【简明语法】7.2 不定式作补语
时间:2019-02-08 作者:英语课 分类:英文语法词汇
英语课
1) 动词+宾语+不定式(to do)
advise allow appoint believe cause challenge command compel 1 consider declare drive enable 2 encourage find forbid force guess hire imagine impel 3 induce 4 inform instruct invite judge know like order permit persuade remind report request require select send state suppose tell think train trust understand urge warn
例句:
a. Father will not allow us to play on the street.
父亲不让我们在街上玩耍。
b. We believe him to be guilty.
我们相信他是有罪的。
Find 的特殊用法:
Find 后可用分词做宾补,或先加形式宾语,再加形容词,最后加带to 的动词不定式。find后也可带一个从句。此类动词还有get,have。
I found him lying on the ground.
I found it important to learn.
I found that to learn English is important.
典型例题:
The next morning she found the man ___ in bed,dead.
A. lying B. lie C. lay D. laying
答案:A.find的宾语后面,用分词或分词短语,起宾语补足语作用。现在分词表达主动,也表达正在进行,过去分词表达被动。
2) to + be 的不定式结构,作补语的动词。
Acknowledge 5, believe, consider, think, declare(声称), discover, fancy(设想), feel find, guess, judge, imagine, know, prove, see(理解), show, suppose, take(以为), understand
We consider Tom to be one of the best students in our class.
我们认为汤姆是班上最好的学生之一。
典型例题
Charles Babbage is generally considered ___ the first computer.
A. to invent B. inventing C. to have invented D. having invented
答案:A. 由consider to do sth. 排除B、D。. 此句只说明发明这一个事实,不定式后用原形即可。而C为现在完成时,发明为点动词一般不用完成时,且此处也不强调对现在的影响,因此不选C。
3) to be +形容词
Seem, appear, be said, be supposed, be believed, be thought, be known, be reported, hope, wish, desire, want, plan, expect, mean…
The book is believed to be uninteresting.
人们认为这本书没什么意思。
4) there be+不定式
believe, expect, intend, like, love, mean, prefer, want, wish, undrstand
We didn't expect there to be so many people there.我们没料到会有那么多人在哪里。
注意 : 有些动词需用as 短语做补语,如regard, think believe, take, consider.
We regard Tom as our best teacher. 我们认为汤姆是我们最好的老师。
Mary took him as her father . 玛丽把他当作自己的父亲。
vt.迫使,强迫,使不得不
- Nothing can compel me to do such a thing.没有什么可以强迫我做这件事。
- You cannot compel good work from unwilling students.你不能迫使不肯学习的学生取得好成绩。
vt.使能够;使可以;使成为可能
- Only teamwork will enable us to get the job done on time.只有团结一致,我们才能按时完成这项工作。
- This will enable China to go a step further in grain production.这是中国粮食生产再上新台阶的巨大动力。
v.推动;激励,迫使
- Financial pressures impel the firm to cut back on spending.财政压力迫使公司减少开支。
- The progress in science and technical will powerfully impel the education's development.科学和技术的进步将有力地推动教育的发展。
vt.引诱,劝;引起,导致
- The medicine will induce sleep.这种药使人入睡。
- Certain chemicals can induce undesirable changes in the nervous system.有些化学物质能在神经系统中引起不良变化。
vt.承认...的权威,告知,收到,报偿
- With so much evidence against him he had to acknowledge his error.在这么多的证据面前,他不得不承认错误。
- It is ungracious of me not to acknowledge your help.你大力帮助而我尚未表示谢意,十分失礼。