作大多是因为被他人奴役等等。
  4、Only gradually was the by-product 4 of the institution noted 5, and only more gradually still was this effect con 6?sidered as a directive factor in the conduct of the institution.
  【分析】并列句。and连接两个并列的强调部分倒装句。第一个分句的正常语序是The by-product of the institution was noted only gradually;第二个分句的正常语序是In the conduct of the institution, this effect was considered as a directive factor only more gradually still。翻译时应按照汉语的习惯重新调整词序,以保证译文结构顺畅。而且,两个分句的被动语态可翻译为主动语态,同时增补泛指性的词语“人们”、“大 家”等作主语。
  【点拨】1、by-product意为“副产品”,不可译成“次产品”。2、noted在句中的释义为“注意,留意”,而非“记录下来的;著名的”。3 、 more gradually still可译为“更加缓慢”,不可译为“依旧缓慢”。 4、directive有“指示的,指导的;管理的;定向的”等意思,因其与factor搭配,根据语境,取其“指导性的”这―义项 5、conduct根据其后置定语of the institution可以确定其含义为“经营、管理方式”,意译为“机构的运行”。
  【译文】人们只是逐渐地才注意到机构的这一副产品,而人们把这种作用视为机构运作的指导性因素的过程则更为缓慢。

1 ward
n.守卫,监护,病房,行政区,由监护人或法院保护的人(尤指儿童);vt.守护,躲开
  • The hospital has a medical ward and a surgical ward.这家医院有内科病房和外科病房。
  • During the evening picnic,I'll carry a torch to ward off the bugs.傍晚野餐时,我要点根火把,抵挡蚊虫。
2 systematic
adj.有系统的,有计划的,有方法的
  • The way he works isn't very systematic.他的工作不是很有条理。
  • The teacher made a systematic work of teaching.这个教师进行系统的教学工作。
3 labor
n.劳动,努力,工作,劳工;分娩;vi.劳动,努力,苦干;vt.详细分析;麻烦
  • We are never late in satisfying him for his labor.我们从不延误付给他劳动报酬。
  • He was completely spent after two weeks of hard labor.艰苦劳动两周后,他已经疲惫不堪了。
4 by-product
n.副产品,附带产生的结果
  • Freedom is the by-product of economic surplus.自由是经济盈余的副产品。
  • The raw material for the tyre is a by-product of petrol refining.制造轮胎的原材料是提炼汽油时产生的一种副产品。
5 noted
adj.著名的,知名的
  • The local hotel is noted for its good table.当地的那家酒店以餐食精美而著称。
  • Jim is noted for arriving late for work.吉姆上班迟到出了名。
6 con
n.反对的观点,反对者,反对票,肺病;vt.精读,学习,默记;adv.反对地,从反面;adj.欺诈的
  • We must be fair and consider the reason pro and con.我们必须公平考虑赞成和反对的理由。
  • The motion is adopted non con.因无人投反对票,协议被通过。
标签: 考研英语
学英语单词
11-Deoxy-17-ketosteroids
adnexectomy
afnic
amphibrach
anterior lymph-heart
ariba
asymmetry cycle
auto-correct
backward propagation ionospheric scatter
baked potato
big cassino
boarding car
breeding for creeping root in lucerne
candlenut
Chagas-Gruz disease
compression type valve lifter
deep-water current
display rack
distillating apparatus
drum back sight mechanism
duovirus
electric heariog aid
electronic counter relay
essentially equivalent
expunge the class
factor table
family dilleniaceaes
flat-panel dispaly
FOFL
footing group
form a resolution
free f1oat
gamma absorber
general-purpose tester
Hamites
helminthosporium torulosum
historical high
Hlawzingon
hypersensitively
indian-pacific
indispensables
inspection of shaft bracket installation
inter-houses
keep pace (with)
lever stop
linguistic convention
marine tactical data system
matched terminal
medevac-ed
moderately urbanphobe plant
N6-isopentenyladenine
NSQ
outside-right
overyearing
patrologies
Peacehaven
Pestravskiy Rayon
physical media dependant
pitch diameter tolerance
pod location
precombustion-chamber
preliminary fire refining
pressure thermometre
Pretorius, Marthinus Wessels
provident fund scheme
raised pile
rally caps
ramus apicalis lobi inferior
rapateaceaes
reallotted
referee throw
res privatae
rich low brass
ringaskiddy
river clamp
saponification agent
scrunch up
second-level interrupt
sexines
shearing interference microscope
slin emissivity
Smilax L.
split-arse
spoiled goods market
Standard-forest
steam exhaust chamber
stoer
subscrive
substantialists
surpalite
surrogate parenthood
swim lane
symptomless infection
system integrator
tbp (tributyl phosphate)
theoretical appraisal
transport caterpillar tractor
Turcophile
uranium selenide
volumebolometer
wehmeier
yellow muscardine