时间:2019-02-18 作者:英语课 分类:美国习惯用语


英语课

我们上次讲了几个由top组成的习惯用语。今天我们承上启下要讲几个由bottom这个词发展而来的习惯用语。 大家知道它的意思和top正相反,解释底部。我们要学的第一个习惯用语是: top to bottom。 Top to bottom意思不难理解,就是从头到底。换句话说是完全彻底地。


我们来听个例子。这是爸爸在责骂儿子,因为他没把脚上的泥巴擦干净就踏进家门来了。


例句-1:Wait until your mother sees that mud 1 on the floor, young man! She spent all day cleaning the house from top to bottom for our party tonight. Better clean it up and be quick about it!


他说:嘿,等著瞧吧,你妈看到地板上那些泥巴会怎么样!她化了一整天时间把整栋房子彻底打扫干净,就为了今晚的宴会。你可得马上动手把它擦干净才好!


这里的top to bottom意思是完全彻底地。


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我们接著要学的习惯用语是: rock bottom。 Rock是岩石。如果往地下钻探,穿过表土层,到最底下才是坚硬的岩层,就是rock bottom。换句话说是最底层的。


Rock bottom常用来说价格跌落到最低限度。例如我们会这样说股票市场:The stock 2 market hits the rock bottom, 股市已跌到最低限度。言下之意是股票价格下跌到不能再低的程度,可能要反弹了。我们再听个例子,说话的人在对朋友介绍省钱的门道。


例句-2:Bill, if you need furniture, I can tell you where to get it cheap. That store on Main Street is going out of business and they're selling everything they have at rock-bottom prices.


他说:Bill, 你如果需要家俱我可以告诉你哪里能买到便宜货。中心大街上那家店要终止营业了;他们正以最低价格出售所有的货。


这里的rock-bottom解释“最低的。”


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我们再学一个习惯用语: bottom dollar。 大家早知道dollar是美元,如果你口袋里只剩最底下的那一美元了,你手头一定相当拮据。我们要听的例子里说到的那个人就曾经处于这种经济窘迫的景况。


例句-3:Thank God I finally found a job - I've been out of work for more than a year and I was almost down to my bottom dollar. I can tell you, I never want to be like that again!


他说:谢天谢地我总算找到工作了。我失业有一年多了,几乎花完了所有的钱。我跟你讲,我可万万不想再过那种日子。


所以down to one's bottom dollar意思是几乎到了手无分文的地步,也就是景况窘迫。


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最后再学个习惯用语: bottom line。 Bottom line这个短语出自商界。会计在做公司财务报告的时候得把各项收入和各项支出分别相加,然后在报告的最后一行也就是bottom line从收入总数里减去支出总数,得出净利或者是亏损金额,所以bottom line是全报告里最重要的结论性数据。


Bottom line这个说法逐渐从商界被转用到日常生活中,尤其常用在政界或者政体中。让我们通过一个例子来体会这个习惯用语的转用意义。这是两个记者在国会旁听两党就一项提案展开的辩论。


例句-4:Joe, they've been debating the farm bill for two weeks now. When they finish all the arguing, what do you think will be the bottom line: will the Republicans 3 or the Democrats 4 win?


他说:Joe, 他们就有关农业的提案展开辩论已经有两个星期了。你认为到他们结束一切争论的时候会有甚么样的最终结果呢?究竟是共和党人还是民主党人会赢得胜利呢?


议员们经过旷日持久的论战之后要投票表决议案,得出决议,所以这里的bottom line就是最终结果或者决定。

 



n.泥,泥浆
  • The swimming pool is filled up with mud.游泳池里全是泥。
  • A car ran past,spotting my coat with mud.一辆汽车驶过,给我的外衣溅上了泥点。
n.存货,储备;树干;血统;股份;家畜;adj.存货的;平凡的,惯用的;股票的;畜牧的;vt.进货,采购;储存;供给;vi.出新芽;进货
  • The shop takes stock every week on Friday mornings.这家商店每星期五早晨盘点存货。
  • Experts have forecast an upturn in the stock market.专家已预测股票市场价格有上升趋势。
拥护共和政体者,共和主义者( republican的名词复数 )
  • The Republicans got shellacked in the elections. 共和党在选举中一败涂地。
  • The latest poll gives the Republicans a 5% lead. 最近的民意调查结果表明共和党领先了五个百分点。
n.民主主义者,民主人士( democrat的名词复数 )
  • The Democrats held a pep rally on Capitol Hill yesterday. 民主党昨天在国会山召开了竞选誓师大会。
  • The democrats organize a filibuster in the senate. 民主党党员组织了阻挠议事。 来自《简明英汉词典》
学英语单词
'toons
absolute mean deviation
aggregometer
Agropoli
air-cooled graphite moderated reactor
aldehydic hydrogen
allomerisms
apex of earth motion
apodized aperture
beat-box
Bidens coronata
branded goods
broad-bean plants
Bulsār
candelabras
cheque board scan
cismadinone
Cleveland steamers
cmos gate array
contiguous sea area
cotton core
covariants
dahira obliquifascia
Danjuro
darkness adaption
directed set
divine-mind
dorsal tegmental nucleus
economic recession
epidote amphibolite
femtowebers
framework of fault
get too big for one's boots
hard right
Harmsworth, Harold Sidney
high-moisture grain silage
housekeeping digit
hydrofine
hydroiodination
industrial radiology
Itard-Cholewa sign
kaga
Kovel'
latricia
let something slide
manitology
meristoderm
Montsec
neutral position of brush
NOESY
nondefinable
nonstructural
observe measure s
periodontologists
physical shape
pincloth
polydelphous
polymorphic transition
poure
pure space science
quality circles
qualling
quantum step
Raphidia
recall of witness
regulize
reinforced concrete fence
renal embolism
reticulated veins
round mallet
scifier
selective conversion
self-murderer
sensitive plate processing
shaker convyer
sheet-ice
side tilt car
slimy waste material
small business management
smoothing by free hand
soil depleting crop
solar blind photomultiplier
speed matching
ST_easy-and-difficult_causing-difficulties-for-oneself-or-others
state correspondence error
strip a peg
super highway
tackle pulley
tar cooler box
telegraph selector
the book of fate
thread mill
three-putts
tighter than the barkon a tree
trisomy 18 syndrome
undivined
uniflow cooler
value insured rail traffic
wall of sound
whoopee do
Yemurtla
zookeep